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کاربرد نوع شرط:
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Journal of the Iranian Chemical Research
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: BPH,5α-reductase,Diosgenin,DHT,Seco-steroids
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a non-malignant enlargement of the prostate gland. It
is a leading disorder of the elderly male population. Excessive production of dihydrotestosterone
has been implicated in this pathological condition. Steroidal 5α-reductase is a membrane bound
NADPH dependent enzyme which is responsible for the conversion of testosterone (T) to
dihydrotestosterone (DHT). Therefore, inhibition of production of DHT by 5α-reductase
inhibitors is an important approach for the treatment of BPH. The proposed 17-oxo-17a-aza-Dhomo-
3,5-seco-steroids (17-20) have been synthesized using diosgenin as the starting material.
Diosgenin was converted to 17-oxo-3, 5-seco-4-nor-androstan-3-oic acid following six steps:
Oppenauer oxidation, Lemieux-von Rudloff oxidation, Wolff-Kishner reduction, Marker
degradation, oximation and Beckmann rearrangement. 17-Oxo-3, 5- seco-keto acid was then
converted to 17-oxo-17a-aza-D-homo-3, 5-seco-4-nor-androstan-3-oic acid by oximation
followed by Beckmann rearrangement. The resulted seco-keto acid was then treated with thionyl
chloride and the respective amines and phenols to get the desired 3, 5-seco-steroidal amides (17-
18) and esters (19-20) respectively.- انتشار مقاله: 07-03-1388
- نویسندگان: Manoj Kumar,Saurabh Aggarwal,Suresh Thareja,Preeti Arora,Priyanka Malla,Tilak Raj Bhardwaj
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Journal of Herbal Drugs
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Herbal Medicine,Traditional medicine,Alternative Medicine,Conventional medications,Dental practitioners,KAP study
- چکیده: Background & Aim: In the recent past, traditional medicines have gained increased awareness among the scientific community and general public owing to the intrinsic value of these systems. They are considered because of the drug resistance and side effects associated with allopathic medicines. Also, in a country like India, where there is availability of rich medicinal flora, herbal medicine can serve as a great alternative to overcome these disadvantages. Hence, a study was conducted to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice of herbal drugs among dental practitioners in Chennai, Tamilnadu.
Experimental: A cross-sectional study was designed where 300 practicing dentists were selected by non-probability convenience sampling. It comprised of 150 dentists with undergraduate qualification and 150 dentists with a postgraduate degree from Chennai, Tamilnadu. A questionnaire was framed containing 17 questions testing the knowledge, attitude and practice of herbal medicines.
Results: When the knowledge about herbal medicines was assessed among dental practitioners, it was found that 76% were aware about herbal drugs in general and 86% were aware of its side effects. 94.7% of the dentists were aware of the interactions of herbal drugs with other conventional medications. Even though dentists seem to have adequate knowledge and attitude of herbal drugs, there seems to be a significant variation in the practice of herbal drugs in clinical scenario
Recommended applications/ industries: From the present study, a clear cut lack in the understanding of herbal drugs is evident. Dentists and other medical practitioners are willing to learn more about it, but find it difficult to access trustworthy information and clinical evidence on the practice of such drugs. The availability of a comprehensive list of herbal drugs is imperative at this juncture, and inter-professional research has to be encouraged to bring out the highest efficiency of such drugs.- چکیده انگلیسی: Background & Aim: In the recent past, traditional medicines have gained increased awareness among the scientific community and general public owing to the intrinsic value of these systems. They are considered because of the drug resistance and side effects associated with allopathic medicines. Also, in a country like India, where there is availability of rich medicinal flora, herbal medicine can serve as a great alternative to overcome these disadvantages. Hence, a study was conducted to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice of herbal drugs among dental practitioners in Chennai, Tamilnadu.
Experimental: A cross-sectional study was designed where 300 practicing dentists were selected by non-probability convenience sampling. It comprised of 150 dentists with undergraduate qualification and 150 dentists with a postgraduate degree from Chennai, Tamilnadu. A questionnaire was framed containing 17 questions testing the knowledge, attitude and practice of herbal medicines.
Results: When the knowledge about herbal medicines was assessed among dental practitioners, it was found that 76% were aware about herbal drugs in general and 86% were aware of its side effects. 94.7% of the dentists were aware of the interactions of herbal drugs with other conventional medications. Even though dentists seem to have adequate knowledge and attitude of herbal drugs, there seems to be a significant variation in the practice of herbal drugs in clinical scenario
Recommended applications/ industries: From the present study, a clear cut lack in the understanding of herbal drugs is evident. Dentists and other medical practitioners are willing to learn more about it, but find it difficult to access trustworthy information and clinical evidence on the practice of such drugs. The availability of a comprehensive list of herbal drugs is imperative at this juncture, and inter-professional research has to be encouraged to bring out the highest efficiency of such drugs.- انتشار مقاله: 07-08-1397
- نویسندگان: Priyanka Kodaganallur Pitchumani,Dharshanram Dharshanram,Madan Kumar
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Journal of Advances in Medical Education and Professionalism
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی:
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Introduction: Pharmacology is perceived as a volatile subject asit’s difficult to recall and recite the core of the subject. Enrichingthe learning environment through incorporation of a variety ofteaching and learning strategies and methods yields enhancedlearning. Crossword puzzles provide expansion of vocabulary,stimulate thinking capacity, boost confidence, and fasten up thelearning capacity; hence, the present study was conducted toinvestigate the usefulness of crossword puzzle as an innovativeself-learning tool in pharmacology.Methods: This prospective study was conducted among 5thsemester students of the second professional MBBS course. A totalof 139 students participated in this study and were evaluated withformative examination and feedback questionnaire. Permissionwas taken from Institutional Ethics Committee for the study.A crossword puzzle consisting of 32 questions on endocrinepharmacology was prepared and divided into two sections: theacross section had 17 questions and the down section contained15 questions. The data were analyzed, using Graph Pad Softwareand presented as percentage of the responses.Results: On average, out of 32 questions, one mark each, thestudents scored 52.69% and all students responded correctly onquestions on the topic of hormonal contraceptives. 75.5% of thestudents had an enjoyable experience and the majority of themagreed that it helped them enhance their knowledge of drugs,remember diseases and drug names, and overall learning about thetopic. They were also of the opinion that this should be inculcatedin pharmacology curriculum.Conclusion: Incorporation of crossword puzzles, as an adjuncttool, was useful as majority of the students reported that thisimproved their attitude of learning, thereby improving theirperformance.Keywords: Endocrine system, Pharmacology, Self-learning, Lectures, Feedback
- انتشار مقاله: 20-01-1397
- نویسندگان: SHILPA PATRICK,KIRTI VISHWAKARMA,VISHAL P GIRI,DEBRANJAN DATTA,PRIYANKA KUMAWAT,PREETI SINGH,PRITHPAL S MATREJA
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Iranian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Hearing loss,Middle ear,Cholesteatoma,vertigo,Labyrinth diseases
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Introduction:
Labyrinthine fistulae (LF) are the common complications of chronic otitis media (COM) of squamosal variety. The final therapeutic outcome of this condition is to preserve the cochlear and vestibular functions. Herein, we present the data of the cases managed at our institute with respect to their presenting complaints, adopted therapeutic approaches and outcomes.
Materials and Methods:
A retrospective chart review was conducted on all cases with COM squamosal type in adult patients. A total of 275 patients were reviewed, out of whom 30 cases had LF. The results were mainly studied with respect to the postoperative improvement of hearing and vertigo.
Results:
The incidence rate of LF in the present study was obtained at 10.9%. Only 50% of the cases had the symptoms of vertigo. Furthermore, positive fistula test was elicited in 3.3% of the cases. All cases undergoing preoperative imaging were diagnosed successfully. In addition, 42.85% of the cases had profound hearing loss preoperatively, which sustained after the operation. However, 47.61% of the cases showed an improvement of at least ≥ 10 dB in the air-bone gap. Out of the 15 LF cases with vertigo as the main complaint, only 11 cases referred for follow-up. In this regard, 63.63% of the cases had no postoperative vertigo symptoms.
Conclusion:
Patients with LF may not have complaints of vertigo and a positive fistula sign upon admission. Pre-operative imaging facilitates the diagnosis of this condition. The removal of the matrix under constant irrigation, followed by repair with bone wax and/or autologous tissue, is sufficient to preserve the cochlear and vestibular symptoms postoperatively.- انتشار مقاله: 30-10-1396
- نویسندگان: Priyanka Misale,Anjali Lepcha,Ramanathan Chandrasekharan,Manusrut Manusrut
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Biofuel Research Journal
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Furfural,Biofuel,CS-Fe3O4@SO3H,Carbonaceous solid acid,Furylmethane
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: A sustainable chitosan (CS)-derived magnetic solid acid catalyst (CS-Fe3O4@SO3H) incorporated by Lewis and Bronsted acid sites was synthesized in an eco-friendly manner through the preloading of iron on CS and one-pot low-temperature carbonization/sulfonation. The carbonization/sulfonation of CS-Fe3O4 using p-Toluenesulfonic acid (p-TSA) at 140 oC resulted in the loss of ammonia in some extent and provided bifunctional sites on the catalyst. This heterogeneous catalyst was found to be highly selective for the conversion of xylose and arabinose to furfural (FF) and subsequent tri(furyl)methane (TFM) formation by the condensation with furan in the same reaction vessel without any purification. The outcome of optimization under different reaction parameters showed that only 20 wt.% of CS-Fe3O4@SO3H catalyst resulted in 81% TFM yield from xylose while arabinose gave a 70% TFM yield in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO):water with high selectivity. This green protocol provides an easy isolation of products and minimizes the formation of polymerized by-products. The catalyst can be readily recovered and efficiently reused for three consecutive catalytic cycles without any significant loss on product yields.
- انتشار مقاله: 05-04-1397
- نویسندگان: Priyanka Raju Thombal,Sung Soo Han
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Advanced Herbal Medicine
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Pharmacognostic,Gomphrena serrata,Anomocytic stomata,Lignified xylem vessels,Phytochemical and Physicochemical analysis
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background and aims: To analyze the pharmacognostic characteristics and physiochemical parameters of the leaves of Gomphrena serrata (G. serrata).
Methods: Microscopic characters and powder analysis had been carried out with the help of a microscope. The physiochemical properties such as loss on drying, total ash value, acid insoluble ash value, water soluble ash value, extractive values and fluorescence of G. serrata had been performed.
Results: Macroscopically, the leaves are simple, elliptical in shape, rounded or obtuse apex with an entire margin. Microscopically, the leaf showed the presence of epidermal cells with uniseriate multicellular covering trichomes and anomocytic stomata, followed by 1-2 layered collenchymatous cells and 10-15 numbered conjoint, collateral closed vascular bundles are some of the diagnostic characteristics observed from an anatomical study. Powder microscopy of leaf revealed the presence of uniseriate multicellular covering trichomes, lignified xylem vessels, epidermis with anomocytic stomata and parenchyma cells. The investigations also included leaf surface data i.e., quantitative leaf microscopy and fluorescence analysis. Physiochemical parameters such as loss on drying, extractive values and ash values were also determined. Preliminary phytochemical screening showed the presence of flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, steroids, carbohydrates, glycosides, amino acids and proteins.
Conclusion: The morphological, microscopical and physicochemical parameter results provided in this paper may be utilized as a basis for the preparation of a monograph on G. serrata leaves.- انتشار مقاله: 13-04-1396
- نویسندگان: Prasanth DSNBK,Lakshmana Rao A,Mohini Prasanna M,Priyanka M,Neelothpala N,Bhagya Lakshmi P,Mounika Y
- مشاهده