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کاربرد نوع شرط:
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Journal of Advances in Medical Education and Professionalism
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی:
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Introduction: Academic institutions are the most importantorganizations for implementation of internationalization policiesand practices for integrating an international, intercultural andglobal dimension in higher education system. Also, a globallyincreasing demand for higher education has been seen in the pasttwo decades so that the number of students enrolled in highereducation institutions in the worldwide nation-states has increaseddramatically. The National Plan of International Developmentof Medical Education was designed with the aim of identifyingavailable potentials in all the universities of medical sciences,encouraging the development of international standards ofmedical education, and planning for the utilization of the existingcapacity in Islamic republic of Iran.Methods: Authors have tried to review the several aspectsof international activities in higher education in the world anddescribe national experiences and main policies in globalization ofmedical education in Iran within implementation of the NationalPlan for Development and Innovation in Medical Education.Results: The findings of some global experiences providethe policy makers with clear directions in order to developinternationalization of higher education.Conclusion: The Program for International Development ofMedical Education was designed by the Deputy of Educationin the Ministry of Health and the effective implementationof this Program was so important for promotion of Iranianmedical education. But there were some challenges in thisregard; addressing them through inter-sectoral collaborationis one of the most important strategies for the development ofinternationalization of education in the field of medical sciences.Keywords: Medical education, Higher education, Innovation
- انتشار مقاله: 13-10-1396
- نویسندگان: EHSAN SHAMSI GOOSHKI,ATA POURABBASI,HAMID AKBARI,NIMA REZAEI,ALI ARAB KHERADMAND,ZAHRA KHEIRY,NILOUFAR PEYKARI,FATEREH MOMENI JAVID,FIROUZEH HAJIPOUR,BAGHER LARIJANI
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Iranian Journal of Immunology
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Severe Combined Immunodeficiency,Atypical Omen Syndrome,Atypical SCID,RAG 2 Mutation
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Severe Combined Immunodeficiency (SCID), characterized by a profound decrease in both the number and function of T cells, is related to more than 20 different mutations. Recombination-activating gene (RAG) 1 and 2 seem to be two of the most common forms presenting with various manifestations, including typical SCID, Omenn syndrome (OS), atypical SCID (AS), or delayed onset combined immunodeficiency with granulomas. One interesting manifestation in RAG mutation is the change in the immunophenotype over time, even after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). As bone marrow transplantation (BMT) is the only curative treatment of SCID, it is necessary to differentiate between SCID and OS due to the different conditioning regimens (CR). We present a novel case of atypical SCID (SCID manifestations with more than 300 CD3+T cells) caused by RAG 2 gene mutation whose immunophenotype changed to atypical Omenn syndrome (all Omenn syndrome manifestations except rash, eosinophilia, and elevated IgE) over time.Differentiation of leaky SCID, SCID and Omenn syndrome in RAG mutation genes and overlap manifestations is important in treatment plan and prognosis.
- انتشار مقاله: 05-03-1398
- نویسندگان: Ali Pourvali,Saba Arshi,Mohammad Nabavi,Mohammad Hasan Bemanian,Sima Shokri,Mohammad Shahrooei,Nima Rezaei,Morteza Fallahpour
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Iranian Journal of Immunology
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Diagnosis,Prevalence,Primary Immunodeficiency Disorders
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background: Primary immunodeficiency disorders (PID) are a group of hereditary disorders characterized by an increased susceptibility to severe and recurrent infections, autoimmunity, lymphoproliferative disorders, and malignancy.
Objective: To evaluate the demographic and clinical data of PID patients diagnosed in a referral pediatric hospital.
Method: All PID cases with a confirmed diagnosis, according to the criteria of International Union of Immunological Societies, who were referred to the Children’s Medical Center in Tehran, Iran, between March 2006 and March 2013 were enrolled in this retrospective cohort study.
Results: Three-hundred and seven PID patients were investigated. Predominantly antibody deficiencies were the most common group of PID observed in 118 cases (38.4%), followed by the well-defined syndromes with immunodeficiency in 52 (16.9%), congenital defects of phagocyte in 45 (14.7%), combined immunodeficiencies in 36 (11.7%), autoinflammatory disorders in 34 (11.4%), immune dysregulation in 11 (3.6%), complement deficiencies in 7 (2.3%), and defects in innate immunity in 3 (1%). Selective IgA deficiency was the most prevalent disorder which affected 46 individuals (14.9%). The median diagnostic delay was 15 months.
Conclusion: Increased awareness and availability of diagnostic tests could result in the better recognition of more undiagnosed PID cases and a decrease in diagnostic delay.- انتشار مقاله: 15-05-1395
- نویسندگان: Payam Mohammadinejad,Babak Mirminachi,Bamdad Sadeghi,Masoud Movahedi,Mohammad Gharagozlou,Javad Mohammadi,Hassan Abolhassani,Nima Rezaei,Asghar Aghamohammadi
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Iranian Journal of Immunology
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Class Switch Recombination,Hyper IgM Syndrome,Clinical Manifestation
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background: Defects in B cell class switch recombination (CSR) are a heterogeneous and yet very uncommon group of disorders which all have a genetic basis uniformly leading to hyper IgM (HIgM) syndrome. Due to the rare frequency of these conditions, a very small number of case series have been conducted on the affected patients.
Objective: To shed some light on the morbidity and mortality regarding a relatively large cohort of diagnosed CSR defective Iranian patients.
Methods: This study was performed using demographic information, laboratory findings and clinical data obtained from an observation of 33 Iranian patients of different ethnicities referred from all medical centers of Iran to the Children’s Medical Center Hospital, pediatrics center of excellence, Tehran, Iran; of which 28 were males and 5 were females.
Results: Our patients mean age at the onset of symptoms was 1.8 ± 0.2 years; they were diagnosed with a mean delay of 4.4 ± 3.3 years and followed for a mean time of 5.7 ± 4.8 years. The most prominent clinical features observed were multi-organ infections, affecting mostly the respiratory system, followed by lymphoproliferative and autoimmune disorders, the latter being of much higher frequency (44%) in our study than the reported frequency in previous reports. The three year survival rate for our enrolled patients was 67.9%.
Conclusions: Based on our findings, the most common cause of death in HIgM patients is respiratory failure. The molecular mechanism behind the nature of the CSR defective patients in Iran is more compatible with autosomal recessive mutations rather than X-linked HIgM syndrome which is in contrast with other large cohorts of patients with CSR defect.- انتشار مقاله: 14-05-1395
- نویسندگان: Hassan Abolhassani,Fatemeh Akbari,Babak Mirminachi,Saeed Bazregari,Ehsan Hedayat,Nima Rezaei,Asghar Aghamohammadi
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Iranian Journal of Immunology
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells,atherosclerosis,Cytotoxicity,oxLDL
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background: Atherosclerosis, a chronic inflammatory disease of the vessel wall is characterized by local and systemic immune responses to a variety of antigens. Oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) is considered as an important determining factor in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis.
Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the degree of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) vulnerability to in vitro oxLDL-induced cytotoxicity from atherosclerotic patients in comparison to healthy individuals.
Methods: Thirty patients with atherosclerotic lesions, confirmed by angiography, and 30 matched healthy individuals were investigated. PBMC was prepared from individuals' blood samples which were further stimulated with low dose (1 μg/mL) and high dose (50 μg/mL) of extensively oxidized LDL. MTT assay was utilized to measure cell viability and proliferation. Stimulation index (SI) was calculated as mean ratio of optical density (OD) of the stimulated cells divided by OD of untreated cells.
Results: Low dose oxLDL treatment caused no significant proliferative or cytotoxic effect in the control group; however, similar treatment caused significant cytotoxic effect in the patient group compared to the controls (p=0.026). High dose oxLDL treatment induced more significant cytotoxicity in the patient compared to the control group (p=0.006). Comparison of the SI between the two groups of patients and controls showed significantly lower index by either the low (p=0.03) or the high dose (p<0.001) oxLDL in the patients compared to the controls.
Conclusions: PBMC from patients with atherosclerosis showed increased susceptibility to oxLDL-induced cytotoxicity. Our results imply that prolonged exposure to elevated levels of circulating oxLDL could weaken the cellular defense mechanisms by progressive depletion of the pool of antiapoptotic proteins, rendering the cells more vulnerable to oxLDL-induced cell death.- انتشار مقاله: 15-05-1395
- نویسندگان: Mohammad Jafar Mahmoudi,Maryam Mahmoudi,Fereydoon Siassi,Fazel Shokri,Mohammad Reza Eshraghian,Amir Hassan Zamani,Reza Chahardoli,Mona Hedayat,Jalal Khoshnoodi,Hashem Nayeri,Nima Rezaei,Ali-Akbar Saboor-Yaraghi
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: International Journal of Pediatrics
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: TLR4,IL-6,TLR2,alfa-L-Guluronic acid,G2013,CVID,NF-B,IL-1
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background: Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) is a primary immune disorder associated with hypogammaglobulinemia, recurrent infections and autoimmune diseases. CVID patients are frequently in contact with infectious pathogens leading to the activation of innate immunity through Toll-like receptors (TLR) affecting adaptive immunity. The aim of the present study was to test the immunomedulatory effect of small molecule G2013, a novel designed non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent in CVID.
Materials and Methods: After blood sampling from 16 CVID patients and 16 age- and sex-matched healthy controls, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated and treated with/without lipopolysaccharide (LPS), lipopolyteichoic acid (LTA), and G2013. Assessing the immunomodulatory effect of G2013, flowcytometry was done for quantify the protein expression of TLR2 and TLR4. Gene expressions of signaling molecules involved in the TLR2 and TLR4 pathways were assessed by real-time PCR. ELISA performed assessing the production of IL-1b and IL-6.
Results: G2013 significantly decreased the intensity of TLR2 expression in CVID PBMCs (p=0.001) also G2013 decreased significantly the NF-kB gene expression in PBMCs of CVID patients (p=0.006).
Conclusion: These results indicated that G2013 had immunomodulatory effect at least in part via TLR2 and NF-kB expression. G2013 by decreasing MFI of TLR2 expression and NFkB gene expression provide the possibility of designing new drugs for preventing or controlling autoimmunity in CVID patients.- انتشار مقاله: 23-02-1396
- نویسندگان: Laleh Sharifi,Asghar Aghamohammadi,Monireh Mohsenzadegan,Nima Rezaei,Farzaneh Towfighi Zavareh,Mona Moshiri,Saied Bokaie,Anis Barati,Seyed Javad Sayedi,Gholamreza Azizi,Abbas Mirshafiey
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: International Journal of Pediatrics
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Sleep disorders,Iran,Performance,Education,adolescents,Sleep
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background: Although sleep disorders are common problems among families and they affect the learning, memory processes and academic performance of children, there is no evaluation of these disorders in Iran. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of sleep disorders and its association with academic performance of school age children.
Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 1,100 middle school students of Isfahan city of Iran during 2012-2013. Multi-stage random cluster sampling method was performed and five girl’s schools and five boy’s schools were selected. The data gathered with a validated questionnaire to evaluate the academic performance and sleep disorders.
Results: The mean duration of nocturnal sleep was 8.38±1.17 which was significantly higher in the group with excellent academic performance (8.86±1.18 hours), than the other two groups (8.14±1.17 hours for average academic performance and 7.90±1.15 hours for poor academic performance). Academic performance was significantly associated with age, gender, parental occupation, nocturnal sleep time, sleep latency and sleep disorders (P<0.05).
Conclusion: This study revealed that sleep disorders negatively affect the academic performance and highlighted the importance of proper sleep among children and students.- انتشار مقاله: 26-10-1395
- نویسندگان: Mohsen Reisi,Rozita Jalilian,Gholamreza Azizi,Afsane Rashti,Jamal Faghihi Nia,Mojtaba Akbari,Nazanin Babaei,Seyed Javad Sayedi,Nima Rezaei,Mohammad Reza Modaresi
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: International Journal of Pediatrics
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: children,ELISA,Ataxia telangiectasia,PBMC,SMC1
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background
Ataxia telangiectasia (A-T) is a common genetically inherited cause of early childhood-onset ataxia. The infrequency of this disease, vast phenotype variation, disorders with features similar to those of A-T, and lack of definite laboratory test, make diagnosis difficult. In addition, there is no rapid reliable laboratory method for identifying A-T heterozygotes, who susceptible to ionizing radiation (IR), atherosclerosis, diabetes, and cancers. We used SMC1pSer966 (pSMC1) in-cell colorimetric ELISA to diagnosis and screen in A-T families.
Materials and Methods: With informed consent, 2cc peripheral blood was collected from the 15 A-T patients, their parents, and 24 healthy controls with no family history of malignancy, diabetes, and atherosclerosis. Extracted peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were cultured in poly-L-Lysine treated 96-well plate with density of 70,000 cells per well. SMC1 phosphorylation was evaluated with cell-based ELISA kit 1 hour after 5 Gy IR and the pSMC1data normalized with Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH).
Results: SMC1 phosphorylation was significantly low in A-T`s PBMC (mean + standard deviation [SD]: 0.075 + 0.034) in comparison to carriers (mean + SD: 0.190 + 0.060) and healthy controls (mean + SD: 0.312 +0.081), but unluckily could only discriminate A-T patients (Area Under the Curve -receiver operating characteristic [AUC-ROC]: 1.00, 1.00-1.00). This method in spite of rapidness and simplicity showed poor imprecision (22.49% coefficient of variation [CV] for intraday imprecision).
Conclusion: It seems pSMC1 assessment by in-cell ELISA can be used for detection of A-T patients, but it may not sensitive enough for identification of carriers. This ELISA test is very simple, rapid, and requires less than 2cc blood. Thus it may be proposed for the early differential diagnosis of A-T as an alternative method.- انتشار مقاله: 24-07-1395
- نویسندگان: Majid Zaki Dizaji,Nima Rezaei,Marjan Yaghmaie,Mehdi Yaseri,Seyed Javad Sayedi,Gholamreza Azizi,Asghar Aghamohammadi,Seyed Mohammad Akrami
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Immunology and Genetics Journal
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Consensus,management,Symptoms,guideline,Primary immunodeficiency
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Primary immunodeficiency (PID) is a group of more than 400 distinct genetic disorders affecting both children and adults. As signs and symptoms of PID are usually heterogeneous and unspecific, based on the available human resources and laboratory facilities, diagnosis and follow-up of these patients can be challenging. In line with this notion, management and treatment of PID are practiced divergently in different PID centers. In order to reach a distinct national protocol and given the little evidence on appropriate or universal guidelines to improve the current status of management of the disease, the Iranian PID network designed a consensus suitable for regional resources. This review summarizes this PID guideline based on the importance of different clinical complications and the level of medical authority visiting those at the first line. Further, for each complication, appropriate interventions are mentioned to improve the approach.
- انتشار مقاله: 29-10-1397
- نویسندگان: Hassan Abolhassani,Marzieh Tavakol,Zahra Chavoshzadeh,Seyed Alireza Mahdaviani,Tooba Momen,Reza Yazdani,Gholamreza Azizi,Masoud Movahedi,Amir Ali Hamidieh,Nasrin Behniafard,Mohammamd Nabavi,Saba Arshi,Mohammad Hassan Bemanian,Morteza Fallahpour,Sima Shokri,Rasol Molatefi,Roya Sherkat,Afshin Shirkani,Reza Amin,Soheila Aleyasin,Reza Faridhosseini,Farahzad Jabbari-Azad,Iraj Mohammadzadeh,Javad Ghaffari,Alireza Shafiei,Arash Kalantari,Mahboubeh Mansouri,Mehrnaz Mesdaghi,Delara Babaie,Hamid Ahanchian,Maryam Khoshkhui,Habib Soheili,Mohammad Hossein Eslamian,Taher Cheraghi,Abbas Dabbaghzadeh,Mahmoud Tavassoli,Rasoul Nasiri Kalmarzi,Seyed Hamidreza Mortazavi,Sara Kashef,Hossein Esmaeilzadeh,Javad Tafaroji,Abbas Khalili,Fariborz Zandieh,Mahnaz Sadeghi-Shabestari,Sepideh Darougar,Fatemeh Behmanesh,Hedayat Akbari,Mohammadreza Zandkarimi,Farhad Abolnezhadian,Abbas Fayezi,Mojgan Moghtaderi,Akefeh Ahmadiafshar,Behzad Shakerian,Vahid Sajedi,Behrang Taghvaei,Mojgan Safari,Marzieh Heidarzadeh,Babak Ghalehbaghi,Seyed Mohammad Fathi,Behzad Darabi,Saeed Bazregari,Nasrin Bazargan,Alireza Khayatzadeh,Naser Javahertrash,Bahram Bashardoust,Mohammadali Zamani,Azam Mohsenzadeh,Sarehsadat Ebrahimi,Samin Sharafian,Ahmad Vosughimotlagh,Mitra Tafakoridelbari,Maziar Rahimi,Parisa Ashournia,Anahita Razaghian,Fatemeh Aghaeimeybodi,Setareh Mamishi,Nima Parvaneh,Nima Rezaei,Asghar Aghamohammadi
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Immunology and Genetics Journal
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Iran,Education,Research,Registry,Immunodeficiency diseases,National network
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Although comprehension of the molecularbasis of primary immunodeficiency diseases (PID) provides unique insight into the functioning of the immune system, translational research is also needed to provide better care to affected individuals. Many institutions and academic departments have been established to provide training and encourage collaborative research on the immune system and related disorders. In Iran, one of the frontiers of PIDs in the Middle Eastern region, considerable progress in basic and clinical immunology has been achieved during the last three decades. During this period, massive improvements have revolutionized the management of PIDs in the country, from educational and research related aspects to diagnostic procedures and treatments available to Iranian PID patients. In this review, we seek to elucidate the current status of PIDs in Iran from different angles and to speculate upon the opportunities that the future may bring.
- انتشار مقاله: 28-01-1397
- نویسندگان: Hassan Abolhassani,Nima Rezaei,Asghar Aghamohammadi
- مشاهده