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کاربرد نوع شرط:
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Notch signaling pathway,Cell differentiation,Oligodendrocyte precursor cells,9-cis-retinoic acid,1,25-dihydroxy vitamin D3,Receptors, Wnt
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background: Differentiating oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) into oligodendrocytes could be improved by inhibiting signaling pathways such as Wnt and Notch. 9-cis-retinoic acid (9-cis-RA) and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25[OH]2D3) can ameliorate oligodendrogenesis. We investigated whether they could increase oligodendrogenesis by inhibiting the Wnt and Notch signaling pathways.Methods: Cortical neural stem cells were isolated from 14-day-old rat embryos and cultured using the neurosphere assay. The cells were treated in 4 different conditions for 1 week: the negative control group received only the basic fibroblast growth factor, the positive control group received only T3 without growth factors, the RA group was treated with 9-cis-RA, and the Vit D3 group was treated with 1,25(OH)2D3. The effects of 9-cis-RA and 1,25(OH)2D3 on the level of the myelin basic protein (MBP) and the gene expression of the SOX10, MBP gene, HES5, and LRP6 were studied using flow cytometry and real-time PCR. The data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA with GraphPad Prism. A P value less than 0.05 was considered significant. Results: The mRNA expressions of the SOX10, MBP, and MBP gene were significantly increased in the treated groups compared with the negative control group; the increase was similar in the 9-cis-RA group and the positive control group. Furthermore, 9-cis-RA significantly decreased the expression of the HES5 gene, a Notch signaling pathway transcription factor, and 1,25(OH)2D3 significantly reduced the expression of the LRP6 gene, a Wnt signaling pathway co-receptor. Conclusion: It seems that 9-cis-RA and 1,25(OH)2D3 are good candidates to improve the differentiation of OPCs into oligodendrocytes.
- انتشار مقاله: 31-03-1396
- نویسندگان: Saeedeh Saeb,Hassan Azari,Zohreh Mostafavi-Pour,Amir Ghanbari,Sepideh Ebrahimi,Pooneh Mokarram
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Mycobacterium Tuberculosis,Interferon-gamma,Interleukin-2,Enzyme-linked immunospot assay
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background: Discriminating latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) from active TBI may be challenging. The objective of this study was to produce the recombinant L-alanine dehydrogenase (AlaDH) antigen and evaluate individuals with LTBI, those with active TBI, and uninfected individuals by enzyme-linked immunospot assay (ELISPOT) in order to distinguish LTBI from active TBI.Methods: This exploratory study was performed in the Iranian city of Shiraz from 2014 to 2015. The study population (N=99) was divided into 3 groups: individuals with newly diagnosed active TBI (n=33), their household contacts (n=33), and controls (n=33). AlaDH was produced through PCR and cloning methods. The diagnostic characteristics of AlaDH vs. ESAT-6/CFP-10 were evaluated in responses to interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and interleukin-2 (IL-2) with ELISPOT. Differences between the groups were assessed with the Kruskal–Wallis and Mann–Whitney tests for nonparametric data analysis. The statistical analyses were performed with SPSS, version 16.Results: IFN-γ responses to both ESAT-6/CFP-10 (P=0.81) and AlaDH (P=0.18) revealed that there were no significant differences between the individuals with LTBI and those with active TBI. The same results were determined for IL-2 responses to ESAT-6/CFP-10 between the 2 groups, while significantly higher IL-2 responses to AlaDH were observed in LTBI than in active TBI. According to the ROC curve analysis, a cutoff value of 275 SFC showed sensitivity of 75.8% and specificity of 78.8% for distinguishing LTBI from active TBI by IL-2 responses to AlaDH.Conclusion: The current study suggests that it may be possible to discriminate LTBI from active TBI by IL-2 responses to AlaDH.
- انتشار مقاله: 06-05-1395
- نویسندگان: Bahram Movahedi,Pooneh Mokarram,Mina Hemmati,Nader Mosavari,Razie Zare,Leila Safaee Ardekani,Zohreh Mostafavi-Pour
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: extraction,pancreas,Autolysis,RNA
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background: Optimized RNA extraction from tissues and cell lines consists of four main stages regardless of the method of extraction: 1) homogenizing, 2) effective denaturation of proteins from RNA, 3) inactivation of ribonuclease, and 4) removal of any DNA, protein, and carbohydrate contamination. Isolation of undamaged intact RNA is challenging when the related tissue contains high levels of RNase. Various technical difficulties occur during extraction of RNA from pancreatic tissue due to spontaneous autolysis. Since standard routine protocols yield unacceptable results in pancrease, we have designed a simple method for RNA extraction by comparing different protocols.Methods: We obtained 20-30 mg pancreatic tissues in less than 2 min from 30 rats. Several methods were performed to extract RNA from pancreatic tissue and evaluate its integrity. All methods were performed three times to obtain reproducible results. Results: Immersing pancreatic tissue in RNA-later for 24 h at -80ºC yielded high quality RNA by using the TriPure reagent which was comparable to the commercial RNeasy Micro Kit. The quality of RNA was evaluated by spectrophotometer, electrophoresis and RT-PCR. We separated intact 28S and 18S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) when our procedure was compared with the RNeasy Micro Kit. Finally, full length of the actin gene was amplified by RT-PCR. Conclusion: We designed a simple, fast, cost-effective method for complete RNA extraction from the least amount of quantitatively intact pancreatic tissue.
- انتشار مقاله: 24-02-1393
- نویسندگان: Sanaz Dastgheib,Cambyz Irajie,Raheleh Assaei,Farhad Koohpeima,Pooneh Mokarram
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Colorectal cancer,MGMT,promoter methylation,Iranian patients
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Introduction: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide but current molecular targeted
therapy is not providing major success in CRC treatment, so early detection by non-invasive methods continues to
be vital. Aberrant methylation of CpG islands in promoter regions is associated with inactivation of various tumor
suppressor genes. O6-methyguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) is a DNA repair enzyme that removes mutagenic
and cytotoxic adducts from O6-guanine in DNA. Aberrant hypermethylation of the MGMT promoter has been
associated with lack of mRNA expression, with concomitant loss of protein content and enzyme activity. AIM: Our
aim was to determine whether MGMT promoter methylation might be detectable in circulating free DNA in the serum
of CRC patients and normal individuals using a methylation specific (MSP) polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method.
Methods: A total of 70 subjects were enrolled in the study. Of these, 30 patients who were diagnosed previously as
untreated colon adenocarcinoma by a gastroenterologist and the other 40 were nearly age-matched individuals who had
a normal colonoscopic evaluation (except for hemorrhoids or fissures) and normal pathologic reports. After bisulphite
modification of DNA, serum samples were examined for MGMT promoter methylation using MSP. Results: Ninety
percent of CRC patients had MGMT promoter hypermethylation as compared to no methylation in normal subjects’
serum. Most of the cancers were stage П and moderately differentiated adenocarcinomas; nearly 60% were found in
the left colon. No statistically significant correlation was found between the promoter methylation status and gender
and age. Discussion and Conclusions: MGMT hypermethylation can be detected in free circulating DNA in serum of
CRC patients and can be used “as a clinical biomarker” for early diagnosis and prognostic assessment of the disease.
Our data confirm previous studies indicating utility for free circulating DNA as a serum biomarker for early detection,
diagnosis and monitoring of CRC patients.- انتشار مقاله: 31-03-1396
- نویسندگان: Mahvash Alizadeh Naini,Soudabeh Kavousipour,Maryam Hasanzarini,Amir Nasrollah,Ahmad Monabati,Pooneh Mokarram
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Annals of Colorectal Research
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: cancer,Stress,Endoplasmic reticulum,UPR,Wnt
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Abstract:
1. Context
Endoplasmic reticulum stress (ER stess) is associated with endoplasmic reticulum perturbation homeostasis. Prolonged ER stress conditions may induce cell death. Unfolded protein response (UPR) attempts to restore normal cell conditions.
2. Evidence Acquisition
There now exists an emergent body of evidence identifying the WNT signaling network as a regulator of cancer cell metabolism. Given that existing findings show that the WNT pathway and ER stress regulates changes in metabolic activities of cancer cells suggesting these signaling pathways represent critical nodes in the regulation of central metabolism in tumors.
3. Results
Findings suggest that the molecular cross-talks between hypoxic ER stress, Wnt/βcatenin signaling, may represent an important mechanism that enables some tumor subtypes to survival and grow in hypoxic conditions.
4. Conclusions
The present article disuses differential effects of the activation of the three arms of UPR, namely endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK), activation transcription factor -6 (ATF-6), and inositol –requiring enzyme (IRE-1) on cancer. This review also highlights regulators and downstream effectors of Wnt cascade and addresses the increasingly apparent crosstalk of Wnt with other tumorigenic signaling pathways.- انتشار مقاله: 27-11-1398
- نویسندگان: Morvarid Siri,Seyed Vahid Hosseini,Sanaz Dastghaib,Pooneh Mokarram
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Annals of Colorectal Research
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Single Nucleotide Polymorphism,Colorectal cancer,Iranian population
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Context: The incidence of colorectal cancer has significantly increased in Iran during the last decade. Accumulating evidence suggests
that there is a significant correlation between genetic variations such as polymorphisms and colorectal cancer. Therefore,
identification of critical polymorphisms related to colorectal cancer can contribute to find individuals at high risk of CRC.
Evidence Acquisition: The focus of this review was on published articles in English about the association between different single
nucleotide polymorphisms and colorectal cancer in the Iranian population. Evidences were gathered by searching online medical
databases including Google scholar, Pubmed, Scopus and Science Direct.
Conclusions: Various single nucleotide polymorphisms of critical genes indicated significant association with colorectal cancer in
the Iranian population. New polymorphism markers for high risk individuals have been recognized through further investigations
to reduce the incidence and mortality of colorectal cancer.
- انتشار مقاله: 02-10-1399
- نویسندگان: Mozhdeh Zamani,Seyed Vahid Hosseini,Pooneh Mokarram
- مشاهده