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کاربرد نوع شرط:
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: International Journal of Society, Culture & Language
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Culture,Cultuling,Cultuling Analysis,Emotioncy Model,Euculturing
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: The close relationship between language and culture has been highlighted by scholars in sociology, sociolinguistics, ethnography of communication, psychology, and linguistics. They postulate that language is a tool to instantiate cultural concepts and delineate how individuals perceive the world. Regarding such an outstanding impetus and triggered by the conceptualization of cultulings (culture in language), language structures and expressions can manifest the overt and covert cultural patterns. Not only can the cultuling analysis of a society disclose the cultural patterns entrenched in the language, but also it can unearth the effective and defective cultural memes. To this end, our cultural model, underpinned by environmental factors, cultural, emo-sensory, and linguistic differences, can provide a robust model to analyze cultulings of a given society. Therefore, to analyze and explain the cultulings, the cultural, emotioncy, and SPEAKING models are suggested to be collectively utilized to reflect the participants’ culture. The amalgamation of these models and the underlying environmental factors can delineate people’s specific behaviors and cultulings which can culminate in euculturing.
- انتشار مقاله: 18-01-1399
- نویسندگان: Reza Pishghadam,Shima Ebrahimi,Ali Derakhshan
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: International Journal of Society, Culture & Language
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Literacy,Village,Social concept,Cheshmeh,street
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Granted that literacy is a social practice involving different values, attitudes, feelings, and social relationships, this study attempts to examine literacy practices and the potential changes made through a history of forty years. The study was conducted in the village of Cheshmeh, near Mashhad, Iran, where the social definition of literacy emerged. The data have been collected through participants' observation and interviews. The results proposed that literacy progress has been uneven and unequal across countries and within a country or a population despite some achievements gained internationally. This study is a challenge to the idea that literacy is the same thing across all kinds of settings and under all kinds of conditions. In fact, widely varying personal, social, religious, and economic factors imposed their constraints on literacy practices. In the light of the results of the present study, the future literacy effort may achieve better results and increased opportunities of success for all individuals if it takes account of such local social factors.
- انتشار مقاله: 03-07-1393
- نویسندگان: Brian Street,Reza Pishghadam,Shiva Zeinali
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: International Journal of Society, Culture & Language
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Factor analysis,Validation,English language teachers,Teacher status,Identity construction
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: The present study pursued two goals: First, to discover the subscales underlying the teacher Status Scale (TSS); and second, to reveal the status of the teachers of Persian, Arabic, and English in Iranian junior high school students’ perceptions in order to determine the relative roles of national, religious, and western influences in the identity construction of the students. The data was collected from 650 junior high school students, who rated their 80 teachers. Regarding the first goal, an Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) was employed revealing three subscales of the TSS: personal status, social status, and educational status. As for the second goal, a number of Chi-square tests were run on the data. Based on the results, English teachers were found to have the highest status in all the three factors and as a whole, denoting the more dominant role of western influence in the construction of the students’ identities.
- انتشار مقاله: 22-11-1392
- نویسندگان: Reza Pishghadam,Fahimeh Saboori
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: International Journal of Society, Culture & Language
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Factor analysis,structural equation modeling,Construct validity,Home culture attachment,Revalidation
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: This study was conducted to extract first, the underlying factors of Home Culture Attachment Scale (HCAS) and second, to confirm these factors via Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) analysis. To meet this end, the scale was distributed to 374 English language learners in private language institutes in Mashhad, Iran. To determine the construct validity of the scale, Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) was performed. The results of the analyses demonstrated that there were five underlying factors of the scale. Then, SEM analysis was performed to find a model of interaction among variables. The SEM results confirmed the existence of five factors. Finally, statistical results were discussed and implications were provided in the context of English language learning.
- انتشار مقاله: 01-12-1391
- نویسندگان: Reza Pishghadam,Mohammad Reza Hashemi,Elahe Bazri
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Journal of English Language Pedagogy and Practice
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Life-responsive language teaching belief,Life syllabus,Teacher success
- چکیده: طراحی برنامه درسی بخشی جدایی ناپذیر از آموزش زبان انگلیسی است. تعدادی برنامه های درسی توسط دانشمندان مختلف از زمان ظهور آموزش زبان انگلیسی ارائه شده است، که آخرین آن توسطپیشقدم (2011) به نام "برنامه درسی زندگی محور" ارائه شده است که در آن مسائل مربوط به زندگی بجای زبان در کلاس های آموزش زبان انگلیسی مورد اولویت قرار می گیرد. با توجه به ظهور اخیر این برنامه درسی و کاستی پژوهش در مورد اثربخشی آن، این مطالعه با هدف روشن کردن موضوع مورد نظرانجام شد. هدف اصلی این مطالعه بررسی ارتباط بین موفقیت مدرسان زبان انگلیسی و اعتقاد به آموزش زبان زندگی محور (LRLTB) در زمینه زبان انگلیسی به عنوان یک زبان خارجی،در ایران بود. برای این منظور، 200 نفر مدرس-100نفر از بخش مدارس خصوصی و نفر100 از بخش مدارس ملی و 1771 نفر از دانش آموزان آنها به عنوان شرکت کنندگان دراین مطالعه پژوهشی انتخاب شدند. در مرحله اول مطالعه به مدرسان "پرسشنامه باورهای آموزش زبان زندگی پاسخگو" وبه دانش آموزان آنها " پرسشنامه ویژگی های مدرسان موفق زبان انگلیسی به عنوان زبان خارجی" داده شد. نتایج مطالعه همبستگی نشان داد که همبستگی بالایی بین موفقیت مدرس و LRLTBو همچنین خرده مقیاس های دو متغیر وجود دارد. مقایسه مدرسان مرد و زن در مورد همبستگی بین متغیرها هیچ تفاوت معنی داری را نشان نمی دهد. اما مقایسه مدرسان مدارس غیر دولتی آموزش زبان انگلیسی و دولتی از نظر ارتباط بین متغیرها نشان داد که رابطه به شدت قویتری برای گروه دوم دارند.
- چکیده انگلیسی: The current study aimed at investigating the relationship between life-wise syllabus- as a new type of syllabus which emerged as the result of recent developments in applied ELT and corresponding to the "education for life"- and teacher success in an EFL context. Life-wise syllabus introduced by Pishghadam in 2011 directed English teachers’ attention to give priority to life issues rather than language in class. These new concepts encourage curriculum development based on life and all of its manifestations which is the core principle of humanistic education. Then teaching should not only comprise mathematics, chemistry, or literature, but also emotions, relationships, attitudes, thinking styles, feelings, and states of mind. Due to the recent emergence of this syllabus and the dearth of research over its effectiveness, this research study was carried out to shed more light on the issue. To this end, 200 teachers- 100 from private sector and 100 from public sector- and their 1771 students were chosen as the participants of the research study from Mashhad and Ghaen cities. In this study, the teachers were given "Life-Responsive Language Teaching beliefs Questionnaire" (hereafter LRLTB), and their students were given the "Characteristics of Successful EFL Teachers Questionnaire" (hereafter CSET). The results of the correlational study indicated that the main variables and also their subscales were highly correlated. The comparison between male and female teachers regarding correlation between variables did not show any significant difference. But the comparison between private and public school teachers in terms of the relationship between the variables displayed that they were more strongly correlated for the latter.
- انتشار مقاله: 28-01-1395
- نویسندگان: Hamid Khosravany Fard,Reza Pishghadam,Azar Hosseini Fatemi
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Applied Research on English Language
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Iran,Questionnaire,reliability,imagined communities,Model,validity
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: This study aimed to overcome the researchers' extreme attention to essentially qualitative methods in research on language learners' imagined communities and move towards quantification in order to achieve a more tangible image of this construct. To do so, the present researchers followed three main phases. First, a hypothesized model of language learners' imagined communities with eight components was developed for the Iranian context based on the wide-ranging readings of the literature on imagined communities, consultations with experts and interviews with language learners. Second, a questionnaire was developed and validated based on the model to represent its components. Finally, the data collected through the questionnaire were fed into the model to see to what extent the model fit the data. The initial results showed poor values; however, the model was trimmed by removing one item from the questionnaire, and final statistical indices showed that the model was fit.
- انتشار مقاله: 28-10-1397
- نویسندگان: Nahid Soltanian,Zargham Ghapanchi,Reza Pishghadam
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Applied Research on English Language
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Vocabulary,Retention,Emotioncy,Emo-sensory Quotient,Embodied Cognition,Multisensory Learning
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Given the vital role that vocabulary plays in learning a language along with the fact that sense-induced emotions are noteworthy due to their influence on cognition, this study examined the impact of emotioncy-based language instruction on the long-term memory (LTM) vocabulary retention of Iranian EFL learners. To this end, 32 participants were selected based on their level of trait/state anxiety, working memory span, language proficiency, neophobia, and emotioncy towards the selected words to be instructed. Two weeks after the instruction session, the participants were given a retention test. To compare the mean scores of each participant exposed to the three emotioncy-based language instruction conditions
(i.e., avolvement, exvolvement, and involvement), a one-way repeated measures ANOVA was employed. The results showed that the participants outperformed in recalling the words that were taught through the involvement level of the hierarchy of the emotioncy model in comparison to those taught through the exvolvement level as what is currently practiced in language classrooms. Finally, drawing on the concepts of emotioncy, emo-sensory quotient, embodied cognition, and multisensory learning, the study elaborates on the value of senses in evoking emotions conducive to cognition and memory enhancement. After all, the study suggests that senses act as the main gears that stimulate the evocation of certain emotions, and the resultant emotions shape cognition, resulting in better LTM retention of vocabulary items.- انتشار مقاله: 15-09-1397
- نویسندگان: Haniyeh Jajarmi,Reza Pishghadam
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Applied Research on English Language
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Stroke,Language Learning,Willingness to Attend Classes
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Given the significance of teacher care and its impact on student motivation, stroke as a unit of recognition seems to be related to motivation for class attendance and language learning. In this regard, this paper aimed to investigate the role of stroke in students’ willingness to attend classes (WTAC) and their foreign language achievement (FLA) in the foreign language context. To this end, a scale was developed and validated through structural equation modeling (SEM) to measure learners` WTAC. A total number of 260 English as a foreign language (EFL) learners completed the newly developed scale along with the stroke scale. Regression analysis was used to examine the relationships among the variables. The results demonstrated that WTAC, Non-verbal, and Valuing subscales of stroke were the strongest predictors and Teacher Characteristics (TCH) subscale of WTAC was the only predictor for FLA. Finally, the results were discussed, and some implications were provided for educational settings.
تاثیر نوازه بر تمایل به شرکت در کلاس درس و یادگیری زبان خارجی
با توجه به اهمیت توجه معلم و تاثیر آن بر انگیزه شاگردان، نوازه به عنوان واحد دیده شدن افراد، به نظر می رسد با انگیزه شاگردان برای شرکت در کلاس و یادگیری زبان ارتباط دارد. در همین راستا، در این پژوهش به دنبال بررسی نقش نوازه در تمایل به شرکت در کلاس درس و یادگیری زبان خارجی هستیم. بدین منظور، پرسشنامه ای برای سنجش میزان تمایل برای شرکت در کلاس با مدل معادلات ساختاری تهیه و هنجاریابی گردید. از 260 نفر فراگیر زبان انگلیسی خواسته شد به این پرسشنامه و پرسشنامه نوازه پاسخ دهند. از تحلیل رگرسیون برای بررسی ارتباطات بین زیر سازه ها استفاده شد. نتایج نشان داد پرسشنامه جدید با زیر سازه غیر کلامی و ارزشیابی نوازه و ویژگیهای معلمی با یادگیری زبان ارتباط معنادار دارد. در پایان، نتایج بحث شد و برخی از کاربردهای این پژوهش برای محیطهای آموزشی ارایه شد.
کلیدواژه ها: نوازه، تمایل به شرکت در کلاس، حضور در کلاس، یادگیری زبان خارجی
- انتشار مقاله: 25-07-1395
- نویسندگان: Fatima Rajabnejad,Reza Pishghadam,Fahmie Saboori
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Applied Research on English Language
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: L2 writing,narrative intelligence,depth and breadth of vocabulary,Grammar,verbal intelligence,Discriminant function analysis
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: The major aim of this paper was to investigate the validity of language and
intelligence factors for classifying Iranian English learners` writing performance.
Iranian participants of the study took three tests for grammar, breadth, and depth of
vocabulary, and two tests for verbal and narrative intelligence. They also produced a
corpus of argumentative writings in answer to IELTS specimen. Several runs of
discriminant function analyses were used to examine the classifying power of the five
variables for discriminating between low and high ability L2 writers. The results
revealed that among language factors, depth of vocabulary (collocational knowledge)
produces the best discriminant function. In general, narrative intelligence was found
to be the most reliable predictor for membership in low or high groups. It was also
found that, among the five sub-abilities of narrative intelligence, emplotment carries
the highest classifying value. Finally, the applications and implications of the results
for second language researchers, cognitive scientists, and applied linguists were
discussed.- انتشار مقاله: 02-10-1391
- نویسندگان: Reza Pishghadam,Mohammad Ali Shams
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Applied Research on English Language
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: globalization,Colonialism,postcolonialism,linguistic imperialism,postmodernism,Localization,Iranian TEFL
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Teaching English in an Iranian and Islamic culture poses complex questions for both teachers
and learners. In this paper, the authors intend to shed light on what it means to teach English as
a foreign language (TEFL) in an Islamic-Iranian context. Having reviewed the colonial and
postmodern views of English language teaching, the authors took a look beyond the current state
of TEFL in Iran, which is marked by its continuing global tendency, and into the future with an
emphasis on the importance of including the local specificities of the Iranian culture and
religion. The status of the TEFL in Iran and the direction it should take in the future are
accompanied by offering some solutions to inherent problems. Iranian TEFL is introduced as
the successful assertion of Iranian local culture against the cultural and ideological domination
of the West, which can be an antidote to the harshness of all marginalizations Iranians have
suffered for centuries.- انتشار مقاله: 16-08-1390
- نویسندگان: Reza Pishghadam,Reza Zabihi
- مشاهده