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کاربرد نوع شرط:
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Iranian Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: SEM,EDX,Crystal violet,Almond shell
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: In the present study, comparative batch adsorption of basic dye namely Crystal Violet (CV) using the almond shell as an adsorbent in untreated form and activated with sodium hydroxide was carried out in search of optimum adsorption conditions. The operation parameters investigated was contact time (10 to 80 min), initial dye concentrations (40-240 mg/L), temperature, (20-50 oC) and pH, (2-12). From the experimental results, it was found that the adsorption of crystal violet dye from aqueous solution onto both types of adsorbent (treated and untreated) was highly dependent on solutions pH, and its maximum adsorption was observed in basic medium. The adsorption equilibrium of CV was attained very rapidly after 40 min of contact time. Pseudo-first and second orders were used to examine the kinetic adsorption and found that the kinetic adsorption data were best fitted to pseudo-second order. Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models were applied to equilibrium adsorption data, which were best fitted to Langmuir isotherm model. The thermodynamic analysis was carried out for dye-adsorbent systems. It was found that the adsorption nature of CV onto both adsorbents were endothermic. The performance of both adsorbents to adsorb CV was also compared. It was found that the adsorption capacity of almond shell activated by base was higher than untreated almond shell. Surface morphology and elemental composition of both adsorbents were examined using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and energy dispersive X –ray spectroscopy.
- انتشار مقاله: 20-08-1393
- نویسندگان: Muhammad Ishaq,Fawad Javed,Imtiaz Amad,Hameed Ullah,Fazal Hadi,Siraj Sultan
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: immunohistochemistry,Angiogenesis,mast cells
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Objective: To compare mast cell and microvessel densities among histologic grades of oral squamous cell carcinoma. Setting: Armed Forces Institute of Pathology. Materials and Methods: A total of 60 specimens of OSCC comprising 20 each of well, moderately and poorly differentiated were evaluated. Immunohistochemical analysis was performed to measure MCD and MVD by applying monoclonal CD117 antibody and monoclonal CD34 antibody, on formalin fixed and paraffin embedded sections. ANOVA and Post Hoc Tukey test was employed to assess the densities and to compare the differences between different grades of OSCC. A p-value
- انتشار مقاله: 28-03-1399
- نویسندگان: Fakeha Meraj Ansari,Muhammad Asif,Maryam Nazir Kiani,Nighat Ara,Muhammad Ishaque,Rabia Khan
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Breast cancer,Pakistan,Cyclooxygenase-2,Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background: Tumors use several immunosuppressive mechanisms to evade immune destruction. Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression may be a driver of immunosuppression in breast cancer, but the mechanisms involved remain elusive. COX-2 expression induces the expression of indoleamine 2,3 dioxygenase (IDO) in tumor cells. IDO is an immunosuppressive enzyme which is involved in tumor immune escape mechanisms in breast cancer. Our aim was to evaluate the association between COX-2 and IDO expression to find evidence of immunosuppression in Pakistani breast cancer patients. Methods: Immunohistochemical analysis was performed to evaluate the expression of COX-2, IDO, estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) on formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded breast cancer tissues of 100 patients. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression model was used to identify the independent risk factors of COX-2. Results: A total of 100 patients were included with a mean age and standard deviation of 48.28 ± 11.83. A significant association was observed among COX-2, IDO, ER, PR and tumor grade. In multivariable analysis, three variables were identified as significant independent risk factors for high COX-2: IDO expression high; [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) 6.51; 95% confidence interval (CI) (2.00-21.20), p=0.001], ER; [AOR 5.62; 95% CI (1.80-17.84), p=0.002] and age [AOR 1.04; 95% CI (1.00-1.10), p=0.05] respectively. Conclusion: Our data showed that high IDO expression is associated with high COX-2 expression in Pakistani breast cancer patients. The co-expression of both enzymes may suggest their role in disease pathogenesis. Hence the concurrent targeting of COX-2 and IDO may be a promising therapy for breast cancer.
- انتشار مقاله: 27-06-1398
- نویسندگان: Kashif Asghar,Asif Loya,Iftikhar Ali Rana,Muhammad Abu Bakar,Asim Farooq,Muhammad Tahseen,Muhammad Ishaq,Muhammad Usman Rashid
- مشاهده