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- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Rostaniha
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: phylogeny,morphology,Taxonomy,ITS,GPDH
- چکیده: در راستای تاکسونومی گونههای جنسهای Exserohilum و Pyrenophora، نمونههای برگی آلوده گیاهی طی سالهای 94-1392 از استانهای مختلف کشور (آذربایجان غربی و شرقی، مازندران، گیلان، اصفهان و خوزستان) جمعآوری گردید. تعداد 48 جدایه از جنسهای Exserohilum (26 جدایه) و Pyrenophora (22 جدایه) از گونههای مختلف گیاهی جداسازی گردید. جدایهها براساس ویژگیهای ریختشناختی و توالییابی ناحیه rDNA ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 و ژن GPDH (Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphatedehydrogenase) شناسایی شدند. براساس دادههای ریختشناختی و مولکولی، چهار گونه از جنس Exserohilum شامل E. monoceras (سه جدایه)، E. oryzicola (پنج جدایه)، E. rostratum (12 جدایه)، E. turcicum (شش جدایه) و سه گونه از جنس Pyrenophora شامل P. graminea (19 جدایه)، P.dictyoides (یک جدایه) و P. lolii (دو جدایه) شناسایی شدند. گزارش گونه E. oryzicola برای مایکوبویتای ایران جدید میباشد. شرح کامل به همراه تصاویر برای گونه جدید و همچنین میزبانهای جدید برای دو گونه E. rostratumوP. loliiمعرفی میگردد.
- چکیده انگلیسی: In a taxonomic study of Exserohilum and Pyrenophora species in Iran, infected plant materials were obtained from different provinces (West and East Azerbaijan, Guilan, Mazandaran, Isfahan and Khuzestan), during the years 2013–16.
A total number of fourty eight isolates including 26 Exserohilum and 22 Pyrenophora isolates were obtained from various plants. The internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region and GPDH (Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase) gene were amplified and sequenced for representative isolates. Based on a combination of morphological characteristics and sequence data, six species of Exserohilum viz., E. monoceras (three isolates), E. oryzicola (five isolates), E. rostratum (12 isolates), E. turcicum (six isolates),and Pyrenophora viz.,
P. dictyoides (one isolate) P. graminea (19 isolates), and P. lolii (two isolates) were identified. Among the species, E. oryzicola is new species for the mycobiota of Iran. Full description and illustration for the new species are provided herewith. New hosts are also reported for E. rostratum,and P. lolii.
- انتشار مقاله: 26-01-1399
- نویسندگان: Zeinab Heidarian,Mahdi Arzanlou,Abdollah Ahmadpour
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Rostaniha
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: phylogeny,morphology,Taxonomy,ITS,GPDH
- چکیده: در راستای تاکسونومی گونههای جنسهای Exserohilum و Pyrenophora، نمونههای برگی آلوده گیاهی طی سالهای 94-1392 از استانهای مختلف کشور (آذربایجان غربی و شرقی، مازندران، گیلان، اصفهان و خوزستان) جمعآوری گردید. تعداد 48 جدایه از جنسهای Exserohilum (26 جدایه) و Pyrenophora (22 جدایه) از گونههای مختلف گیاهی جداسازی گردید. جدایهها براساس ویژگیهای ریختشناختی و توالییابی ناحیه rDNA ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 و ژن GPDH (Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphatedehydrogenase) شناسایی شدند. براساس دادههای ریختشناختی و مولکولی، چهار گونه از جنس Exserohilum شامل E. monoceras (سه جدایه)، E. oryzicola (پنج جدایه)، E. rostratum (12 جدایه)، E. turcicum (شش جدایه) و سه گونه از جنس Pyrenophora شامل P. graminea (19 جدایه)، P.dictyoides (یک جدایه) و P. lolii (دو جدایه) شناسایی شدند. گزارش گونه E. oryzicola برای مایکوبویتای ایران جدید میباشد. شرح کامل به همراه تصاویر برای گونه جدید و همچنین میزبانهای جدید برای دو گونه E. rostratumوP. loliiمعرفی میگردد.
- چکیده انگلیسی: In a taxonomic study of Exserohilum and Pyrenophora species in Iran, infected plant materials were obtained from different provinces (West and East Azerbaijan, Guilan, Mazandaran, Isfahan and Khuzestan), during the years 2013–16.
A total number of fourty eight isolates including 26 Exserohilum and 22 Pyrenophora isolates were obtained from various plants. The internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region and GPDH (Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase) gene were amplified and sequenced for representative isolates. Based on a combination of morphological characteristics and sequence data, six species of Exserohilum viz., E. monoceras (three isolates), E. oryzicola (five isolates), E. rostratum (12 isolates), E. turcicum (six isolates),and Pyrenophora viz.,
P. dictyoides (one isolate) P. graminea (19 isolates), and P. lolii (two isolates) were identified. Among the species, E. oryzicola is new species for the mycobiota of Iran. Full description and illustration for the new species are provided herewith. New hosts are also reported for E. rostratum,and P. lolii.
- انتشار مقاله: 26-01-1399
- نویسندگان: Zeinab Heidarian,Mahdi Arzanlou,Abdollah Ahmadpour
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Journal of Midwifery and Reproductive Health
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: qualitative research,High-risk pregnancy,Bed rest
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background & aim: pregnancy is a normal part of life, however, high-risk pregnancy that need bed rest can be stressful and affect woman and her family. Therefore, understanding the needs of women on bed rest seems to be necessary to enhance the quality of care services. The present study was conducted to investigate the women's needs on bed rest during high-risk pregnancy and postpartum period.
Methods: This qualitative study was performed among women with high-risk pregnancy using purposeful sampling method. Data were collected by conducting 31 semi-structured interviews with 21 pregnant women, 10 spouses, and 7 medical staff involved in their healthcare. Data analysis was carried out using conventional content analysis developed by Hsieh and Shannon.
Results: According to the results, there were four main categories of needs entailing the need for psychosocial support, support for family and personal affairs, support for looking after children, and the need for economic support. The final category was the need for comprehensive support.
Conclusion: The personal and family life of pregnant women is affected during bed rest. Accordingly, comprehensive support is needed to enable women to cope with these problems. To reach this goal, the provision of family-centered support services based on coordination among health sections, supporting organizations, charities, social workers, and systems providing psychological and consultation services are recommended.- انتشار مقاله: 12-09-1396
- نویسندگان: Moghgan Janighorban,Zeinab Heidari,Azam Dadkhah,Fatemeh Mohammadi
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Journal of Midwifery and Reproductive Health
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Students,nursing,attitude,Knowledge,Midwifery,Natural Childbirth,Cesarean section
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background: Cesarean section (CS) rates have been increasing steadily, worldwide. The knowledge and attitude of health professionals towards natural childbirth and CS are important factors in selecting a mode of delivery. The purpose of this study was to determine the knowledge and attitude of midwifery and nursing students towards different modes of delivery.
Methods:In this descriptive, analytical study, 73 junior students of nursing and midwifery from Isfahan School of Nursing and Midwifery were selected via census sampling. Data were collected using a questionnaire. For statistical analysis, student’s t-test, Mann-Whitney and Pearson’ correlation coefficient were performed, using SPSS version 18.
Results: The results showed that the 74.20% of midwifery students had a high level of knowledge about natural childbirth and the majority of nursing students had moderate (52.40%) and high (40.5%) levels of knowledge about natural childbirth. Moreover, the 80.60% of midwifery students and 28.6% of nursing students had a high level of knowledge about CS. Also, 97% of midwifery students and 78.6% of nursing students had a positive attitude towards natural childbirth. Moreover the 93.5% of midwifery students had neutral attitude about CS, while 6.5% had a negative attitude towards CS. Also, 5% of nursing students had a positive attitude towards CS, while 95% had neutral attitude about CS.
Conclusion: The majority of midwifery and nursing students in answer to questions about attitude towards CS, expressed neutral attitude. Therefore, it is important to discourage positive attitudes towards elective CS while training nursing and midwifery students.- انتشار مقاله: 08-04-1394
- نویسندگان: Zeinab Heidari,Shahnaz Kohan
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: International Journal of Pediatrics
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: adolescents,Health literacy,Media literacy
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background: Today, most of the information related to the health system is provided by the mass media. Learning about health issues requires understanding and recognizing their influence on health behavior and critical analysis of media content by the target audience, especially the most frequent and the most vulnerable one, adolescents. We aimed to determine the relationship between media literacy and health literacy in adolescents.
Materials and Methods: In this descriptive-analytical study, 217 students in the first year of high school, eligible for inclusion in the study, were randomly selected from six districts of education in Isfahan and completed the media literacy and the health literacy Measure for Adolescents questionnaires. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 16.0.
Results: The mean score of media literacy and health literacy in adolescents was 70.26 ± 9.88 (total score= 100) and 152.20 ± 25.78 (total score= 205), respectively. Among the dimensions of media literacy, the two dimensions of media message content perception (15.07 out of 20), and conscious choice of media messages (15.08 out of 20) had the highest mean score and the dimension of media message analysis (12.44 out of 20) had the lowest one. The multiple linear regression model showed that among the media literacy dimensions, the best predictors for health literacy scores were the two dimensions of media message content perception and awareness of the hidden purposes of media messages.
Conclusion
The results of the present study showed that there was a direct correlation between the media literacy with the health literacy and all of its dimensions except for the critical look at media messages.- انتشار مقاله: 12-08-1398
- نویسندگان: Forouzan SotoudehRad,Abbas Taghizadeh,Zeinab Heidari,Mahrokh Keshvari
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: International Journal of Pediatrics
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Support,Qualitative study,Experiences,Breastfeeding
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background
The positive effect of breastfeeding on the health of the mother, child and community has been globally accepted, but the rate of breastfeeding is still not at an acceptable level. Breastfeeding support can greatly influence the continuity and success of breastfeeding. This qualitative study aimed to explain the Iranian women’s experiences of breastfeeding support.
Materials and Methods
This study was designed as a qualitative content analysis. The participants were selected purposefully, and 33 semi-structured interviews were conducted with 18 mothers with breastfeeding experience, 5 key family members (3 grandmothers and 2 husbands) and 10 providers of breastfeeding services. Data were analyzed by using five-step method of Hsieh and Shannon content analysis, simultaneously with data collection.
Results
The results of the analysis of the participants’ description and experiences revealed four major categories: spousal support for breastfeeding, family support for breastfeeding, health professionals’ support for breastfeeding and community support for breastfeeding, which indicated the dimensions of breastfeeding support.
Conclusion
In participants’ experiences, spousal support and family support for breastfeeding had key role in the success of breastfeeding and made the mothers more encouraged to initiate and continue breastfeeding. Further, the participants attributed the success of breastfeeding to receiving adequate knowledge and skill for breastfeeding from the healthcare system. From their perspective, community support for breastfeeding, especially among the working women played a pivotal role in the continuity of breastfeeding.- انتشار مقاله: 01-06-1395
- نویسندگان: Shahnaz Kohan,Zeinab Heidari,Mahrokh Keshvari
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: International Journal of Pediatrics
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: children,Barriers,qualitative research,Breastfeeding,mothers
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background: Breast milk is an ideal source of nutrition for growth and development of infants and has unique physiologic and emotional impacts on the health of mothers and infants. However, a few numbers of infants get exclusive breast milk and therefore, it is necessary to identify barriers to breastfeeding. The purpose of the present qualitative research was to explore challenges and barriers to breastfeeding promotion.
Materials and Methods: Fourteen nursing mothers, four key family members (grandmothers and husbands) and six personnel who provided breastfeeding counseling services participated in semi-structured individual interviews. Interviews were recorded and transcribed and then analyzed by means of conventional content analysis method.
Results: Three main categories "incompetency of breastfeeding services", "mother’s inadequate breastfeeding self-efficacy" and "family’s neglect to breast milk" were emerged; that reflected participants’ experiences of barriers to breastfeeding promotion.
Conclusion: Participants believed that the healthcare system had the greatest portion in breastfeeding promotion and inadequate performance of baby friendly hospital, failure of prenatal centers in teaching skills to mothers and families, and inadequate support for mother after delivery had caused breastfeeding damage. They also stated that mother’s breastfeeding self-efficacy and family’s help and support of breastfeeding had a significant role in breastfeeding promotion. To overcome the barriers to breastfeeding promotion, it is suggested that besides reforming existing plans according to identified barriers in this research, supportive and educational programs should be provided for all individuals involved in breastfeeding including mothers, families and health workers.- انتشار مقاله: 21-01-1395
- نویسندگان: Zeinab Heidari,Mahrokh Keshvari,Shahnaz Kohan
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: International Journal of Pediatrics
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Educational program,Breast-feeding,Family- centered
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background: Mothers’ empowerment in breast-feeding is a key motivational and psychological factor for continuous breast-feeding. Therefore, this study was designed to examine the effects of family-centered educational-supportive program on mothers’ empowerment in breastfeeding. Materials and Methods: In this random clinical trial, pregnant women who met inclusion criteria were gradually selected and randomly put into a control and an intervention group. For the intervention group, two 2-hour educational breastfeeding sessions were held for each pregnant woman along with her key family members and breastfeeding training manual and software were given to them; then mothers and family members attended a breastfeeding counseling session one week after delivery. The control group received routine education. Mothers’ empowerment was assessed by a researcher-made questionnaire two weeks after delivery. Results: Thirty-five mothers were in the intervention group and 35 were in the control group. The mean of the total score of breast-feeding empowerment and its seven areas in the intervention group was significantly higher than that of the control group. Moreover, exclusive breast-feeding was also significantly higher in the intervention group (P<0.05). Conclusion: Results showed that family- centered education during pregnancy and post-delivery counseling and support could promote mothers’ empowerment in breast-feeding and exclusive breast-feeding. It is therefore necessary for breast-feeding promotion to begin training of mothers and their families during pregnancy period while focusing on the importance of breast-feeding and to teach breast-feeding skills and family support after delivery and resolve related problems in collaboration with key family members.
- انتشار مقاله: 01-12-1394
- نویسندگان: Zeinab Heidari,Mahrokh Keshvari,Shahnaz Kohan
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: International Journal of Pediatrics
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Women,qualitative research,Breastfeeding
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background
Exclusive breastfeeding for the first six months and continued breastfeeding up to 2 years or more is a desirable approach for infant’s nutrition. A mother's breastfeeding empowerment is considered an important factor in promoting breastfeeding and identifying its facilitating factors can contribute to the development of effective policies and intervention. This study with a qualitative approach carried out aiming to exploring the facilitators for women’s empowerment in breastfeeding.
Material and Methods
This study conducted by content analysis method. Thirty-four semi-structured individual interviews with 20 mothers having breastfeeding experience, 4 key family members, and 10 personnel involved in breastfeeding services were carried out. Data analysis was simultaneously performed with data collection.
Results
Three main categories of "Health system factors", "Family and personal factors" and "Social and cultural factors" were extracted from the participants' explanations, indicating the dimensions of facilitators for empowering women in breastfeeding.
Conclusion
Participants regarded the acquisition of breastfeeding skills in hospitals and breastfeeding counseling in health centers as important factors in facilitating their empowerment to early initiation of breastfeeding and its continuity. Further analysis showed "a mother's decision to breastfeed" along with her understanding of "positive attitude and her husband and family's participation in breastfeeding" boosts the breastfeeding ability and the support of the community through "positive cultural belief in breastfeeding" and" public education and information" provides an appropriate ground for the continuity of breastfeeding. In order to improve breastfeeding, a comprehensive planning with regard to women's empowerment in breastfeeding should be considered.- انتشار مقاله: 03-11-1394
- نویسندگان: Shahnaz Kohan,Zeinab Heidari,Mahrokh Keshvari
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Factor analysis,Breast cancer,Diet,Food,nutrients
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Objective: To explore the role of nutrient patterns in the etiology of breast cancer (BCa) among Iranian women.
Methods: The study included 134 newly diagnosed cases of BCa and 267 hospitalized controls. A validated
semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) was used to assess dietary intake. Nutrient patterns were obtained
using principal component analysis using Varimax rotation and logistic regression was performed to estimate breast
cancer risk. Results: We identified 4 major nutrient patterns. First was high in consumption of vitamins B1, B2, B3, B5,
B6, B9, C, magnesium, iron, carbohydrate, fiber, selenium, zinc, protein, potassium, and calcium. The second nutrient
pattern included Vitamins B12, A and cholesterol, while the third featured vitamin D, EPA and DHA. The fourth was
characterized by vitamin E, MUFA and saturated fatty acids. After adjusting for age, patterns 1 and 3 were associated
with a lower risk of BCa (OR=0.51, 95% CI: 0.33- 0.80, P=0.003, OR=0.64, 95% CI: 0.42- 0.98, P= 0.04 respectively).
However, after further adjustment for all confounders in multivariate analysis, the association remained significant only
for pattern 1 (OR=0.52, 95% CI: 0.32- 0.82, P=0.006). Conclusion: Adherence to a nutrient pattern rich in vitamin B,
minerals and fiber is associated with a lower risk of breast cancer.- انتشار مقاله: 10-02-1397
- نویسندگان: Samira Sadat Fereidani,Hasan Eini-Zinab,Zeinab Heidari,Saba Jalali,Fatemeh Sedaghat,Bahram Rashidkhani
- مشاهده