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کاربرد نوع شرط:
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: International Aquatic Research
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Antibacterial activity,fish,microorganisms,Skin mucus,Zone of inhibition
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Studies were conducted to evaluate the antimicrobial potency of skin mucus collected from three carp species; Hypophthalmichthys nobilis, Ctenopharyngodon idella, and Cyprinus carpio (exotic to India) against certain human and fish pathogenic bacterial strains viz. Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, and Aeromonas hydrophila. The antimicrobial activities were measured in terms of zone of inhibition (ZOI) in mm and compared with two antibiotics (amikacin and chloramphenicol). All selected fish species were also challenged with A. hydrophila through water to check, if there is any change in mucus secretion or its antibacterial effects. Studies have shown that after challenge with A. hydrophila, an increase in mucus secretion was observed in all the three species of carps. Skin mucus extracts (crude and aqueous) obtained from healthy and challenged fish species exhibited strong antibacterial activity against all the investigated microbial strains. Variations in antibacterial effect have been observed among same fish (in healthy and challenged) and amidst different carp species against same and different bacterial strains. In general, crude mucus of all the fish species showed higher bactericidal action than its aqueous extracts and antibiotic chloramphenicol. Hence, these results have clearly revealed that the mucus obtained from fish skin shows antibacterial activity which may play an important role in fish protection against pathogens and thus there appears to be a possibility of using mucus obtained from the skin of carps as an alternative to antibiotics in animals and possibly also in human health related problems.
- انتشار مقاله: 27-12-1398
- نویسندگان: Sunil Kumari,Anil Kumar Tyor,Anita Bhatnagar
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Asia Pacific Journal of Medical Toxicology
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Alkaline Diuresis,2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid,Herbicide
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background: 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, (2, 4-D) is a selective herbicide available as the acids, esters and several salts which vary in their chemical properties, environmental behaviour, and to a lesser extent toxicity. The salt and ester forms are derivatives of the parent acid. It is widely used as a weed killer. The 2, 4-D dimethylamine is one of the salts of this group.
Case Presentation: We report a case of ingestion of 2, 4-D herbicide intentionally. The patient had presented in a local hospital but transferred to our hospital in a state of deep coma. CT scan head showed diffuse cerebral oedema. The patient recovered completely after treatment with forced alkaline diuresis.
Discussion: Anticholinesterase compounds are the most commonly used insecticide and the commonest compound used as poison in India. This case report emphasizes that not all poisonings are caused by anticholinesterase compounds. The initial clinical manifestations of 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2, 4-D) poisoning are very similar to alcohol, sedative drugs, or aromatic chlorinated hydrocarbons making it even more difficult for the treating physician to suspect poisoning due to these compounds. It is thus important to identify the correct compound for proper management. Prompt diagnosis and correct treatment can save the life of a patient. The poisoning is also sometimes confused with poisoning due to anticholinesterase compound.
Conclusion: 2, 4-D is a poison which carries a high mortality. Prolonged coma, metabolic complications, skeletal muscle injury and myotonia are some of the complications of 2, 4-D. Forced alkaline diuresis resulted in saving our patient which otherwise had poor prognosis.- انتشار مقاله: 09-11-1395
- نویسندگان: Sujata Hiran,Sunil Kumar
- مشاهده