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کاربرد نوع شرط:
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Archives of Bone and Joint Surgery
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: fracture,dislocation,Road traffic accident,years lived with disability
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background: Apart from the mortality, road traffic injuries are associated with significant morbidities. This study has aimed to examine the pattern of traffic accident-related extremity fractures/dislocations and their related disabilities.
Methods: A retrospective hospital-based study was conducted to assess the characteristics of limb fractures/dislocations among road traffic accident victims registered in Trauma Research Center registry of Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran, during 2012-2013. Age and sex distribution, cause of injury, and site of fractures/dislocations were recorded. Years lived with disability (YLD) was calculated as a scale to measure the disability. One-way ANOVA and chi-square tests were used for data analysis.
Results: From a total of 962 subjects, 812 (84.4%) were males (the male/female sex ratio: 5.4:1). The mean age of victims was 32.7±17.9. Leg (37%) and forearm (19%) fractures were the most frequent fractures. Shoulder dislocations were among the most affected joints accounting for 36.6% of the cases. The total calculated YLD was 135.6 (34.4 for temporal and 101.2 for lifelong disabilities, and totally 117.3 and 18.3 for males and females, respectively). The highest YLD was for motorcyclists (104) and while the most YLD was for 15-29 years (68.2).
Conclusion: Young men motorcyclist accidents are a major problem in Kashan region. Generally, they have been accounted for the highest YLD due to fractures/dislocations, especially in lower extremity. Although the calculated YLD will be decreased with increasing age, the elder people also had the high rate of traffic-related limb injuries.- انتشار مقاله: 14-09-1394
- نویسندگان: Mehrdad Mahdian,Mohammad R. Fazel,Mojtaba Sehat,Gholamreza Khosravi,Mahdi Mohammadzadeh
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Journal of Emergency Practice and Trauma
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Staphylococcus aureus,Infection,Bacterial contamination,Emergency medical services
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Objective: Emergency medical services systems are at the first line of dealing with patients who suffer from various infections. Conducting investigations on the bacterial contamination of emergency ambulances play a crucial role to improve the occupational health of staff as well as the quality of patient care. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the presence of Staphylococcus aureus and other life treating bacteria in the urban and rural ambulances and their on-call emergency medical service personnel.
Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 12 front line pre-hospital emergency urban and rural ambulances in Kashan, Iran, in 2015. A total of 18 sites were sampled in each ambulance and from the nose of personnel. Grown colonies were confirmed based on colony morphology on mannitol salt agar plates, gram stain reaction and biochemical characteristics reactions.
Results: The S. aureus contamination was only isolated from the nose of on-call emergency medical service providers of 12 urban and road ambulances, while no sign of contamination was found in 18 sampling sites of these front-line ambulances. Also, further evaluation of these sampling sites revealed the contamination with coagulase-negative staphylococci in all of them and oxygen tank was introduced as the most contaminated site inside the ambulances. Moreover, the prevalence of equipment contamination was significantly higher in urban ambulances.
Conclusion: Identifying the rate of pathogens in clinical settings like the pre-hospital ambulance setting is an important issue which should be carefully considered.- انتشار مقاله: 19-01-1398
- نویسندگان: Mohammad Paravar,Somaye Safavi,Razie Eghtesadi,Mahdi Mohamadzade,Mojtaba Sehat,Mohammadreza Fazel,Esmaeil Fakharian,Mohammadhosein Makki,Mahzad Erami,Tayebeh Taghipor,Abdolreza Dayani Najafabadi
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Journal of Emergency Practice and Trauma
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Epidemiology,Iran, Kashan,Traumatic spine injury
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Objective: Traumatic spine injuries are seriously important and are associated with considerable morbidity and mortality. The goal of this study is to determine the epidemiology of the traumatic spine injuries in Shahid Beheshti Hospital of Kashan University of Medical Sciences (KAUMS), the main trauma center in Kashan, Iran.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was undertaken on all cases of traumatic spinal injuries that were admitted to Shahid Beheshti hospital of KAUMS from 2014 to 2017. A checklist was used to collect demographic characteristics (age, gender, education, marital) and mechanism of the injury of the spine. According to ICD-10, the level of the injury was detected by diagnostic tests such as radiologic imaging and magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography scans, and also multi-trauma final outcome of the patients with traumatic spine injury (TSI) and rate of the spinal cord injury (SCI), hospital length of stay and surgery treatment was investigated.
Results: The number of patients with traumatic spine injuries was 986. Among this batch, 77% were males. The mean age of the patients was 39.5 years. Most injuries occurred in the age group of 15 to 30 years. Traffic accident was the most common mechanism of the trauma (35.2%) followed by the falls (26.95%) motorcycle accident (17.9%), assault by a sharp object or an unspecified object (10.13%) and other reasons (5.6%). The most common site of injury was in lumbar section (24.41%). Patients with traffic accident injury had the longest hospitalization. The rate of SCI was 2.63% and the rate of mortality was 2.3%.
Conclusion: The TSI is an important and serious public health problem and a major cause of disability. Understanding the epidemiology can help us contrive appropriate preventative measures.- انتشار مقاله: 24-01-1398
- نویسندگان: Esmaeil Fakharian,Zahra Sehat,Mojtaba Sehat
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Addiction and Health
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: anxiety,smoking cessation,depression,Acceptance and Commitment Therapy
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background: Besides physical problems, cigarette smoking is associated with a high prevalence of comorbid depression and anxiety symptoms. One of the reasons behind high post-cessation smoking lapse and relapse rates is inattentiveness to these symptoms during the process of cessation. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) on male smokers’ comorbid depression and anxiety symptoms and smoking cessation.Methods: This two-group pre-test-post-test randomized controlled trial was done on a random sample of seventy male smokers. Participants were randomly and evenly allocated to an intervention and a control group. Patients in these groups received either acceptance or commitment therapy or routine psychological counseling services include cognitive behavior therapy, respectively. Study data were collected through a demographic questionnaire, the Structural Clinical Interview (SCI) for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-4th edition (DSM-IV) disorders, Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), and Micro Smokerlyzer carbon monoxide monitor.The SPSS software was employed to analyze the data.Findings: After the intervention, depression and anxiety scores and smoking cessation rate in the intervention group were respectively lower and higher than the control group (P < 0.050).Conclusion: ACT can significantly improve comorbid depression and anxiety symptoms and smoking cessation rate. Thus, it can be used to simultaneously manage depression, anxiety, and cigarette smoking.
- انتشار مقاله: 31-03-1396
- نویسندگان: Mohammadreza Davoudi,Abdolah Omidi,Mojtaba Sehat,Zahra Sepehrmanesh
- مشاهده