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کاربرد نوع شرط:
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Journal of Oral Health and Oral Epidemiology
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: specificity,Sensitivity,Halitosis,Halimeter,Instrumental Measurement
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: BACKGROUND AND AIM: Various measurement devices are available for detection of halitosis. For epidemiologic studies, it is necessary to use a portable and small device. This study aimed to investigation of correlation between measuring the device (Etiquette checker) with Halimeter. METHODS: One hundred volunteers (students and patients) participated in this study. The amount of volatile sulfur compounds was carried out by Halimeter and compared with Etiquette measurement. The sensitivity and specificity of Etiquette checker was detected comparing with Halimeter. RESULTS: The sensitivity and specificity test with Etiquette checker were 86% and 100%, respectively. The best sensitive and specific point of this device was no. 2 for mouth odor detection. CONCLUSION: Etiquette checker had acceptable sensitivity and specificity for detection of oral malodor. In the future epidemiologic studies, this device could be used.
- انتشار مقاله: 31-03-1393
- نویسندگان: Shahla Kakoei,Alireza Babak-Amini,Sina Kakooei
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Journal of Rehabilitation Sciences and Research
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Stroke,Ankle-foot orthosis,Functional Balance,Rocker Bottom Shoe
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background: One of the disorders in stroke patients is asymmetrical posture, which leads to decreased movement and balance control. An ankle-foot orthosis (AFO) is the most common orthopedic device used in patients with post-stroke hemiplegia, and are often utilized with shoes. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect, in stroke patients, of rocker bottom shoes on an AFO in the clinical assessments of balance compared to standard shoes on an AFO.
Methods: This quasi-experimental study involved 10 chronic stroke patients. The evaluated individuals were under four conditions using rocker bottom shoes and standard shoes coupled with a rigid AFO immediately, and after a 3-week adaptation. The walking speed was assessed using a 10-m walk test (10 MWT), and the clinical assessments of balance were evaluated using the Timed-Up and Go test (TUG) and the Functional Reach Test (FRT).
Results: The findings revealed that wearing rocker bottom shoes on the AFO significantly increased walking speed, the distance on the FRT, and reduced the TUG compared to wearing standard shoes on the AFO (p < 0.05).
Conclusion: The study indicated that stroke patients showed an improvement in walking speed and functional balance when utilizing the AFOs with rocker bottom shoes. This outcome could be a possibility in application by doctors to prescribe this type of footwear for individuals who have had a stroke.- انتشار مقاله: 11-03-1399
- نویسندگان: Shabnam Masoumi,Gholamreza Aminian,Aliyeh Daryabor
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Journal of Kerman University of Medical Sciences
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Distal leg injury,Exposed orthopedic implants,Sural flap
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background & Aims: Distal leg, ankle and foot injuries are relatively common; and because of lack of soft tissue and poor blood supply in these areas, one of the common problems in these patients is soft tissue necrosis. Exposed orthopedic implants can be used as open reduction internal fixator (ORIF) in these regions. Methods: During 2013-2014, 14 patients (11 men and 3 women) with a mean age of 30 years were enrolled the study in the Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shafa Hospital, Kerman, Iran. All the patients were referred from the Department of Orthopedic Surgery because of exposed orthopedic implants. The minimum and maximum size of the defects was 3 × 5 and 11 × 15 cm, respectively. 7 defects were in distal leg, 3 in foot, 2 in ankle and 2 in distal leg and ankle together. After measuring the defect, sural flap based on sural artery and nerve was prepared and transferred with a rotation of 180 degrees to the defect site over the exposed orthopedic implants, before the separation. Results: In all 14 patients, the healing was complete. In 2 cases, we had to remove the prostheses because of infection and in 3 cases, partial necrosis was seen; and in 4 cases, a hypertrophic scar was seen in donor site and a neurosensorial deficit was seen in the sural nerve sensory areas. But in all of them, the sural flap was successful and there was no need to replace this flap to another one. Conclusion: Due to the good clinical results, sural flap can be a viable alternative to cover the exposed prostheses of distal leg, ankle and foot.
- انتشار مقاله: 24-04-1395
- نویسندگان: Mahmood Reza Ashab-Yamin,Amir Reza Sadeghifar,Alireza Saiid,Maryam Gharehgozli
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Journal of Industrial and Systems Engineering
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Train timetabling,Urban rail,uncertain demand, robust stochastic programming
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: In the context of public transportation system, improving the service quality and robustness through minimizing the average passengers waiting time is a real challenge. This study provides robust stochastic programming models for train timetabling problem in urban rail transit systems. The objective is minimization of the weighted summation of the expected cost of passenger waiting time, its variance and the penalty function including the capacity violation due to overcrowding. In the proposed formulations, the dynamic and uncertain travel demand is represented by the scenario-based multi-period arrival rates of passenger. Two versions of the robust stochastic programming models are developed and a comparative analysis is conducted to testify the tractability of the models. The effectiveness of the proposed stochastic programming model was demonstrated through the application to Tehran underground urban railway. The outcomes show the reductions in expected passenger waiting time of 22%, and cost variance drop of 60% compared with the baseline plans using the proposed robust optimization approach.
- انتشار مقاله: 12-08-1394
- نویسندگان: Erfan Hassannayebi,Seyed Hessameddin Zegordi,Mohammad Reza Amin-Naseri,Masoud Yaghini
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Journal of Communication Engineering
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Routing,Energy Saving,Wireless Sensor Network,Network Lifetime,GATEWAY
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Recently, wireless sensor network (WSN) is the popular scope of research. It uses too many applications such as military and non-military. WSN is a base of the Internet of Things (IoT), pervasive computing. It consists of many nodes which are deployed in a specific filed for sense and forward data to the destination node. Routing in WSN is a very important issue because of the limitation of the energy of each sensor node. Energy is supplied from a battery and in many situations, it impossible to change the battery of sensor nodes. With power control of each sensor node can improve energy efficiency and the network lifetime. In this paper, a method proposes for energy saving issue of routing. It uses clustering with the advance network coupling model based on a geographic method for routing. This new algorithm is based on gateway nodes to save more energy of nodes and decrease the average end-to-end delay for delivery of data packets. Simulation results clearly show that the new proposed method can improve the average energy consumption of the network by at least 32.5% and increase the network lifetime by at least 87.14% than other approaches.
- انتشار مقاله: 18-08-1397
- نویسندگان: Shahrokh Vahabi,Mahmood Lahabi,Mohammadreza Eslaminejad,Seyed Ebrahim Dashti
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Journal of Dental Materials and Techniques
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Shear strength,Dowel amalgam,Post Amalgam
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Introduction: Amalgam, which can be applied with or without dowel, is one of the commonly used restorative materials for core restoration in pulpless teeth. The current study aimed to compare the shear strength of amalgam cores with and without dowel. Methods: A total number of 20 recently extracted mandibular premolars were assigned to two groups of 10 equal specimens, including group I: dowel amalgam restored with prefabricated dowel and amalgam core and group II: post-amalgam restored with amalgam as a post and core. All Specimens were stored at humidity and room temperature prior to testing. Each specimen was carefully placed in a special jig at a 90-degree angle to the axis of teeth and subjected to a load that was recorded in kgf on a Zwick/material testing machine at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min until failure. Independent T-test was used to compare the results. Results: Based on the obtained results, the mean shear strengths were reported as 37.7±10.49 and 16.8±6.37 kgf for dowel amalgam and post-amalgam, respectively. There was a statistically significant difference between the two groups (P<0.0001). Conclusions: The obtained results demonstrated a significant difference between the two groups. Accordingly, the use of dowel with amalgam to restore pulpless teeth has higher compressive strength, as compared to the use of post-amalgam
- انتشار مقاله: 19-09-1398
- نویسندگان: Sina Abyari,Parviz Amini,Abbas Zafari,Reza Amini,Lida Lashkarizadeh Bami
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Journal of Dental Materials and Techniques
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Acidogenicity,Plaque PH,Plain yoghurt,Fruit yoghurt,cariogenicity
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Introduction: Nowadays, thanks to improvements in fruit yoghurt tastes, more tendencies are seen in their consumption especially among children. Therefore, their cariogenicity evaluation as healthy snacks is important. The goal of this study was the assessment of the consumption effect of two kinds of Iranian fruit (apple) and plain yoghurts on dental plaque PH. Methods: In this experimental study, 10 healthy dentistry students were selected upon inclusion criteria. Plaque pH in the certain areas of the mouth was measured by microelectrode and digital pH meter. PH was measured at the baseline and intervals of 2, 5, 7, 10, 15, 20, 30, 40, 50 and 60 minutes after eating test products: fruit yoghurt (apple) and plain Yoghurt. For positive control group, just the baseline PH and at intervals of 2 and 5 min after swishing with 10% sucrose solutions were recorded. The results were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA. Results: Lowest pH was obtained after fruit yoghurt consumption followed by plain yoghurt and %10 sucrose solution and the plaque PH difference was significant (P=0.05). Furthermore, time duration which remained below the critical pH was longer after consuming fruit yoghurt. Conclusion: Both kinds of yoghurts were considered cariogenic since plaque pH drop below critical points. Average of plaque pH after consuming fruit yoghurt was significantly lower in almost all the time intervals
- انتشار مقاله: 26-02-1396
- نویسندگان: Payvand Moeiny,Sahar Sayahpour,Farhad Raofie,Alireza Aminikhah,Mohamad Javad Kharazifard
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Iranian Journal of Veterinary Medicine
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Cat,citrate,Cynodon dactylon,gamma glutamyl transferase,oxalate
- چکیده: زمینه مطالعه: اگزالات و سیترات ادرار در تشکیل سنگ ادراری اگزالات کلسیم و گاما گلوتامیل ترانسفراز در ارزیابی آسیب کلیه در گربه ها نقش کلیدی دارند. اثرات مطلوب Cynodon dactylon در جلوگیری از تشکیل سنگ اگزالات کلسیم در رت ها به اثبات رسیده است.
هدف: مطالعه ی حاضر به منظور ارزیابی تغییرات مقادیر اگزالات، سیترات و GGT ادرار پس از تجویز عصاره ی C. dactylon به گربه هایی که به طور تجربی هایپر اگزالوریک شده اند، صورت گرفته است. تا کنون هیچ تحقیقی به منظور بررسی اثرات مفید این گیاه در گربه ها صورت نگرفته است.
روش کار: 13 گربه نر بالغ به طور اتفاقی به 3 گروه تقسیم شدند. گروه A جیره استاندارد و آب آشامیدنی دریافت کرده در حالیکه گروه های B و C، روزانه اتیلن گلیکول نیز با دوز غیر سمی (mg/kg 130) به مدت 30 روز دریافت کردند. گروه C، به همراه اتیلن گلیکول عصاره ی آبی الکلی (C. dactylon (mg/kg 400 را نیز از روز صفر تا 30 دریافت نمود. نمونه های ادرار در روز های 0، 15 و 30 جمع آوری شده و از نظر اگزالات، سیترات و GGT مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفتند.
نتایج: اگزالات ادرار در گروه B در روز های 15 و 30، به طور معنا داری بیشتر از گروه C بوده و سیترات ادرار در گروه C در روز 15 نسبت به سایر گروه ها بالاتر بوده است. گرچه سیترات ادرار در کل طول مطالعه در گروه های B و C روند کاهشی داشته است. سطح گاما گلوتامیل ترانسفراز ادرار در طول مطالعه در گربه های هایپر اگزالوریک افزایش و در گروه درمانی کاهش یافته است.
نتیجه گیری نهایی: بر اساس نتایج ما، عصاره ی C.dactylon سبب کاهش هایپر اگزالوری شده و اثرات مطلوبی در پیشگیری از آسیب کلیه در گربه ها دارد. این یافته ها توضیحات علمی جهت به کار بردن C.dactylon در پیشگیری و درمان احتمالی سنگ کلیه در گربه ها و انسان ها ارائه می دهند.- چکیده انگلیسی: BACKGROUND: Urinary oxalate and citrate are the key
factors in caox urolithiasis of cats and Gamma Glutamyl
Transferase is a good test for assessment of kidney damage.
Favorable effects of Cynodon dactylon on calcium oxalate stone
formation have recently been proved in rats. OBJECTIVES: The
present study was designed to investigate the alteration of
urinary oxalate, citrate, and GGT after administration of the
hydroalcoholic extract of Cynodon dactylon to experimental
hyperoxaluric cats. No scientific study has been done so far to
demonstrate the beneficial effect of this plant in cats. METHODS:
13 mature male cats were randomly divided into 3 groups: group
Areceived standard diet and drinking water while, group B and
C also received ethylene glycol at sub-toxic dose (130 mg/kg)
daily for 30 days. Group C received hydroalcoholic extract of
C.dactylon (400 mg/kg) from day 0 to 30, as well. Urine samples
were collected on days 0, 15, and 30 and were analyzed for
oxalate, citrate, and GGT levels. RESULTS: Urine oxalate level
in group B was significantly higher than group C on days 15 and
30. Urinary citrate excretion was significantly higher in group C
compared to the other groups on day 15; however, it decreased
during the entire experiment in groups B and C. Urinary Gamma
Glutamyl Transferase level was increased in hyperoxaluric cats
and decreased in the treated group during the experiment.
CONCLUSIONS: Based on our results, C.dactylon extract could
reduce the hyperoxaluria and has beneficial effects on
preventing the renal damage in cats. Such findings provide a
scientific explanation for applying C.dactylon in prevention and
possible treatment of CaOx kidney stones in cats and humans.- انتشار مقاله: 18-10-1392
- نویسندگان: Saeedeh Janitabar,Abdolali Malmasi,Gholam Reza Amin,Saied Bokaie,Mohammad Molazem,Fataneh Naderinezahad,R Sharifi
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Iranian Journal of Veterinary Surgery
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Dog,Laparoscopy,Open surgery,Partial nephrectomy
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Objective- Laparoscopic partial nephrectomy (LPN) has been proven to be a safe and effective technique in human. This study was conducted to evaluate the feasibility and safety of utilizing laparoscopic partial nephrectomy in dogs and to compare this technique with open routine partial nephrectomy for the first time in Iran.
Design- Experimental study.
Animals- Sixteen large mixed-breed female dogs, weighting 22±5 kg, 1-2 years age.
Procedures- All dogs were anesthetized and positioned for surgery on left kidney. Partial nephrectomy (PN) was performed through five portals in left flank in laparoscopic group and through midline incision in open group. After renal artery was recognized and clamped, the caudal pole of kidney was resected. Then the exposed renal parenchyma was sutured. Operative time, ischemia time, incision length, clinical findings, hematological parameters, blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine and intra and post-operative complications were recorded for one month.
Results- Surgeries were performed successfully in both groups and visualization was excellent in laparoscopic group. Mean operative time was insignificantly longer in laparoscopic group. Mean ischemia time was evaluated more in laparoscopic group but total length of incisional scar was obviously longer in open cases. There was mild infection in one portal site of first group. Other parameters were assessed normal and there was no significant complication in both groups.
Conclusion and Clinical Relevance- This experience demonstrated that LPN is a safe and feasible procedure in dogs with acceptable outcomes and advantages comparing with open PN.
- انتشار مقاله: 08-04-1393
- نویسندگان: Elnaz Shariati,Jalal Bakhtiari,Alireza Aminsharifi,Amir Niasari-Naslaji,Ebrahim Shariati
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Iranian Journal of Veterinary Surgery
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Bone marrow,senescence,Mesenchymal Stem Cells,Growth Kinetics,Adipose tissue
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Objective- To investigate and compare growth potential as well as aging of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) derived from rat bone marrow tissue and adipose tissue (AT) occurred at epicardial and epididymal regions. Design- Experimental study. Animals- 10 Wistar Rats. Procedures- Rat MSCs occurred at bone marrow and epicardial and epididymal AT were isolated and culture expanded through several successive passages. Differentiation potential along bone, cartilage and adipose cell lineages was used to verify MSC identity of the isolated cells, and then the cells were comparatively investigated in terms of their colonogenic ability, population doubling time and growth curve characteristics. Furthermore, the number of senescent cells at different passages was quantified using senescent- associated (SA) ß galactosidase staining method. Results- MSCs from both AT appeared to have more proliferation capacity in culture than those from bone marrow since they exhibited significantly more colony number and shorter PDT value (P<0.05). Epicardial AT-MSCs indicated even more significant proliferation capacity than their epididymal counterparts. With respect to cell aging, marrow-MSCs cultures indicated higher percentages of senescent cells than AT-MSCs (P<0.05). Although the percentages of senescent cells in epididmal AT-MSCs were higher than epicardial AT- MSCs but the difference was not statistically significant. Conclusion and Clinical Relevance- Taken together we concluded that rat epicardial AT- MSCs could be appropriate cells for experimental and preclinical settings since they possess more expansion rate and less percentages of senescent cells in culture.
- انتشار مقاله: 20-05-1392
- نویسندگان: Mohamadreza Baghaban Eslaminejad,Soura Mardpour,Marzieh Ebrahimi
- مشاهده