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کاربرد نوع شرط:
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: vitamin B12,Striatum,Cerebral cortex Methamphetamine Neurotoxicity
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Objective(s): Methamphetamine (METH) is a powerful stimulant drug that directly affects the brain and induces neurological deficits. B12 is a water-soluble vitamin (vit) that is reported to attenuate neuronal degeneration. The goal of the present study is to investigate the effect of vitamin B12 on METH’s neurodegenerative changes.
Materials and Methods: Two groups of 6 animals received METH (10 mg/kg, interaperitoneally (IP)) four times with a 2 hr interval. Thirty mins before METH administration, vit B12 (1 mg/kg) or normal saline were injected IP. Animals were sacrificed 3 days after the last administration. Caspase proteins levels were measured by Western blotting. Also, samples were examined by TUNEL assay to detect the presence of DNA fragmentation. Reduced glutathione (GSH) was also determined by the Ellman method.
Results: The pathological findings showed that vit B12 attenuates the gliosis induced by METH. Vit B12 administration also significantly decreased the apoptotic index in the striatum and the cerebral cortex (P<0.001). It also reduced caspase markers compared to the control (PConclusion: The current study suggests that parenteral vit B12 at safe doses may be a promising treatment for METH-induced brain damage via inhibition of neuron apoptosis and increasing the reduced GSH level. Research focusing on the mechanisms involved in the protective responses of vit B12 can be helpful in providing a novel therapeutic agent against METH-induced neurotoxicity.- انتشار مقاله: 15-02-1396
- نویسندگان: Mohamad Moshiri,Seyed Mojtaba Hosseiniyan,Seyed Adel Moallem,Farzin Hadizadeh,Amir Hosein Jafarian,Ameneh Ghadiri,Toktam Hoseini,Mahmoud Seifi,Leila Etemad
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Rat,Histopathology,Carbon monoxide Poisoning,Cardiotoxicity,Erythropoietin
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Objective(s): Cardiotoxicity is one of the major consequences in carbon monoxide poisoning. Following our previous work, in this study we aimed to define the myocardium changes induced by carbon monoxide (CO) intoxication and evaluate erythropoietin (EPO) effect on CO cardiotoxicity in rat.
Materials and Methods: Severe carbon monoxide toxicity induced by 3000 ppm CO in Wistar rat. EPO was administrated (5000 IU/Kg, intraperitoneal injection) at the end of CO exposure and then the animals were re-oxygenated with the ambient air. Subsequently heart was removed and assessed by histopathology and electron microscopy examinations.
Results: 3000 ppm CO induced significant myocardium injury; multiple foci of necrosis and lymphocyte infiltration compare with the control (P˂0.05). Electron microscopy examination showed myofibril lysis and mitochondrial swelling in myocardium due to 3000 ppm CO poisoning. However EPO administration after CO exposure resulted in significant reduction in cardiomyocytes injury (P˂0.05).
Conclusion: Our results represented protective effect of EPO on cardiac injury induced by CO intoxication in rat.- انتشار مقاله: 16-07-1396
- نویسندگان: Mitra Asgharian Rezaee,Seyed Adel Moallem,Amir Hooshang Mohammadpour,Mahmoud Mahmoudi,Mojtaba Sankian,Mehdi Farzadnia,Hassan Alavi,Mohsen Imenshahidi
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Acute,Skeletal muscle,Pregabalin,Muscle injury,Subacute
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Objective(s): Pregabalin (PGB) is a new antiepileptic drug that has received FDA approval for patient who suffers from central neuropathic pain, partial seizures, generalized anxiety disorder, fibromyalgia and sleep disorders. This study was undertaken to evaluate the possible adverse effects of PGB on the muscular system of mice.
Materials and Methods: To evaluate the effect of PGB on skeletal muscle, the animals were exposed to a single dose of 1, 2 or 5 g /kg or daily doses of 20, 40 or 80 mg/kg for 21 days, intraperitoneally (IP). Twaenty-four hr after the last drug administration, all animals were sacrificed. The level of fast-twitch skeletal muscle troponin I and CK-MM activity were evaluated in blood as an indicator of muscle injury. Skeletal muscle pathological findings were also reported as scores ranging from 1 to 3 based on the observed lesion.
Results: In the acute and sub-acute toxicity assay IP injection of PGB significantly increased the activity and levels of CK-MM and fsTnI compared to the control group. Sub-acute exposure to PGB caused damages that include muscle atrophy, infiltration of inflammatory cells and cell degeneration.
Conclusion: PGB administration especially in long term care causes muscle atrophy with infiltration of inflammatory cells and cell degeneration. The fsTnI and CK-MM are reliable markers in PGB-related muscle injury. The exact mechanisms behind the muscular damage are unclear and necessitate further investigations.- انتشار مقاله: 11-12-1395
- نویسندگان: Mohammad Moshiri,Seyed Adel Moallem,Armin Attaranzadeh,Zahra Saberi,Leila Etemad
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: antidote,acute toxicity,Intravenous lipid emulsion Methamphetamine
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Objective(s): The increasing use of methamphetamine (METH) in the last decades has made it the second most abused drug. Advancs in the area of intravenous lipid emulsion (ILE) have led to its potential application in the treatment of poisoning. The present study aims to investigate the potential role of ILE as an antidote for acute METH poisoning.
Materials and Methods: Two groups of six male rats were treated by METH (45 mg/kg), intraperitoneally. Five to seven min later, they received an infusion of 18.6 ml/kg ILE 20% through the tail vein or normal saline (NS). Locomotor and behavioral activity was assessed at different time after METH administration. Body temperature and survival rates were also evaluated. Brain and internal organs were then removed for histological examination and TUNEL assay.
Results: ILE therapy for METH poisoning in rats could prevent rats mortalities and returned the METH-induced hyperthermia to normal rates (P<0.05). ILE reduced freezing and stereotyped behaviors and increased rearing responses (P<0.05). Locomotor activity also returned to control levels especially during the last hours of the experiment. ILE administration decreased the prevalence of pulmonary emphysema in the lungs (PP<0.01) and percentages of TUNEL positive cells in the brain (P<0.05), in comparison with the control group.
Conclusion: ILE could reduce the severity of METH- induced toxicity as well as mortality rate in the animals. Intravenous infusion of lipid emulsion may save the life of patients with acute METH intoxication who do not respond to standard initial therapy.- انتشار مقاله: 12-11-1395
- نویسندگان: Ameneh Ghadiri,Leila Etemad,Mohammad Moshiri,Seyed Adel Moallem,Amir Hossein Jafarian,Farzin Hadizadeh,Mahmoud Seifi
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Mice,skin,WOUND HEALING,Malva sylvestris
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Objective(s): The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of Malva sylvestris aqueous extract on cutaneous wound healing in BALB/c mice.
Materials and Methods: Twenty seven male BALB/c mice (2.5 months of age) were used. A cut wound (superficial fascia depth) was made locally. The mice were then divided into three groups: the first, second and third groups received topical administration of M. sylvestris 1% aqueous extract, silver sulfadiazine topical cream or cold cream (positive and negative control groups), respectively. On days 4, 7 and 10 excisional biopsies were performed and wound healing was evaluated histopathologically. The data were analyzed by the ANOVA and Tukey statistical tests.
Results: On days 4 and 7, the numbers of inflammatory cells in the silver sulfadiazine and M. sylvestris-treated groups were significantly lower than the control group and keratinization at the edges of the wound in both groups was significantly higher than the control group. On the tenth day of the study, the Malva-treated mice showed better healing features and less fibrosis and scar formation, and also fewer hair follicles were damaged in this group. On the tenth day of the study, the numbers of inflammatory cells in M. sylvestris and silver sulfadiazine-treated groups were significantly lower than the control group.
Conclusion: The present study supports the beneficial effects of M. sylvestris on the wound healing process and suggests a potential clinical application.- انتشار مقاله: 09-04-1394
- نویسندگان: Mohammad Afshar,Behdad Ravarian,Mahmoud Zardast,Seyed Adel Moallem,Mohammad Hasanpour Fard,Masoomeh Valavi
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Inhibitors,p38 MAP kinase,Pyridinylimidazoles
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Objective(s)
Inhibitors of p38 MAP kinase are considered as suitable target in the treatment of inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis and bowel inflammatory diseases. The development of 5-alkylthio-1-aryl-2-(4-pyridinyl) triazoles as inhibitors of p38 MAP kinase is described. These are analogues of 4- pyridinyl imidazole p38 MAP kinase inhibitor reported by Merck Research Laboratories, in which imidazole ring has been replaced with triazole.
Materials and Methods
Reaction of pyridine-4-carboxylic acid hydrazide 1 and arylisothiocyanate (2a, b) gave the intermediate thiourea derivative 3a, b (Figure 2). Refluxing of the latter in aqueous saturated sodium carbonate gave 1-aryl-5-mercapto-2-(4-pyridinyl) triazoles 4a, b. Treatment of 4a, b with alkyl iodide afforded the desired 5-alkylthio-1-aryl-2-(4-pyridinyl) triazoles (5a-d). P38 MAP kinase inhibitory activity of the synthesized compounds was evaluated in vitro by ELISA method and also by molecular docking.
Results
Compound 5c at 1 µM concentration and compound 5d at 1 µM and 10 µM significantly inhibited the p38 phosphorylation. These inhibitory effects are equal to those of standard compound SB202190 and no significant differences were observed.
Conclusion
We demonstrated that both tested compounds have inhibitory effect on p38 MAP kinase and we did not find significant difference between their inhibitory effects and those of standard inhibitor SB202190.- انتشار مقاله: 25-06-1394
- نویسندگان: Seyed Adel Moallem,Farzin Hadizadeh,Fatemeh Abdol Abadi,Mahmoud Shahraki,Jamal Shamsara
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Rat,Carbon monoxide Poisoning,Erythropoietin,Myelin basic protein,S100β
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Objective(s) Erythropoietin has been shown to exert neuroprotective effects in a variety of CNS injury models. Elevation of serum S100β, as a glial damage marker and myelin basic protein (MBP) has been reported to occur in acute carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of erythropoietin (EPO) on serum S100β and MBP levels after CO poisoning in rats. Materials and Methods Rats were poisoned with a mixture of 3000 PPM CO in air for 65 min. After exposure, half of the rats received 5000 u/kg EPO and the rest received normal saline. At 3, 6, 12, 24, 48, 72, 144, and 336 hr after exposure samples were taken. Additionally, EPO was administered at three lower doses (625, 1250 and 2500 u/kg). The serum S100β and MBP levels were measured using immunoenzymatic colorimetric assay. Hemoglobin level was alsomeasured. Results Serum S100β levels in CO poisoned rats were significantly higher compared to the control group [6 hr (P< 0.01), 12 hr (P< 0. 001), 24 hr (P< 0.001), 48 hr (P< 0.008) and 72 hr (P< 0.008)]. EPO administration could significantly prevent serum S100β elevations after 12 hr (P< 0.008) and 24 hr (P< 0.008) of CO poisoning. Serum MBP levels in CO poisoned rats were not significantly increased in comparison with the control group (P> 0.05). EPO significantly increased the hemoglobin levels. Conclusion EPO could partially prevent neuronal damage. More studies are required to elucidate other aspects of these effects.
- انتشار مقاله: 24-06-1394
- نویسندگان: Shabnam Shahsavand,Amir Hooshang Mohammadpour,Ramin Rezaee,Effat Behravan,Ramin Sakhtianchi,Seyed Adel Moallem
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Mice,Carbamazepine,Congenital abnormalities,Pyridoxine,Teratology
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Objective(s) Carbamazepine (CBZ) is an antiepileptic drug that is used widely for the treatment of epileptic seizures. Neural tube defects (NTDs), growth retardation, and nail hypoplasia are the most common features of teratogenic effects of this drug. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of vitamin B6 on the developmental toxicity of CBZ on mice. Materials and Methods Sixty BALB/c pregnant mice were divided into four experimental and two control groups. Two experimental groups received daily intraperitoneal injection (IP) of 30 mg/kg (I) or 60 mg/kg (II) of CBZ on gestational days (GD) 6 to 15. Two other experimental groups received daily IP injection of 30 mg/kg (III) or 60 mg/kg (IV) of CBZ with 10 mg/kg/day vitamin B6 by gavage 10 days prior to gestation and on GD 6 to 15. Two control groups received normal saline or Tween 20. Dams underwent Cesarean section on GD 18 and embryos were harvested. External/macroscopic observation of fetuses was done by stereomicroscope and external examination for malformations was recorded. Data analyzed by ANOVA and X2 test using SPSS software. Results The mean weight and crown-rump of the fetuses in both CBZ-treated experimental groups were significantly reduced compared with those of the control groups. Various malformations were detected such as brachygnathia, eye malformations, NTDs, vertebral deformity, brachydactyly and growth retardation. Vitamin B6 treatment significantly reduced various CBZ-induced malformations. Conclusion This study showed that vitamin B6 has a preventive effect on the developmental toxicity of CBZ in mice that can be pursued further for clinical research.
- انتشار مقاله: 30-06-1394
- نویسندگان: Mohammad Afshar,Seyed Adel Moallem,Javad Baharara,Toktam Takjo,Mohammad Jafar Golalipour
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Antidepressant,Forced swimming test,Open field test,Echium vulgare L,Imipramine
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Objective In traditional medicine, Echium spp., including E. vulgare L., are utilized as exhilarant and mood stimulant. On the other hand, depression is a state of intense sadness, melancholia or despair that has advanced to the point of being disruptive to an individual's social functioning and/or activities of daily living. Therefore, finding effective and safe treatments is a hotly contested area in the present time. In this study, the antidepressant effects of aqueous and alcoholic extracts of Echium vulgare L. aerial parts were investigated on mice. Materials and Methods Boiling and percolation were used for aqueous and alcoholic extractions, respectively. Toxicity and anti-depressant studies were performed in male BALB/C mice. Three doses of 0.05, 0.2 and 0.35 g/kg for aqueous extracts and five doses of 0.01, 0.04, 0.07, 0.3 and 0.5 g/kg for alcoholic extracts were selected in the forced swimming test employing 8 mice in each group. Open field activity test was used to differentiate antidepression and locomotion effects. ANOVA and Tukey-Kramer tests were used for statistical analysis. Results The LD50 values of aqueous and ethanolic extracts were 1.22 g/kg and 1.21 g/kg, respectively. Aqueous and alcoholic extracts showed significant antidepressant effects starting at 0.05 g/kg and 0.07 g/kg, respectively. Open field test showed no significant changes in the activities of animals which received the ethanolic extract, but the aqueous extract decreased locomotor activities at higher doses. Conclusion The results showed that the aqueous extract at low doses and ethanolic extract at high doses have significant antidepressant effects. The effects of extracts were similar to imipramine and they may affect neurotransmitters, norepinephrine and serotonin. This herb might be considered as a useful drug in the management of depression.
- انتشار مقاله: 19-07-1394
- نویسندگان: Seyed Adel Moallem,Hossein Hosseinzadeh,Fatemeh Ghoncheh
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Avicenna Journal of Phytomedicine
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Silybum marianum,Silymarin,Mouse fetus,Teratogenicity
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی:
Objective: Silybum marianum has been used for centuries in herbal medicine for treatment of liver diseases. Currently, there is no data available on the possible effects of silymarin on fetal development. This study aimed to investigate the teratogenic effect of silymarin on BALB/c mice fetuses.
Materials and Methods: A total of 40 pregnant mice were divided into 4 groups of 10 mice each. Three groups received silymarin at three different doses of 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg/day during gestational days (GDs). The control group received normal saline and tween (solvent). Dams were sacrificed on GD 18 and all fetuses were examined for gross malformations, size and body weight. Malformed fetuses were double stained with alizarin red and alcian blue.
Results: Silymarin administration at all doses resulted in reduction of the mean fetal body weights. The abnormalities included limb, vertebral column and craniofacial malformations. Craniofacial malformations were the most common abnormalities, but they were not observed in a dose-dependent manner. The percentage of fetal resorption significantly increased (up to 15%) in all treatment groups.
Conclusion: Based on our results, silymarin, especially at high doses can lead to fetal resorption, intrauterine growth retardation and limb, vertebral column and craniofacial abnormalities. More precise studies should be conducted about the teratogenic effects of herbal medicine investigating the underlying mechanisms. Thus, caution should be taken when administering S. marianum to pregnant woman.- انتشار مقاله: 18-07-1394
- نویسندگان: Mahbobe Gholami,Seyed Adel Moallem,Mohammad Afshar,Sakineh Amoueian,Leila Etemad,Gholamreza Karimi
- مشاهده