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کاربرد نوع شرط:
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی:
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Liver is a major organ of the body which can be exposed to various chemicals, drugs, and many other xenobiotics such as bromobenzene. Bromobenzene must be converted to its active metabolites to produce liver and kidney toxicity. Livergol is an herbal product which contains silymarin. The objective of this study was to find out the protective effect of livergol against liver toxicity induced by bromobenzene in mice. In this study, doses: 50, 100, 200, 300 mg/kg of livergol were administrated to mice orally 2 hours after bromobenzene(460 mg/kg) administration for 7 days (test groups). The negative control group received normal saline. The positive control group received 460 mg/kg of bromobenzene orally. 24 hours after the last administration animals were sacrificed; their blood was collected to determine serum enzyme activities of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) , alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP). The livers were removed for histological examination.The results showed that livergol at doses 200 and 300 mg/kg cause significant reduction in the level of enzymes (p > 0.05). The histopathological study of liver tissues showed that doses of 200 and 300 mg/kg are more effectively restore tissue damage to the normal state. Our finding indicated that livergol in the high doses (200 and 300 mg/kg) have protective effects and cause significant improvement in the liver tissue and biochemical markers in bromobenzene intoxicated mice.
- انتشار مقاله: 26-05-1394
- نویسندگان: Heibatullah Kalantari,Iran Rashidi,Zahra Nazari,Atefe Keliddar,Hossein Foruozandeh,Mojtaba Kalantar
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Vitamin E,Bleomycin,Pulmonary Fibrosis,Grape Seed
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Many studies have been performed for treatment or prevention of pulmonary fibrosis. However, no effective treatment has been found yet. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of grape seed extract on bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis in rat. Hydroalcoholic extract of grape seed (Vitis vinifera) was prepared using maceration method. NMRI rats weighing 250-300 g were given single intratracheal instillation of bleomycin (7.5 IU/kg=5 mg/kg) or saline. The experimental groups were treated with a single dose of bleomycin followed by different doses of oral grape seed extract (100, 200, 400 mg/kg/day) or vitamin E (20 IU/kg) for two weeks, and then the animals were sacrificed and lungs were removed for histology and biochemical investigation. Histopathological examination of bleomycin-treated animals showed that bleomycin caused marked alveolar thickening associated with fibroblasts and myofibroblasts proliferation and collagen production in interstitial tissue leading to pulmonary fibrosis. Administration of grape seed extract reduced fibrotic damages in lung tissue in a dose-dependent manner. The effect of grape seed was comparable to that of vitamin E. Collagen and hydroxyproline contents of lung tissue were determined using spectrophotometric method. Lung weight, hydroxyproline and collagen amounts in bleomycin treated animals were significantly higher than in normal, vitamin E and grape seed treated groups. From this study, it can be concluded that grape seed extract may be able to diminish the fibrogenic effects of bleomycin on lung. This effect of grape seed can be attributed to active ingredients of the plant with anti-oxidant properties.
- انتشار مقاله: 02-09-1384
- نویسندگان: Ali Asghar Hemmati,Nasrin Aghel,Zahra Nazari,Babak Mohammadian,Neda Hasanvand
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Rats,Heart,Gestational diabetes,Hypertrophic genes Offspring
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Objective(s): Gestational diabetes increases the risk of congenital heart disease in the offspring, but the molecular mechanism underlying this process remains unclear. Therefore, the current study was conducted to assess the effects of induced gestational diabetes on expression of some involved genes in cardiac hypertrophy in the offspring of diabetic rats.
Materials and Methods: Diabetes was induced in 40 adult Wistar rats by intraperitoneal injection of 45 mg/kg of streptozotocin. The day of appearance of the vaginal plug was assumed as day zero of gestation for inducing diabetes. After pregnancy, the offspring was maintained until they reach the age of 12 weeks. Then, their hearts were excised and were sectioned for molecular study. We analyzed the expression pattern of some hypertrophic genes by the quantitative real-time RT-PCR.
Results: The mRNA expression levels of all studied genes including c-jun, c-fos, c-myc, alpha-myosin heavy chain (α-MHC), atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) and β-MHC, which are important in cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, were higher in the offspring of the diabetic group compared to controls. Significant differences were found for β-MHC and c-myc with PConclusion: Gestational diabetes upregulates expression of c-jun, c-fos c-myc, α-MHC, ANF and β-MHC genes that are involved in cardiac hypertrophy in the offspring of diabetic rats.- انتشار مقاله: 01-05-1396
- نویسندگان: Elia Saragard Kermani,Zahra Nazari,Mehdi Mehdizadeh,Majid Shahbazi,Mohammad Jafar Golalipour
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Gene expression,Gestational Diabetes Mellitus,Langerhans islets,Offspring
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Objective(s): The link between a hyperglycemic intrauterine environment and the development of diabetes later in life has been observed in offspring exposed to gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), but the underlying mechanisms for this phenomenon are still not clear. Reduced β-cells mass is a determinant in the development of diabetes (type 1 and type 2 diabetes). Some recent studies have provided evidence that the CDK4-pRB-E2F1 regulatory pathway is involved in β-cells proliferation. Therefore, we postulated that GDM exposure impacts the offspring’s β-cells by disruption in the CDK4-pRB-E2F1 pathway.
Materials and Methods: Adult Wistar rats were randomly allocated in control and diabetic group. The experimental group received 40 mg/kg/body weight of streptozotocin (STZ) on day zero of gestation. After delivery, diabetic offspring of GDM mothers and control dams at the age of 15 week were randomly scarified and pancreases were harvested. Langerhans islets of diabetic and control groups were digested by collagenase digestion technique. After RNA extraction, we investigated the expressions of the kir 6.2 and CDK4-pRB-E2F1 pathway genes by quantitative real-time PCR.
Results: GDM reduced the expression of CDK4-pRB-E2F1 pathway genes in Langerhans islets cells of offspring. CDK4, pRB and E2F1 pathway genes were downregulated in diabetic islets by 51%, 35% and 84%, respectively. Also, the expression of Kir 6.2 was significantly decreased in diabetic islets by 88%.
Conclusion: We suggest that the effect of gestational diabetes on offspring’s β-cells may be primarily caused by the suppression of CDK4-pRB-E2F1 pathway.- انتشار مقاله: 12-11-1395
- نویسندگان: Zahra Nazari,Mohammad Nabiuni,Mohsen Saeidi,Mohammad Jafar Golalipour
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: International Journal of Web Research
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Internet of Things,Quality of service,Load Balancing,Service composition,multi-cloud environment
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Devices that are connected on the internet and are exchanging data with internet brokers to receive requested services are a significant part of internet users. In order to manage and account well to IoT requests maximum processing power, speed in data transfer, and proper combining services in minimum time is needed. Since there is a large number of IoT devices which have a large scale, we have to use the abilities and services of cloud environment in order to solve its problems. So, service composition in a cloud environment is paid attention recently. We want to suggest an algorithm with the approach in this research, of improving factors propounded in the service composition problem like the number of clouds involved in service, number of services examined before responding to users’ requests SP and load balance between clouds. In this paper, the factor, similarity measure, is introduced and used to find the best cloud and composition plan in each phase which in addition to improving QoS metrics propounded in previous papers, it caused improving QoS metric of load balancing between clouds, prevention of formation of a bottleneck in clouds entrance. These changes, besides the proper load balancing, have avoided the clouds stop working suddenly and satisfied the users by presenting the services faster.
- انتشار مقاله: 20-01-1398
- نویسندگان: Zahra Nazari,Ali Kamandi,Mahmood Shabankhah
- مشاهده