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کاربرد نوع شرط:
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Journal of Advances in Medical Education and Professionalism
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی:
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Introduction: Problem-based learning (PBL) as a learning style has gained a special position amongst different levels of education systems, and many different approaches, such as tutor education, proper scenario presentation, etc., are used to increase its efficiency. However, the role of homogeneous groups to facilitate team working has never been studied. The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of selective group allocation in PBL efficiency. Methods: In this semi-experimental double-blinded study, 40 students of medicine during their externship in the radiology department were divided into two equivalent groups based on their grade average points. The same topics and the same instructors were chosen for both groups. In the control group, the students were randomly divided into four subgroups each with five members. The subgroups in the study group, on the other hand, were homogenized based on their grade average points. Results: The students’ rate of learning of the theoretical topics and their performance in reporting and interpreting the stereotypes in radiology were measured at the beginning and at the end of the study in both groups by two questionnaires with Alpha Krunback of 0.87 and 0.85. All students were male with the mean age of 23.7 years ± 1.19. Age, grade point average of the students in the last semester and the mean of their pre and post-test scores in both groups showed a normal pattern of distribution (p>0.05). The learning and performance scores in each group at the beginning and at the end of the course showed a statistically significant difference with a p value of 0.011 and 0.03, respectively. Conclusion: Homogenizing the PBL groups with allocation of more competent student in each group plays a complementary tutor role and boosts the level of learning by enhancing group dynamicity.Keyworsds:Homogenization, Problem-based learning, Competent students
- انتشار مقاله: 10-06-1392
- نویسندگان: JAVAD KOJURI,BABAK SHEKARCHI,MOHSEN MOTSHAKER ARANI,POUYA FARHADI,MITRA AMINI,MOHAMMAD REZA DEHGHANI
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Screening,Prostate cancer,Prostate-Specific Antigen,Neoplasm grading
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background: Prostate cancer is the most common malignancy among the male population in the United States and the 3rd most common non-skin cancer among men in Iran. Its prevalence has shown a rising trend in recent decades. The aim of this study was to report the epidemiological features of prostate cancer in patients referred for prostate biopsy in the south of Iran and to evaluate the accuracy of the levels of the prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and the PSA-density (PSAD) as well as the extension of the disease in the prediction of the biological behavior of prostate cancer.Methods: This is a retrospective study on the medical records of 1982 consecutive patients who underwent transrectal ultrasound-guided biopsy due to an abnormal digital rectal examination and/or an elevated PSA level following referral from the Urology Ward to the Radiology Department of Shahid Faghihi Hospital in Shiraz, southern Iran, between December 2003 and July 2014.Results: The overall cancer detection rate was 33.1%. Although the cancer was more prevalent among the elderly patients, a significant fraction (7%) of the patients were aged < 55 years. The sensitivity and specificity of the PSA were 97.4% and 8.7% and those of the PSAD were 82.9% and 52%, respectively. Of the 637 patients with prostate cancer, 250 (39.2%) had unilateral disease, 378 (59.4%) had bilateral disease, and 9 (1.4%) had inner-gland involvement. Most of the patients with bilateral involvement had high-grade Gleason scores.Conclusion: Our study underlines the relationship between age and the frequency of cancer; the levels of the PSA and the PSAD and the Gleason score; and the extent of tumor involvement and the grade of prostate cancer and also highlights the significance of screening, especially in younger patients.
- انتشار مقاله: 11-12-1395
- نویسندگان: Mehrzad Lotfi,Reza Beheshti,Mohammad Reza Rouhezamin,Abbas Rezaianzadeh,Pouya Farhadi,Zeinab Daneshi
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Gastric cancer,ACE inhibitor,cancer cachexia,Captopril
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background: ACEI (Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitors) inhibits tumor growth and development. Different mechanisms have been proposed for this matter, including the inhibition of enzymes that are involved in extracellular matrix degradation, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) and etc. The present study was designed with the aim to investigate the effects of low dose ACEI on the Quality of Life (QoL) of non-hospitalized gastric cancer patients with cachexia.Materials and Methods: This study was a single-blinded randomized controlled clinical trial conducted in clinics affiliated with Shiraz University of Medical Sciences (SUMS). All participants were patients with gastric cancer in cancer cachexia step aged 40-80 years old who had referred to our clinics from October 2013 to April 2014. In the intervention group, patients were assigned to receive ACEI (Captopril) and the placebo group served as control and received placebo during the same time course. They were asked questions in order to fill out QLQ-C30 (Persian Version) questionnaire 3 times; baseline, 1 and 2 months after their first visit. Results: The mean age of patients was 60.55 ± 12.07 (range 31-80) years and the mean BMI of the patients was 17.21 ± 2.31. In the ACEI group, physical functioning and fatigue score changes were significant 1 and 2 months after treatment. The mean of fatigue score decreased significantly in the placebo group. Overall, global health status scores significantly increased in both groups, but other items of QoL did not change significantly. Conclusion: Overall, our results showed that Captopril does not have a significant positive effect on QoL of patients with cancer cachexia.
- انتشار مقاله: 16-09-1397
- نویسندگان: Mehdi Dehghani,Mehdi Mirzaie,Pouya Farhadi,Alireza Rezvani
- مشاهده