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کاربرد نوع شرط:
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Iranian Journal of Geophysics
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Onsite earthquake early warnings,KiK-net,P wave,PGV,Parametric criteria
- چکیده: In recent years, rapid estimation of Peak Ground Motion (PGM) and Modified Mercalli Intensity (MMI) based on a few seconds of the initial portion of wave has been studied as the most important part of the onsite Earthquake Early Warning (EEW) systems studies. To establish an onsite EEW, we need the empirical relationship between earthquake size, PGM and epicentral distance in real-time mode. In some EEWs, the epicentral distance is estimated from the amplitude growth rate of a few seconds of P waves. Many studies have empirically confirmed that the growth rate becomes smaller as epicentral distance becomes far. This relation is true regardless of the earthquake size. In the current study, five parametric criteria including , , , and are proposed for quick detection of destructive oncoming strong motions at a specific target based on ground motions of the first 4 seconds of Japan event waveforms where and parameters represent the characteristics of wave envelope curve in a simple function with the form of . In this study, parameter is inversely proportional to epicentral distance which can be readily estimated within a given short time after P waves’ arrival. , and are the initial peak ground acceleration, velocity and displacement, respectively. The current study represent five thresholds parameters including , , , and in order to warn a Peak Ground Velocity ( ) greater than about 10 cm/sec which are clustered in strong shaking with Modified Mercalli Intensity ( ) larger than . Therefore, destructive earthquakes can be detected form the maximum amplitudes and growth rate of few seconds of P waves by using mentioned parametric criteria.
- چکیده انگلیسی: In recent years, rapid estimation of Peak Ground Motion (PGM) and Modified Mercalli Intensity (MMI) based on a few seconds of the initial portion of wave has been studied as the most important part of the onsite Earthquake Early Warning (EEW) systems studies. To establish an onsite EEW, we need the empirical relationship between earthquake size, PGM and epicentral distance in real-time mode. In some EEWs, the epicentral distance is estimated from the amplitude growth rate of a few seconds of P waves. Many studies have empirically confirmed that the growth rate becomes smaller as epicentral distance becomes far. This relation is true regardless of the earthquake size. In the current study, five parametric criteria including , , , and are proposed for quick detection of destructive oncoming strong motions at a specific target based on ground motions of the first 4 seconds of Japan event waveforms where and parameters represent the characteristics of wave envelope curve in a simple function with the form of . In this study, parameter is inversely proportional to epicentral distance which can be readily estimated within a given short time after P waves’ arrival. , and are the initial peak ground acceleration, velocity and displacement, respectively. The current study represent five thresholds parameters including , , , and in order to warn a Peak Ground Velocity ( ) greater than about 10 cm/sec which are clustered in strong shaking with Modified Mercalli Intensity ( ) larger than . Therefore, destructive earthquakes can be detected form the maximum amplitudes and growth rate of few seconds of P waves by using mentioned parametric criteria.
- انتشار مقاله: 08-10-1398
- نویسندگان: Reza Heidari,Reza Heidari,Reza Heidari
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Women’s Health Bulletin
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: anxiety,Therapeutics,Empathy,Interpersonal relationships
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background: Anxiety disorders are psychiatric illnesses that are most common in developing countries. Obesity is thought to be a risk factor for anxiety and intimate relationship disorders. The aim of the present paper was to investigate the effect of compassion-focused therapy on social anxiety and interpersonal relationships among women on an overweight diet 2019-2020.
Methods: The study research design was quasi-experimental with a control group, pre-test, and post-test. We narrowed down 100 women according to the inclusion criteria; among them, we randomly selected 30 women on an overweight diet referring to the diet therapy clinics in Tehran province from December 2019 to April 2020. Afterwards, they were randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. The experimental group (n=15) was treated with compassion-focused therapy for ten weekly 90-minute sessions while the control group (n=15) did not receive any treatment. At the start of the study, after 10 weeks, all participants were tested using the Social Phobia Inventory (SPIN) and the Revised Communication Skills Questionnaire (RCSQ) methods. In addition to descriptive statistics, we used Chi-squared, independent, and dependent t tests to interpret the results; we employed the SPSS-25 program for all the analyses.
Results: According to Mean±SD, there was a significant difference between the experimental (1.41±0.03) and control (2.01±0.43) groups regarding social anxiety and regarding interpersonal relationships there was a significant difference between the experimental (2.50±0.21) and control (1.83±0.21) groups, respectively. The experimental group had significantly lower post-test scores in terms of social anxiety (P=0.04) and interpersonal relationships (P=0.001). Moreover, there was a significant change in the experimental group from the pre-test to the post-test concerning all components of social anxiety (P=0.001) and interpersonal relationships (P=0.001).
Conclusion: The findings showed that compassion-focused therapy could help with overweightness. Therefore, this intervention program is recommended for preventing social anxiety and interpersonal relationships among women on an overweight diet.- انتشار مقاله: 15-04-1399
- نویسندگان: Parichehr Sadr Nafisi,Zahra Eftekhar Saadi,Fariba Hafezi,Alireza Heidari
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Trends in Pharmaceutical Sciences
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: toxicity,aromatic water,Oriental Plane Distillate,Platanus orientalis
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Oriental plane hydrosol (distillate), as a remedy for weight gain and asthma treatment is popular in ethnomedicine. Phytochemicals of medicinal plants could have side effects or serious damages. In this study, the oriental plane hydrosol was prepared by steam distillation. Also, tree oriental plane hydrosol samples from different companies were purchased from herbal market to compare the constituents. The phytochemicals in hexane and chloroform extracts of the hydrosols were identified by GC-MS analysis. In order to investigate subacute toxicity, the hydrosol was given to groups of 6 of male mice at doses of 10, 50, 100, 300 or 500 µl/ mouse/ twice a day by gavage for 14 consecutive days (subacute toxicity) or just for one day (acute toxicity). Serologic and pathologic samples were prepared. Chloroform extracts contained mostly (Z) -3-hexenol, thymol, carvacrol, camphor and the main constituents of hexane extracts include decane, dodecane and hexadecane. The results showed lack of serologic toxicity in subacute consumption of the hydrosol. In acute toxicity study, the levels of ALT, LDH, and BUN increased significantly. Other enzymes did not change significantly in compare to the control group. No significant pathologic damage was seen in heart or lung tissues, but the liver and kidney showed mild inflammation in acute toxicity study and inflammation in subacute toxicity studies. Determination of compounds which are responsible for the observed effects and especially safety of this hydrosol consumption for the longer periods can prevent side effects or possible toxicities.
- انتشار مقاله: 20-07-1399
- نویسندگان: Reza Heidari,Akbar Raeisi,Ardalan Pasdaran,Azadeh Hamedi
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Trends in Pharmaceutical Sciences
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Mitochondria,weakness,Cirrhosis,Cell death,Energy crisis,Muscle waste
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Cirrhosis-associated muscle mass loss or sarcopenia is a common complication (17-30% prevalence) in cirrhotic patients. However, the pathogenesis of this complication is poorly understood. Therefore, finding the mechanisms of sarcopenia could lead to the development of therapeutic strategies against this complication. In the current study, rats underwent bile duct ligation (BDL) surgery, and their skeletal muscle (gastrocnemius; GS) was isolated and assessed 28 and 56 days after BDL operation. Significant increase in biomarkers of oxidative stress, including reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation, lipid peroxidation, and increased oxidized glutathione (GSSG) levels were detected in the muscle of cirrhotic animals. Skeletal muscle tissue antioxidant capacity and reduced glutathione (GSH) were also significantly decreased in BDL rats. Moreover, deterioration of several mitochondrial indices, including mitochondrial depolarization, increased mitochondrial permeabilization, depleted ATP reservoirs, and decreased mitochondrial dehydrogenases activity, were evident in the GS isolated from cirrhotic rats. Based on these data, oxidative stress and mitochondrial impairment seem to play as primary mechanisms of cirrhosis-induced sarcopenia.
- انتشار مقاله: 15-05-1399
- نویسندگان: Omid Farshad,Mohammad Mehdi Ommati,Jale Yüzügülen,Sahand Alizadeh,Khadijeh Mousavi,Negar Azarpira,Anahita Marhonian,Akram Jamshidzadeh,Reza Heidari
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Trends in Pharmaceutical Sciences
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Antioxidant,Stress,Surgery,mitochondrion,Energy crisis
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Surgery-associated small intestine damage is a clinical complication. It has been found that opening the abdominal cavity during surgery and manipulation of organs, including the intestine, could lead to intestinal barrier disintegrity and the entrance of pathogens to the systemic circulation. Hence, finding agents to protect the intestine during surgical manipulation could have clinical value. Oxidative stress and enterocytes mitochondrial dysfunction and energy (ATP) crisis are the proposed mechanisms for surgery-induced intestinal damage. N-acetylcysteine (NAC) is a thiol reducing agent and radical scavenging molecule which is widely investigated for its pharmacological properties. The current study was designed to evaluate the effects of NAC treatment on the surgery-induced mitochondrial dysfunction in an animal model. Rats were treated with NAC (500 and 1000 mg/kg, oral) and underwent surgical stress. Afterward, the small intestine mitochondria were isolated and assessed. The effects of surgical stress on small intestine mitochondrial was revealed as a significant decrease in mitochondrial dehydrogenase activity, mitochondrial depolarization, decreased mitochondrial ATP levels, and mitochondrial permeabilization. Moreover, the level of alkaline phosphatase secretion from the intestinal brush border was increased. It was found that NAC treatment significantly alleviated ALP levels, and improved mitochondrial indices when this drug was pre-treated (1 week) to rats. Collectively, it could be concluded that NAC treatment might be a therapeutic approach against surgery-induced intestinal damage. The effects of NAC on mitochondrial function seem to has a pivotal role in its protective mechanism of action.
- انتشار مقاله: 16-01-1399
- نویسندگان: Reza Heidari,Khadijeh Mousavi,Shayesteh Amin,Mohammad Mehdi Ommati,Hossein Niknahad
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Trends in Pharmaceutical Sciences
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: oxidative stress,Mitochondria,Liver failure,cholestasis,Bile Acids,Bioenergetics
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Different diseases or xenobiotics could cause cholestasis. The only promising treatment for this disease is the identification of its etiology or liver transplantation in severe cases. Nevertheless, preserving liver function could delay organ injury or help to the treatment of the disease in mild cases. The mechanism of cholestasis-induced liver injury is multifactorial. However, it has been found that hepatocyte mitochondrial function is impaired in this disease. Methylene blue (MB) is a phenothiazine compound. MB is pharmacologically used for a wide range of diseases. It has been found that this compound could significantly improve mitochondrial function and prevent the releases of cell death mediators from this organelle. MB is also well-known for its preventing effect on mitochondria-facilitating reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation. It has been found that mitochondrial function is impaired in the liver tissue in different models of cholestasis. The current study aimed to evaluate the effects of MB administration on mitochondrial indices in cholestatic animals. Rats underwent bile duct ligation (BDL) surgery and treated with MB (0.5 and 1 mg/kg, oral). Significant mitochondrial permeabilization, mitochondrial membrane depolarization, lipid peroxidation, decreased mitochondrial dehydrogenase activity, and depleted ATP content was evident in BDL rats. It was found that mitochondrial indices improved in MB-treated cholestatic animals. Based on the data collected in this study, MB might be useful as a therapeutic agent in cholestasis. The mitochondria protecting properties of this compound could play a major role in its mechanism of action.
- انتشار مقاله: 16-01-1399
- نویسندگان: Reza Heidari,Asrin Ahmadi,Mohammad Mehdi Ommati,Hossein Niknahad
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Trends in Pharmaceutical Sciences
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Neurodegeneration,oxidative stress,ATP,Neurotoxicity,Mitochondrial impairment
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a neurodegenerative disease. Although multiple factors are involved in the pathogenesis of MS, there are several lines of evidence that oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction are involved in neuronal demyelination and deterioration of MS symptoms. Hence, compounds that could modulate mitochondrial function and decrease mitochondria-mediated ROS formation might be able to decrease MS symptoms. Methylene blue (MB) is a compound widely used in the treatment of central nervous system disease (e.g., Alzheimer's disease). It has been found that MB could robustly suppress mitochondria-mediated ROS formation at low concentrations. The current study was designed to evaluate the effect of MB on neuronal demyelination, mitochondrial function, and ROS formation in an animal model of MS. C57BL/6 male mice received cuprizone (0.1% w: w in chow diet for 42 consecutive days). MB (0.5 and 1 mg/kg, oral) was simultaneously administered. Significant demyelination was detected in CPZ-treated animals, which confirm the induction of MS in the mice model. Decreased animals’ locomotor activity, including significant suppression of open field movement, stride length, and decreased time on the rotarod, was evident in CPZ-treated mice. Mitochondrial indices, including significantly elevated lipid peroxidation, mitochondrial depolarization, significant mitochondrial permeabilization, and decreased ATP levels, were also detected in the CPZ group. It was found that MB administration significantly improved animals’ locomotor activity and mitochondrial indices in the current animal model of MS. The effects of MB on mitochondria and mitochondria-mediated ROS formation might play a fundamental role in the protective effects of this compound.
- انتشار مقاله: 10-12-1398
- نویسندگان: Mohammad Mehdi Ommati,Negar Azarpira,Forouzan Khodaei,Hossein Niknahad,Vahideh Gozashtegan,Reza Heidari
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Trends in Pharmaceutical Sciences
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Cytotoxicity,Onion extract,Allium cepa ,Hepatocytes,Mitochondrial membrane potential
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Acetaminophen (acetyl-para-amino phenol; APAP)-induced hepatotoxicity is the most common form of drug-induced liver injury (DILI) worldwide. APAP is also used as a model drug to assess hepatoprotective strategies against DILI. In the current study, the potential cytoprotective effects of Allium cepa (Onion) extract (OE) was investigated in APAP-treated hepatocytes. Isolated hepatocytes were prepared with the collagenase perfusion of rat liver. Isolated hepatocytes (10 mL, 106 cells/mL) were incubated in the Krebs Henseleit buffer (pH = 7.4) in continuously rotating 50 mL round bottom flasks, under an atmosphere of carbogen (95% O2 and 5% CO2) in a 37 °C water bath. Cytotoxicity, ROS formation, and mitochondrial membrane potential collapse were assessed as oxidative stress markers. APAP administration to rat hepatocytes (500 µM) was accompanied by cytotoxicity, ROS formation, depletion of cellular glutathione (GSH) reservoirs, and mitochondrial depolarization. It was found that OE administration (100 µL) significantly reduced cell death, ROS formation, and its consequences, such as the decrease in cellular GSH and mitochondrial injury induced by APAP. These results indicate that the crude extract of Allium cepa exhibits hepatoprotective action, probably through antioxidative properties and protecting vital cellular organelles such as mitochondria.
- انتشار مقاله: 15-08-1398
- نویسندگان: Mohammad Ali Eghbal,Mahdiyeh Anoush,Ahmad Ghoreyshi,Reza Heidari
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Trends in Pharmaceutical Sciences
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: oxidative stress,amino acid,Nutraceuticals,Cytoprotection,Mitochondrial cytopathies
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Taurine (TAU) is the most abundant free amino acid in the human body. High concentrations of this amino acid are found in tissues such as the skeletal muscle, brain, and kidney. Recently, a focus has emerged on the effects of TAU on cellular mitochondria. It has been found that TAU could positively affect this organelle by enhancing mitochondrial membrane potential, increasing ATP levels, and mitigating mitochondria-mediated ROS formation. The current study aimed to evaluate the effect of a wide range of TAU concentrations (0.01 mM-1000 mM) on mitochondrial function. Mice liver mitochondria were isolated and exposed to different concentrations of TAU (30 min). Several indices, including mitochondrial depolarization, dehydrogenases activity, permeabilization, and ATP content, were monitored. It was found that TAU supplementation significantly enhanced parameters such as mitochondrial ATP levels and mitochondrial membrane potential in comparison with the control group. Moreover, TAU prevented Ca2+-induced mitochondrial permeabilization. This amino acid revealed no significant adverse effect on isolated mitochondria even at very high and supra-physiological concentrations (e.g., 100, 250, and 500 mM). These data suggest TAU as an ideal and safe agent to protect mitochondria against toxic insults or regulating cellular function in different mitochondria-linked disorders.
- انتشار مقاله: 21-08-1398
- نویسندگان: Hamidreza Mohammadi,Mohammad Mehdi Ommati,Omid Farshad,Akram Jamshidzadeh,Mohammad Reza Nikbakht,Hossein Niknahad,Reza Heidari
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Trends in Pharmaceutical Sciences
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Staphylococcus aureus,enterotoxin genes,pathogenicity,Multiplex-PCR
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is a pathogen in community-acquired or hospital infections. Hence, the identification of this pathogen in clinical samples is a health concern and demands continued surveillance and close monitoring. In the current study, S. aureus strains were isolated from various clinical specimens in the Shariati Hospital, Tehran, Iran. Samples were studied to discover S. aureus enterotoxin-coding genes A (sea), B (seb), C (sec), and D (sed). It was found that 21% enterotoxigenic S. aureus harbored sea gene, 39% were carried seb gene, 37% were positive for sec-gene, and 3% were carried sed gene. None of all S. aureus strains harbored more than one of the enterotoxigenic genes. Based on the data obtained from the current study, it could be suggested that seb and sec genes are good candidates for the identification of S. aureus in clinical specimens. Further investigations are required to discover the association between these genes and the pathogenicity of this bacteria, and finally using these data in clinical settings.
- انتشار مقاله: 15-08-1398
- نویسندگان: Vahid Ghanbarinejad,Aboozar Kazemi,Mina Zareei,Reza Heidari,Hossein Hassanian-Moghaddam
- مشاهده