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کاربرد نوع شرط:
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Nursing and Midwifery Studies
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: nursing,Education,Instrumentation,Baccalaureate,Reference Standards
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) are one of the most common types of exams used in evaluation of students in any educational setting. The question items making up these exams need to be examined if they are to meaningfully contribute to the student scores. Such characteristics are amenable to examination by item analysis. Objectives The purpose of this research was to examine the quality of MCQs used in Nursing and Midwifery Faculty and to compare the results with the other faculties in Kashan University of Medical Science in the academic year 2008-2009. Materials and Methods In this cross-sectional study, 101 multiple-choice exams were randomly chosen for the study, and 37 exams were selected from the faculty of nursing and midwifery. The difficulty, discrimination indices and Cronbach’s Alpha were calculated for every exam and then mean values for each index were calculated by LERTAL 5.0 software purchased from Assessment Systems Corporation of the United States. Results A total of 7062 MCQs in the university and 1793 items in the faculty of nursing and midwifery presented to the students by different instructors were analyzed. The average of difficulty index of the faculty of nursing was 0.5. The discrimination index was 0.36, and the average of Alpha-Cronbach was 0.82 in the faculty of nursing. All the values were significantly better in the faculty of nursing and midwifery compared to the rest of the university. Conclusions The difficulty index, the discrimination index and the Alpha-Cronbach values in the faculty of nursing were within the acceptable range recommended by experts in the field of educational measurement. However, some of the tests had values less than the recommended.
- انتشار مقاله: 11-10-1348
- نویسندگان: Mansour Sayyah,Zarichehr Vakili,Negin Masoudi Alavi,Manzardokht Bigdeli,Alireza Soleymani,Mohammad Assarian,Zohreh Azarbad
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Iranian Journal of Pathology
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: children,magnesium,zinc,Febrile convulsion
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background and Objectives: Febrile convulsion is one of the most common types of seizure in childhood. Its pathogenesis is unknown, so studying its cause is valuable. The purpose of this study was to determine the serum level of zinc and magnesium in children withfebrileconvulsion (F.C) (3 months to 6 years age). Patients and Methods: In this analytical case-control study, serum level of zinc and magnesium in 60 children with F.C in Shahid Beheshty Hospital of Kashan, center of Iran, was determined. The control group was composed of febrile children with no seizure. All children in both groups were 3 months to 6 yr of age and had not any background of disorders. Serum level of zinc & magnesium was determined by biochemical methods in all groups. Finally, the data were analyzed by SPSS and t test. Results: The mean serum level of zinc and magnesium in case group, was lower than that of zinc & magnesium in control group (P<0.05). There was no relationship between sex, type and time of seizure with serum level of zinc or magnesium in children in case group. Conclusion: There was a relationship between serum level of zinc & magnesium and the presence of F.C in children. So, it is suggested to use supplements of zinc and magnesium in diet of affected children for prophylaxis of febrile seizure recurrences.
- انتشار مقاله: 06-07-1393
- نویسندگان: Ahmad Talebian,Zarichehr Vakili,Safar Ali Talar,Seyede Mahbobeh Kazemi,Gholam Abbas Mousavi
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Angiogenesis,Glioblastoma Multiforme,Nestin,Micro vascular density
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Introduction: Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a grade IV glioma and accounts for 15% of all primary brain tumors. This GBM has a median survival range of less than 2 years after diagnosis and it is highly vascularized by neoformed vessels. Neoangiogenesis is a crucial factor in the malignant tumoral behavior and prognosis of patients and Nestin protein belongs to class VI which is expressed in endothelial cells of neoformed vessels in GBM. Our study shows the correlation between EGFR mutation and Nestin expression in endothelial of neoformed vessels in GBM. Methods: We analyzed 40 GBM samples by immunohistochemistry staining. The immunohistochemical expression of EGFR in tumoral cells and Nestin in endothelial cells in paraffin sections were analyzed. EGFR scoring was the based on staining intensity. Score 0 shows No staining, Score1, mild to moderate staining and score2 sever staining. Microvascular density (MVD) was evaluated with Nestin-immunoreactive. Results: The mean of MVD was 14.6 ±8.25. Nestin-MVD was significantly higher in GBM with sever vascular prolifration (p-value=0.01). EGFR was expressed in 92.5% of samples. The EGFR scoring for tumoral tissue was 7.5%(score:0), 22.5% (score:1) and 70% (score:2). There was a significant relationship between EGFR expression and MVD (p-value=0.017). Conclusion: We suggest that some important mutations as like as EGFR in GBM is responsible for inducing angiogenesis and vascular proliferation. Nestin overexpression as a novel marker might reflect the extent of neoangiogenesis, thus target therapy against EGFR pathway and anti angiogenic may be useful for GBM treatment.
- انتشار مقاله: 05-11-1398
- نویسندگان: Amir Hassan Matini,Mohadeseh Mofidi Naeini,Hamed Haddad Kashani,Zarichehr Vakili
- مشاهده