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کاربرد نوع شرط:
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Journal of Membrane Science and Research
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Membrane fouling,Pretreatment,Membrane separations,Pulp and paper effluent,Fouling control,Membrane bioreactors
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Membrane separation technologies have recently received much attention, from lab-scale studies to full-scale operations, in the forest industry. However, membrane fouling comprises a signifcant obstacle to their broad application. Thus, to ensure cost-effective operation of membrane separation processes, the improved elucidation of membrane fouling and establishment of effective fouling control strategies are critical. Membrane fouling decreases process performance efciency, thereby increasing operational and maintenance costs. Although much research has been conducted in this feld, a review has not yet been undertaken to address membrane fouling in pulp and paper mill applications. Further, membrane fouling is still not fully understood. In this review, a survey of the present state of fouling management strategies in the pulp and paper industry (PPI) is presented alongside the latest advances and innovative methods in fouling management. This article also discusses the key parameters that affect membrane fouling, fouling characterization techniques, as well as fouling mechanisms and strategies that are employed for fouling control. In addition, future research opportunities related to membrane fouling control strategies in both low-pressure membranes and MBRs are proposed.
- انتشار مقاله: 26-12-1396
- نویسندگان: Alnour Bokhary,Adrianna Tikka,Mathew Leitch,Baoqiang Liao
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Journal of Membrane Science and Research
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Membrane fouling,Membrane separations,Integrated forest biorefinery,Bioproducts,Membrane reactors
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: More recently, the concept of integrated forest biorefinery (IFBR) has received much attention as a promising solution for the struggling forest industry in North America and Europe to overcome its difficult financial period and competes globally. This new business paradigm offers a broad range of potentially attractive products, from bioenergy to value-added green organic chemicals in addition to traditional pulp and paper products. However, it also implies adoption of different types of appropriate separation technologies. Recent advancements in membrane technologies and their valuable applications have resulted in numerous breakthroughs in IFBR. The review of the implementation of membrane technologies for the separation of the value-added chemicals in the integrated forest biorefinery could contribute to the knowledge required for the large-scale adoption of membrane technologies in the forest industry. This paper aims to present a state-of-the-art review on the applications and the recent advancements of membrane technologies in IFBR, and their capacities to produce value-added chemicals and bioenergy. The emphasis is given to the focus areas of IFBR, particularly: the recovery of value-added chemicals, black liquor concentration, product recovery from Kraft evaporator condensates, tall oil recovery, inorganic and inorganic compounds recovery, fermentation inhibitors removal, enzyme recovery, biobutanol and bioethanol production and recovery. The paper also discusses the challenges and opportunities of this new business paradigm of forest industries.
- انتشار مقاله: 04-09-1395
- نویسندگان: Baoqiang Liao,Alnour Bokhary,Li Cui,Hongjun Lin
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Biofuel Research Journal
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Spirulina platensis,Fermentation,Biogas upgrading,Light attenuation,Bicarbonate
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: The two-step photosynthetic biogas upgrading process, which combines CO2 capture by carbonate solution and carbonate regeneration by using aquatic microbial oxygenic photoautotrophs (i.e., cyanobacteria, algae, and diatoms), may provide a potential alternative to the commercial routes used for gaseous biofuel upgrading. Such a process not only provides a green and low energy intensive biogas upgrading pathway but also converts CO2 in biogas into high value biomass. To improve the upgrading performance, the effects of light intensity and NaHCO3 concentration on the growth and the HCO3- transformation characteristics of halophilic and alkaliphilic Spirulina platensis were investigated in this study. Experimental results showed that the light attenuation of S. platensis culture was significant. Increasing light intensity up to 210 μmol m-2 s-1 effectively improved the S. platensis growth and photosynthetic pigment accumulation. S. platensis could grow in the range of 0.05 to 0.6 M NaHCO3, and a maximum biomass concentration of 1.46 g L-1 was achieved under an optimal growth condition of 0.1 M NaHCO3, which was 65.9% higher than at 0.05 M NaHCO3. Moreover, the bicarbonate utilization efficiency reached 42.0%. Finally, in a case study, a biogas stream at a flow rate of 800 m3 h-1 could generate biomass up to 344 kg h-1, corresponding an energy value of 5591 MJ h-1.
- انتشار مقاله: 10-03-1399
- نویسندگان: Wenfan Ye,Ao Xia,Cheng Chen,Qiang Liao,Yun Huang,Xianqing Zhu,Xun Zhu
- مشاهده