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کاربرد نوع شرط:
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: aging,Exercise,Blood-flow restriction,Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, Neuromuscular junction
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background: During the aging process, muscle atrophy and neuromuscular junction remodeling are inevitable. The present study aimed to clarify whether low-intensity aerobic exercise along with limb blood-flow restriction (BFR) could improve aging-induced muscle atrophy and nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) at the neuromuscular junction.Methods: Forty-eight male Wistar rats, aged 23–24 months, were randomly divided into control, sham (Sh: subjected to surgery without BFR), BFR (subjected to BFR), exercise (Ex: subjected to 10 weeks of low-intensity exercise), Sh+Ex, and BFR+Ex groups. Forty-eight hours after the last training session, the animals were sacrificed and their soleus and extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscles were removed. The hypertrophy index was calculated, and molecular parameters were measured using western blotting. Statistical analysis was done with ANOVA using SPSS (version 20), with a P<0.05 as the level of significance.Results: The control and Sh groups showed weight gain (P=0.001), whereas the Ex, Sh+Ex, and BFR+Ex groups had significant weight loss (P<0.001). The hypertrophy index of the soleus was significantly higher in the BFR+Ex group than in the control, Sh, and BFR groups (P<0.001). BFR+Ex induced significant hypertrophic effects on the EDL (P<0.001 vs. the control, Sh, Ex, and Sh+Ex groups, and P=0.006 vs. the BFR group). BFR+Ex also increased nAChRs in the soleus (P=0.02 vs. the control and Sh groups) and the EDL (P=0.008 vs. the control and Sh groups).Conclusion: BFR plus mild exercise is a safe method with potential beneficial effects in protecting and augmenting muscle mass and nAChR clustering at the neuromuscular junction in old rats.
- انتشار مقاله: 28-02-1396
- نویسندگان: Mohammad-Ali Bahreini Pour,Siyavash Joukar,Fariborz Hovanloo,Hamid Najafipour
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Iranian Journal of Immunology
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی:
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background: IGF-1 and certain other cytokines have been shown to exert inflammatory/anti-inflammatory roles in chronic joint diseases. Objective: To assess the effect of IGF-1, IL-27 and IL-35, their interaction and their receptor expression in a rheumatoid arthritis model. Methods: Freund’s adjuvant-induced chronic joint inflammation was operated on 160 male rats. Animals were divided into histopathology and receptor expression groups, each composed of 10 subgroups including; control, vehicle, IGF-1, IL-27, IL-35, their antagonists, IGF-1+IL-27 antagonist and IGF-1+IL-35 antagonist. After two weeks, vehicle or agonist/antagonists were injected into the joint space every other day until day 28 where joint histopathology was performed. The expression of IGF-1, IL-27 and IL-35 receptors were assessed by western blot analysis. Results: IGF-1 did not show pro- or anti- inflammatory functions; endogenous IL-27 and IL-35, on the other hand, exerted inflammatory effects. IL-27 and IL-35 antagonists exerted the highest anti-inflammatory effects. The total inflammation scores were 0.55 ± 0.06, 4.63 ± 0.40, 3.63 ± 0.60, 2.50 ± 0.38 and 1.63 ± 0.40 regarding control, vehicle, IGF-1 Ant., IL-27 Ant. and IL-35Ant., respectively. IGF-1 receptor expression was reduced in chronic joint inflammation and all three antagonists augmented the IGF-1 receptor expression. IL-27 and IL-35 receptors were up-regulated by chronic joint inflammation. Conclusion: Overall, the results demonstrated the pro-inflammatory role of endogenous IL-27 and IL-35 along with the over expression of their receptors in chronic joint inflammation. IL-27 and IL-35 antagonists exerted the most anti-inflammatory effects and increased IGF-1 receptor expression. These two antagonists may be potential agents for new treatment strategies in chronic joint inflammatory diseases.
- انتشار مقاله: 26-12-1396
- نویسندگان: Elham Abdi,Hamid Najafipour,Siyavash Joukar,Shahriar Dabiri,Saeed Esmaeli-Mahani,Elham Abbasloo,Nasrin Houshmandi,Abbas Afsharipour
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Addiction and Health
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Interleukins,Antioxidants,Water pipe smoking,Lung injury,Swimming
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background: The use of waterpipe tobacco smoking (WTS) is on the rise throughout the world, especially
among young people and even athletes. There is a belief among consumers that exercise prevents the harmful
effects of hookah smoke on the body. We examined this belief by evaluation of lung injury following to
concurrent WTS and swimming endurance training in male Wistar rats.
Methods: Animals were randomly divided to sedentary control (CTL) group, exercise training group
(Ex group), sedentary WTS (S) group, and exercise plus WTS (S + Ex) group.
Findings: 8 weeks of WTS was associated with significant increase in serum level of cotinine, lung damage,
reduction in alveolar number AN/SA (mm2) and increase in malondialdehyde (MDA) level of lung tissue.
Combination of exercise with WTS significantly decreased these negative effects; however, it could not fully
protect the lung from smoking damage. Waterpipe smoking (WPS) also significantly increased the proinflammatory cytokines of lung tissue such as tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) (P < 0.001), interleukin 1
beta (IL-1β) (P < 0.010), and IL-6 (P < 0.050) in comparison with CTL group. Exercise training to some
degree reduced the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and increased the level of IL-10 as an antiinflammatory IL and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) activity in animals exposed to WTS.
Conclusion: It is suggested that combination of mild to moderate exercise with WTS may attenuate the
hookah smoking-induced lung damage. This effect partly is mediated through balancing of pro/antiinflammatory and redox systems
- انتشار مقاله: 10-04-1399
- نویسندگان: Mohammad Reza Nakhaee,Mohammad Reza Zolfaghari,Siyavash Joukar,Nouzar Nakhaee,Yaser Masoumi-Ardakani,Maryam Iranpour,Mozhdeh Nazari
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Addiction and Health
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Cytokines,Smoking water pipes,Exercise training,Left ventricular function,Antioxidants
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background: There is an increasing popularity of waterpipe tobacco smoking (WTS) in youth and even in
athletes worldwide. Despite the existence of evidence of the harmful effects of hookah smoke on various
systems of the body, especially the cardiovascular system, its simultaneous effect with exercise training has
not been well studied. We assessed the effects of WTS exposure with/without swimming exercise on blood
pressure (BP), and heart histology and mechanical performance in male Wistar rats.
Methods: The animals were divided into 4 groups of sedentary control (CTL), waterpipe tobacco smoking (S),
mild endurance swimming exercise training (Ex), and waterpipe smoking plus exercise (S + Ex). The
duration of WTS and exercise was 8 weeks.
Findings: BP and heart rate (HR) did not show a significant difference among the groups. WTS increased the
TNF-α level of the heart (P < 0.05 vs. CTL) and cardiac tissue lesions (P < 0.05 vs. CTL), and reduced +dP/dt
max, -dp/dt max, and heart contractility indices (P < 0.01, P < 0.01, and P < 0.05, respectively, vs. CTL and
Ex groups). It also increased the Tau index (P < 0.05 vs. CTL; P < 0.01 vs. Ex groups) of the left ventricle.
However, the combination of exercise and WTS reduced the TNF-α level, improved the heart activity of
superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase enzymes, and prevented the negative effects of smoking on heart
function and morphology.
Conclusion: Mild exercise prevents WTS-induced left ventricular systolic and diastolic dysfunction partly via
improvement of antioxidants and attenuation of pro-inflammatory cytokines.
- انتشار مقاله: 15-04-1398
- نویسندگان: Mohammad Reza Nakhaee,Siyavash Joukar,Mohammad Reza Zolfaghari,Farzaneh Rostamzadeh,Yaser Masoumi-Ardakani,Maryam Iranpour,Mozhdeh Nazari
- مشاهده