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کاربرد نوع شرط:
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Administration,Medication Error,Preparation,Clinical pharmacist,Intravenous drugs
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of medication errors happened during the preparation and administration of intravenous (IV) drugs. This study was designed as prospective cross-sectional evaluations by direct unconcealed observation in a setting consisted of orthopedic, general surgery and gastroenterology wards of a teaching hospital. Participants were those patients hospitalized in these wards along with nurses responsible for preparation and administration of IV medications. Medication errors occurred in the process of preparation and administration of IV drugs, were recorded by a pharmacist. The frequency of medication errors with suggesting a solution to overcome was the main outcome of this study. Details of the preparation and administration stages of the observed drugs were compared to an instructed checklist prepared by an expert clinical pharmacist. From a total of 357 preparation and administration episodes, the most common type of error (%20.6) was the injection of bolus doses and infusion faster than the recommended rate. Metronidazole had the highest rate of error (%24.3). IV rounds conducted at 12 p.m. had the most rate of error (%26.3). Errors happened in the administration process were more prevalent than those in the preparation. No significant correlation was found between the frequency of errors and nurses’ demographic data. This study revealed that the errors happened in the preparation and administration of IV drugs is prevalent. Improving the medication safety by the implementation of clinical pharmacists’ prepared protocols at the point of care is an important concern.
- انتشار مقاله: 26-08-1390
- نویسندگان: Mohammad Abbasinazari,Azita Hajhossein Talasaz,Zahra Mousavi,Samaneh Zare Toranposhti
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: essential oil,Rat,Mice,toxicity,Mentha,Mentha mozaffarianii
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background: Mentha mozaffarianii, an endemic species from the Labiatae family, is used in Iranian traditional medicine. This study evaluated the acute and repeated oral toxicity of the Mentha mozaffarianii essential oil (MMEO) in rats and mice. Methods: To assess the toxicity profile of the MMEO, we administered the essential oil to 48 rats and mice of both sexes by gavage in acute and repeated models. In acute toxicity, the animals were administered the MMEO (2000 mg/kg) and were monitored for 14 days. In the repeated toxicity, the MMEO was administered (100 mg/kg) daily for 4 weeks. On the 28th day, all the animals were scarified and blood and tissue samples were prepared. All the clinical, biochemical, and histopathological changes were assessed and compared with those in the controls. Statistical significance was determined by one- and two-way analyses of variance, followed by the Tukey test using GraphPad Prism 6. Results: In the acute test, there was no mortality; therefore, the oral LD50 value determined in the mice and rats of both sexes was greater than 2000 mg/kg. In the repeated test, the animals received the MMEO and there was no mortality. In the biochemical analysis, there were significant increases in blood glucose, cholesterol, ALT, AST, ALP, and TSH in the female rats and also in BUN in the male rats. The histopathological studies revealed evidence of microscopic lesions in the liver, kidney, stomach, and small intestine tissues of the MMEO group. Conclusion: The results indicated that the acute toxicity of the MMEO in the mice and rats was of a low order and it revealed slight tissue damage to several organs when given subchronically at a dose of 100 mg/kg.
- انتشار مقاله: 26-11-1395
- نویسندگان: Dorsa Daneshbakhsh,Jinous Asgarpanah,Parvaneh Najafizadeh,Tayebeh Rastegar,Zahra Mousavi
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Nanoparticles,Cholesterol,MnO2,Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring,Triglycerides
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background: The use of nanotechnology has led to rapid growth in various areas. Thus, health and safety issues of nanoparticles (NPs) should be promptly addressed. Manganese oxide (MnO2) nanoparticles (NPs) are typically used for biomedical and industrial applications. However, characterizing the potential human health effects of MnO2 NPs is required before fully exploiting these materials. The aim of this study was to investigate the toxicity of MnO2 micro- and nanoparticles on blood glucose level and lipid profile in male Wistar rats. Methods: A total of 105 rats were divided into one control and two experimental groups. Each experimental group received a single subcutaneous injection of MnO2 micro- and nanoparticles (100 μg/kg), respectively, every two weeks for 14 weeks. Their blood glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL, and HDL levels were then measured. The data presented as mean±SEM and compared with the repeated measures using the Prism statistical software (version 6.0).Results: Biochemical assessment in plasma samples showed that MnO2 micro- and nanoparticles injection significantly (P<0.01) increased the plasma glucose and cholesterol levels in all and few weeks, respectively. MnO2 nanoparticles significantly (P<0.01) decreased the HDL level in weeks 6, 12, and 14, but MnO2 microparticles decreased the HDL level only in week 12. In both MnO2 micro- and nanoparticles groups, LDL alterations were near to the control group, except for week 10. However, the same treatment had no effect on triglycerides concentrations compared to the control group.Conclusion: Our results show that exposure to nanosized particles at subchronic doses caused adverse changes in animal biochemical profiles, especially in glucose level. It seems that the high oxidative power of these particles is the main reason for these disturbances.
- انتشار مقاله: 23-12-1393
- نویسندگان: Zahra Mousavi,Majid Hassanpourezatti,Parvaneh Najafizadeh,Shiva Rezagholian,Mohammad Safi Rhamanifar,Nahid Nosrati
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: essential oil,Rat,Mice,Anti-inflammatory Antinociceptive,Pycnocycla bashagardiana Mozaff
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Objective(s): Pycnocycla bashagardiana is an endemic species found only in Iran. Due to the presence of myristicin as the major component of the fruit’s oil we were prompted to assess the antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory properties of P. bashagardiana fruit’s essential oil (PBFEO).
Materials and Methods: The analgesic activities of PBFEO (100, 200, and 400 mg/kg, IP) were studied by hot-plate and formalin tests in mice. Control and standard groups received vehicle and morphine (5 mg/kg, IP), respectively. The acute anti-inflammatory effect of PBFEO (200 and 400 mg/kg, IP) were assessed by carrageenan-induced paw edema method in 30 min, 1, 2, 3, and 4 hr after carrageenan injection and the chronic anti-inflammatory effect of PBFEO (50 and 100 mg/kg, IP) were assessed by the cotton pellet-induced granuloma method in rats.
Results: In hot-plate and formalin tests, the studied doses of PBFEO were not effective. However, in carrageenan test, all studied doses ofPBFEO significantly reduced the paw edema in comparison to the control animals (P<0.05). Anti-inflammatory activity of PBFEO(200 and 400 mg/kg, P<0.05) was found to be more than mefenamic acid (30 mg/kg). In cotton pellet-induced granuloma, PBFEO was also effective regarding the transudate and granuloma formation amount. PBFEO was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and 12 constituents, representing 96.0% of the oil, were identified. The major component of the oil was characterized as myristicin which might be responsible for the anti-inflammatory activity.
Conclusion: The results suggest that PBFEOpossesses biologically active constituents that have significant peripheral anti-inflammatory effects.- انتشار مقاله: 01-10-1395
- نویسندگان: Fatemeh Jahandar,Jinous Asgarpanah,Parvaneh Najafizadeh,Zahra Mousavi
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Mice,Antidepressant-like effect,Tail suspension test,Carthamus tinctorius L,Monoaminergic system
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Objective(s): Studies indicate that major deficiency in the levels of monoaminergic transmitters is a reason for severe depression. On the other hand, it is shown that Carthamus tinctorius L. (CT) may improve neuropsychological injuries by regulation of the monoamine transporter action. Hence, the present study was undertaken to evaluate the involvement of monoaminergic systems in antidepressant-like effect of CT extract in the tail suspension test (TST) in mice.
Materials and Methods: The mice were intraperitoneally (IP) treated with CT extract (100–400 mg/kg) 1hr before the TST. To investigate the involvement of monoaminergic systems in antidepressant-like effect, the mice were treated with receptor antagonists 15 min before CT extract treatment (400 mg/kg, IP) and 1hr before the TST.
Results: Findings showed that CT extract (100–400 mg/kg, IP), dose-dependently induced antidepressant-like effect (P<0.001), but it was not accompanied by alterations in spontaneous locomotor activity in the open-field test. Pretreatment of mice with SCH23390, sulpiride, haloperidol, WAY100135, cyproheptadine, ketanserin and p-chlorophenylalanine (PCPA) inhibited the antidepressant-like effect of CT extract (400 mg/kg, IP), but not with prazosin and yohimbine. Co-administration of CT extract (100 mg/kg, IP) with sub-effective doses of fluoxetine (5 mg/kg, IP) or imipramine (5 mg/kg, IP) increased their antidepressant-like response.
Conclusion: Our findings firstly showed that components (especially N-Hexadecanoic acid) of CT extract induce antidepressant-like effects by interaction with dopaminergic (D1 and D2) and serotonergic (5HT1A, 5-HT2A receptors) systems. These findings validate the folk use of CT extract for the management of depression.- انتشار مقاله: 10-06-1396
- نویسندگان: Saeid Abbasi-Maleki,Zahra Mousavi
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Iranian Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Adsorption,Separation,Kinetic study,CMS
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: In this study, two Carbon Molecular Sieves using Pistachio shell (CMS P) and Walnut shell (CMS W) were prepared by a chemical vapor deposition method and used for pressure swing adsorption and separation of CO/H2 and CO/CH4. Adsorption isotherms of gases obtained for both CMS’s. The Dubinin-Radushkevich isotherm model was used for comparing pore volume of CMS’s. The obtained isotherms for both CMS were compared with Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms. It was observed that Freundlich equation can better correlate the experimental data. The adsorption capacity of each CMS and selectivity of them for separation of CO/H2 and CO/CH4 were obtained with the aid of kinetic studies. In comparison with CMS W, CMS P showed higher adsorption capacity values for gases, but lower selectivity for separation of them. Finally by fitting experimental data to a pseudo second-order equation, adsorption capacities at equilibrium
were obtained for abovementioned gases on both CMS’s.- انتشار مقاله: 10-05-1396
- نویسندگان: Zahra Mousavi,Hamid Reza Bozorgzadeh
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: International Journal of Pediatrics
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Kawasaki disease,Coronary artery aneurysm,giant thrombosis
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background
Kawasaki disease (KD) also known as mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome is the febrile and self-limited vasculitis that occurs in children of all ages, especially younger than five years of age. Here, we describe a case of Kawasaki disease with coronary artery aneurysm and a big clot in LV with a diameter of 1.5 cm.
Case Presentation
In February 2019, a 10-month-old boy with a complaint of weakness and lethargy was referred to Imam Reza hospital in Mashhad (Iran). The patient has had coughs with no response to drug treatment for the past four months. Gallop rhythm was present in heart auscultation. Hepatomegaly was observed in physical examination. No lymphadenopathy was seen, but scalded skin was observed. On the second day of hospitalization in our center, he developed non-purulent bilateral conjunctivitis, strawberry tongue, and maculopapular rashes on the body and distal parts of the limbs. Echocardiography showed dilation of the heart chamber, blood clot in the left ventricle (LV) with the size of 1.5 cm, moderate to severe tricuspid regurgitation (TR), giant aneurysm (0.8 cm) in the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD), right coronary artery (RCA) aneurysm (0.6 cm), and decreased ejection fraction (EF).
Conclusion
Kawasaki disease must be considered in the differential diagnosis of patients presenting symptoms of infection including fever and weakness, especially in infants. Early diagnosis of Kawasaki disease can lower the chance of complication including coronary artery aneurysms. Therefore, this disease must be permanently considered in patients (especially in infants) with long-term fever without a typical presentation of Kawasaki to avoid severe heart complications.- انتشار مقاله: 05-02-1398
- نویسندگان: Azadeh Darabi,Javad Mohamadi Taze Abadi,Hassan Birjandi,Zahra Mousavi Emadi
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: International Journal of Psychology (IPA)
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Risk-Taking,Abuse,Adolescent girls
- چکیده: Child abuse means a behavior in which a child faces a variety of physical and sexual abuse, negligence, and emotional misbehavior. The present study’s aim was to examine the relationship between childhood abuse experience and the high-risk behavior of adolescent girls in Islamshahr in Tehran. This research is cross-sectional (descriptive–analytic). The subjects chosen for this study were secondary schoolgirls studying in the 2013/2014 school year in Islamshahr. They were selected from high school cluster 2. In each high school, four classes were chosen at random. The sample consisted of 300 individuals, and the data were collected in accordance with the childhood trauma questionnaire (CTQ) and Iranian young adults’ risk-taking questionnaire (IARS). The Pearson’s correlation and dependence, and multiple regression were used to analyze the data. The results showed that the total abuse score had a significant positive correlation with that of risk-taking. A meaningful positive relationship was found between the emotional abuse subscale and driving dangerously, violence, smoking, and drug and alcohol abuse, the physical abuse subscale with violence and alcohol abuse, the sexual abuse subscale with driving dangerously, violence, smoking, drug and alcohol abuse, and friendliness with the opposite sex, and the negligence subscale with driving dangerously, violence, smoking, drug and alcohol abuse, friendliness with the opposite sex, and having dangerous sexual relationships and behaviors. They also showed that emotional abuse could not predict any risk-taking subscales, but physical abuse predicted drug abuse and friendship with the opposite sex. Sexual abuse predicted violence, drug abuse, and friendship with the opposite sex, and the negligence subscale predicted dangerous driving, violence, drug abuse, friendship with the opposite sex, and sexual relations and behavior. The results of this study showed that the teenagers who have experienced such negative events have a tendency of demonstrating high risk-taking behavior.
- چکیده انگلیسی: Child abuse means a behavior in which a child faces a variety of physical and sexual abuse, negligence, and emotional misbehavior. The present study’s aim was to examine the relationship between childhood abuse experience and the high-risk behavior of adolescent girls in Islamshahr in Tehran. This research is cross-sectional (descriptive–analytic). The subjects chosen for this study were secondary schoolgirls studying in the 2013/2014 school year in Islamshahr. They were selected from high school cluster 2. In each high school, four classes were chosen at random. The sample consisted of 300 individuals, and the data were collected in accordance with the childhood trauma questionnaire (CTQ) and Iranian young adults’ risk-taking questionnaire (IARS). The Pearson’s correlation and dependence, and multiple regression were used to analyze the data. The results showed that the total abuse score had a significant positive correlation with that of risk-taking. A meaningful positive relationship was found between the emotional abuse subscale and driving dangerously, violence, smoking, and drug and alcohol abuse, the physical abuse subscale with violence and alcohol abuse, the sexual abuse subscale with driving dangerously, violence, smoking, drug and alcohol abuse, and friendliness with the opposite sex, and the negligence subscale with driving dangerously, violence, smoking, drug and alcohol abuse, friendliness with the opposite sex, and having dangerous sexual relationships and behaviors. They also showed that emotional abuse could not predict any risk-taking subscales, but physical abuse predicted drug abuse and friendship with the opposite sex. Sexual abuse predicted violence, drug abuse, and friendship with the opposite sex, and the negligence subscale predicted dangerous driving, violence, drug abuse, friendship with the opposite sex, and sexual relations and behavior. The results of this study showed that the teenagers who have experienced such negative events have a tendency of demonstrating high risk-taking behavior.
- انتشار مقاله: 19-07-1394
- نویسندگان: Fatemeh Rangamize Toosi,Faranak Saboonchi,Zahra Mousavimoghadam,Mehdi Rostami
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: International Journal of Advanced Biological and Biomedical Research
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Education,Childhood,adolescence,Personality
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: The present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of training on personality formation and mental development of childhood and adolescence. It is important to understand how children develop physically, socially, emotionally and intellectually to know that all areas of development are equally as important as each other, and that all impact on one another. Biological and cognitive changes transform children’s bodies and minds. Social relationships and roles change dramatically as children enter school, join programs, and become involved with peers and adults outside their families. The years between 6 and 14 middle childhood and early adolescence are a time of important developmental advances that establish children’s sense of identity. A child’s development can be measured through social, emotional, intellectual, physical and language developmental milestones. All children and young people follow a similar pattern of development so the order in which each child advances from one milestone to the next will be roughly the same. However, each child will develop at a different rate and their development may not progress evenly across all areas
- انتشار مقاله: 20-10-1397
- نویسندگان: Zahra Mousavi,Fatemeh Mousavi
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: International Journal of Advanced Biological and Biomedical Research
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Education,Childhood,adolescence,Personality
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: The present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of training on personality formation and mental development of childhood and adolescence. It is important to understand how children develop physically, socially, emotionally and intellectually to know that all areas of development are equally as important as each other, and that all impact on one another. Biological and cognitive changes transform children’s bodies and minds. Social relationships and roles change dramatically as children enter school, join programs, and become involved with peers and adults outside their families. The years between 6 and 14 middle childhood and early adolescence are a time of important developmental advances that establish children’s sense of identity. A child’s development can be measured through social, emotional, intellectual, physical and language developmental milestones. All children and young people follow a similar pattern of development so the order in which each child advances from one milestone to the next will be roughly the same. However, each child will develop at a different rate and their development may not progress evenly across all areas
- انتشار مقاله: 26-05-1393
- نویسندگان: Zahra Mousavi,Fatemeh Mousavi
- مشاهده