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کاربرد نوع شرط:
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Journal of the Iranian Chemical Research
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Cyclocondensation,1-(5-bromo-2-chloro-6-methylpyrimidin-4-yl)-1-methylhydrazine,pyrimidothiadiazine,Dimethylthio carbamoylchloride
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Treatment of 1-(5-bromo-2-chloro-6-methylpyrimidin-4-yl)-1-methylhydrazine with
dimethylthiocarbamoylchloride gave 7-chloro-N,N, 1,5-tetramethyl-1H-pyrimido[4,5-
e][1,3,4]thiadiazin-3-amine in basic acetonitrile. The latter compounds were reacted with
secondary amines in boiling ethanol to afford the related 7-amino derivatives.- انتشار مقاله: 14-11-1389
- نویسندگان: Abdolhassan Doulah,Masoud Mirzaei,Mohsen Nikpour,Yaghoub Farbood
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Memory,TNF-α,Ellagic acid,Traumatic brain injury,LTP,Blood-brain barrier
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Objective(s): Cognitive defects such as learning and memory impairment are amongst the most repetitious sequelae after sever and moderate traumatic brain injury (TBI). It was suggested that ellagic acid (EA), an innate phenol product, display neuroprotective properties against oxidative and inflammatory damages after brain injury. The object of the current study was therapeutic properties of EA on blood-brain barrier (BBB) interruption and elevated content of TNF-α in brain tissue followed by neurologic aftereffects, cognitive and brain electrophysiology deficits as outcomes of diffuse TBI in rat.
Materials and Methods: TBI was induced by a 200 g weight falling by a 2-m height through a free-falling tube onto the head of anesthetized rat. TBI rats treated immediately after trauma with EA (100 mg/kg, IP) once every 8 hr until 48 hr later. Neurologic outcomes, passive avoidance task (PAT), hippocampal long-term potentiation (LTP), BBB permeability and content of TNF-α in brain tissue were evaluated.
Results: TBI induced significant impairments in neurological score, BBB function, PAT and hippocampal LTP in TBI+Veh group in compare with Sham+Veh (P<0.001). EA treatment decreased neurologic severity score (NSS), restored increased BBB permeability, cognitive and hippocampal LTP abnormalities, and elevated brain content of TNF-α due to TBI significantly (P<0.001).
Conclusion: Our findings propose that EA can restore NSS, cognitive and LTP deficits and prevent brain inflammation may by restore BBB permeability as well as lowering brain content of TNF-α following TBI.- انتشار مقاله: 23-01-1396
- نویسندگان: Shahram Mashhadizadeh,Yaghoub Farbood,Mahin Dianat,Ali Khodadadi,Alireza Sarkaki
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Ellagic acid,Proteinuria,BUN,Creatinine,GFR,Global cerebral ischemia
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Objective(s): Global cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (GCIR) causes disturbances in brain functions as well as other organs such as kidney. Our aim was to evaluate the protective effects of ellagic acid (EA) on certain renal disfunction after GCIR.
Materials and Methods: Adult male Wistar rats (n=32, 250-300 g) were used. GCIR was induced by bilateral vertebral and common carotid arteries occlusion (4-VO). Animal groups were: 1) received DMSO/saline (10%) as solvent of EA, 2) solvent + GCIR, 3) EA + GCIR, and 4) EA. Under anesthesia with ketamine/xylazine, GCIR was induced (20 and 30 min respectively) in related groups. EA (100 mg/kg, dissolved in DMSO/saline (10%) or solvent was administered (1.5 ml/kg) orally for 10 consecutive days to the related groups. EEG was recorded from NTS in GCIR treated groups.
Results: Our data showed that: a) EEG in GCIR treated groups was flattened. b) GCIR reduced GFR (P<0.01) and pretreatment with EA attenuated this reduction. c) BUN was increased by GCIR (P<0.001) and pretreatment with EA improved the BUN to normal level. d) Serum creatinine concentration was elevated by GCIR but not significantly, however, in EA+GCIR group serum creatinine was reduced (P<0.05). e) GCIR induced proteinuria (P<0.05) but, EA was unable to reduced proteinuria.
Conclusion: Results indicate that GCIR impairs certain renal functions and EA as an antioxidant can improve these functions. Our results suggest the possible usefulness of ellagic acid in patients with brain stroke.- انتشار مقاله: 11-10-1395
- نویسندگان: Khojasteh Hoseiny Nejad,Mohammad Kazem Gharib-Naseri,Alireza Sarkaki,Mahin Dianat,Mohammad Badavi,Yaghoub Farbood
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Avicenna Journal of Phytomedicine
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Rat,Stress,Ellagic acid,Arrhythmia,Inotropic,Chronotropic
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Objective: In ventricular arrhythmias, due to their free radical scavenging action, antioxidant agents are usually used in the treatment of cardiovascular disease. Since stress is considered as risk factor for increased mortality by causing malignant arrhythmias, the study was designed to evaluate the cardioprotective effects of ellagic acid (EA) on CaCl2-induced arrhythmias in rat stress model.
Materials and Methods: Male Sprague-Dawley rats (200-250 g) were divided into four groups: Group I: Control rats (2 ml of saline by gavage), Group II: Rats treated with EA (15 mg/kg, gavage), Group III: stress group, Group IV: received EA plus stress. Stress was applied in a restrainer box (6 hour/day, 21 days). After induction of anesthesia, lead II electrocardiogram was recorded for calculating heart rate and QRS complex. The arrhythmia was produced by injection of CaCl2 solution (140 mg/kg, iv) and incidences of Ventricular fibrillation, Ventricular premature beats and Ventricular tachycardia were recorded. Results were analyzed by using one-way ANOVA and Fisher`s exact test. pResults: The results showed a positive inotropic effect and negative chronotropic effect for the EA group in comparison with the control group. Incidence rates (%) of premature beats, ventricular fibrillation and ventricular tachycardia in stress group and all the arrhythmia parameters decreased in groups which received EA.
Conclusions: By decreasing the incidence rates of premature beats, fibrillation and ventricular tachycardia in groups which received EA, ellagic acid probably acted as an anti-arrhythmic agent which showed to have aprotective functionin heart.- انتشار مقاله: 11-05-1393
- نویسندگان: Mahin Dianat,Negin Amini,Mohammad Badavi,Yaghoub Farbood
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Avicenna Journal of Phytomedicine
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Rats,Memory,Hyperglycemia,Garlic,Streptozotocin
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Objective: The present study was hypothesized to investigate the beneficial effects of fresh, aged, and cooked garlic extracts on blood glucose and memory of diabetic rats induced by streptozocine (STZ).
Material and Methods: Diabetes was induced by an intraperitoneal injection of STZ (60 mg/kg body weight). An oral dose of 1000 mg/kg of each garlic extract was given daily for 4 weeks after diabetes induction. Five days after STZ injection, five groups were formed: Control (intact) rats (Cont) + Vehicle of garlic extract (normal saline) (Veh), STZ + Veh, STZ + Fresh (row) garlic (FG), STZ + Aged garlic (AG), and STZ + cooked (boiled) garlic (CG). In order to assess the passive avoidance memory, rats were gently placed on the wooden platform, and latency to step-down (SDL) was recorded as initial phase, after then a light electrical shock [0.3 mA, 3 sec, Alternative current (AC)] was delivered to their foot paw. The retrieval tests were done for short- and long-term memories, respectively. Blood glucose was assayed by glucometer before and after treatment with STZ and garlic extracts.
Results: Hyperglycemia induced by STZ decreased short-term memory in both diabetic males and females rats significantly compared with the controls (pConclusions: STZ causes elevation of the blood glucose and resulted in memory deficits, possibly viafree radicals production in brain tissue. Garlic has some bioactive chemicals including allicin and sulfur compound (OSC) which could lower the blood glucose during chronic hyperglycemia, inhibit free radicals production in brain, and improve short-term (but not long-term) memory.
- انتشار مقاله: 15-05-1391
- نویسندگان: Alireza Sarkaki,Saeed Valipour Chehardacheric,Yaghoub Farbood,Seyed Mohammad Taghi Mansouri,Bahareh Naghizadeh,Effat Basirian
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Avicenna Journal of Phytomedicine
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Rat,Parkinson's disease,grape seed extract,Motor disorders,Thalamic electrical power,6-hydroxydopamine
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Objective: Previous studies showed that grape seed extract (GSE) is an excellent natural substance with potent antioxidant effect and free radical scavenger. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of GSE on motor dysfunctions and thalamic local Electroencephalography (EEG) frequency bands' powers in rats with Parkinson's disease (PD). Materials and Methods: In this study 8 µg 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) dissolved in 2 µl normal saline containing 0.01% ascorbic acid was infused into right medial forebrain bundle (MFB) to make an animal model of PD. Rats with PD received four weeks GSE (100 mg/kg, p.o.) after apomorphine-induced rotation test. Spontaneous motor tests and also thalamic ventroanterior nucleus (AV) local EEG recording were done in freely moving rats in all groups. Results: Chronic treatment of PD rats with GSE could influence potentially frequency bands' powers of thalamic VA and improve post-lesion motor dysfunctions significantly (p<0.05 and p<0.01, respectively). Conclusion: Our findings suggest that GSE modulates the CNS function and has beneficial effects on the direct and indirect striato-thalamo-cortical pathways in PD. GSE acts as a new and potent natural free radical scavenger which removes oxidants produced by neurotoxin 6-OHDA in brain. Therefore, it reinforces electrical power of remained thalamic VA neurons and thereby improves post-lesion motor disorders.
- انتشار مقاله: 30-10-1391
- نویسندگان: Alireza Sarkaki,Zainab Eidypour,Freshteh Motamedi,Keivan Keramati Keramati,Yaghoub Farbood
- مشاهده