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کاربرد نوع شرط:
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Journal of Applied Research in Water and Wastewater
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: MTBE,Groundwater,Fenton,Benzene,Stabilized Nano Zero-valent Iron
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: A bench-scale study was designed for removal of Methyl Tertio Butyl Ether (MTBE) and benzene from south of Tehran groundwater. The experiments were implemented on a one-dimensional soil column with similar chemical and physical conditions of the region. Fenton’s chemical oxidation with stabilized nano zero-valent iron particles (S-NZVI) as catalyst was used. For treatment of groundwater polluted with 2 mg L-1 MTBE and 1 mg L-1 benzene, optimum concentrations of H2O2 and S-NZVI were 1500 and 300 mg L-1, respectively. The optimum concentrations led to 78 % elimination of MTBE and 87 % of benzene. Hazardous by-products (acetone and tertio-butyl alcohol) concentrations were less than 0.1 mg L-1, which were considered to be negligible. The soil permeability was reduced to 30 % after removal process. To increase the system efficiency and reduce the consumption of iron, the reaction environment was acidified down to pH = 3.2 led to removal efficiency of 90 % and 96 % for MTBE and benzene, respectively. The scavengers (ions) reduced the system efficiency up to 15 %. This study indicates that theoretically the MTBE and benzene could be removed from groundwater using Fenton’s chemical oxidation with S-NZVI.
- انتشار مقاله: 08-06-1396
- نویسندگان: Ali Beryani,Alireza Pardakhti,Mojtaba Ardestani,Mohammad Ali Zahed
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Environmental Energy and Economic Research
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Environmental pollution,Environmental Diplomacy,Smart Framework
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: The issue of environment is one of the most important axes of a country's development, in other words, Sustainable development of a country is in its environmental group. Attention to the natural environment of the country, water resources, forests and pastures, protected areas and national parks, sensitive habitats. All of them is considered as a key component of a set of neighborhoods, regional and international sustainable development. Economic, industrial and social progress in the past few decades in Iran has caused the environment to be exploited beyond its resource capacity, an issue that left devastating consequences in this area. Iran's strategic position in the Middle East and the world and its financial, economic and political relations have made it more sensitive to environmental issues. Water issues with neighbors, Issues related to environmental pollution and resource constraints, import of various products, Chemical pollution, dust and fire in the eastern, southern and western part of the country, requires strong environmental diplomacy for the country. In this regard, Iran's relations with neighboring countries are the first priority. The main question is whether we are in an environmental war or we are at peace. The purpose of this study is to express multilateral environmental issues with neighbors and create a framework for environmental diplomacy in the country. In this regard, reviewing the process of environmental diplomacy in Iran and providing scientific and strategic frameworks can be a great way for Iran's future in the region.
- انتشار مقاله: 25-08-1399
- نویسندگان: Amin Padash,Mojtaba Ardestani,Sonia Najmeddin
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Environmental Energy and Economic Research
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Available water,System Dynamics Hydrological Model,Development Scenario,Ilam Watershed
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Hydrological models provide water managers with the available amount of water in the watershed. In this paper, we firstly developed a system dynamics model to calculate the available amount of water in the watershed. Then, we defined two scenarios one of which is the development scenario describing how land use changes can affect water availability in the watershed. Next, we divided the watershed into upstream and downstream assuming that these two sub-watersheds have different physical features including soil type and land cover to find out how the available water changes. The system dynamics model includes three main components of the hydrologic processes: rainfall-runoff model, snow accumulation, and groundwater. The model calculates runoff at the outlet of a watershed and sub-watersheds with monthly time step. We applied the developed model to the Ilam watershed to demonstrate the capability of the model in estimating runoff volume and available water. We calibrated model coefficients based on minimizing the model’s error in estimating the out flow of the watershed. The error was measured using the Nash-Sutcliff efficiency coefficient, the Pierson correlation coefficient, and the standard error. Specific tests such as the dimensional analysis test, and extreme conditions test were utilized to assess the structural accuracy of the system dynamics model. Results showed the appropriate accordance of the model’s output with the observed data by a value of the Nash-Sutcliff coefficient (Ens) close to 1, the rather high data correlation coefficient (R), and also a low standard error for the model’s calibration and verification periods.
- انتشار مقاله: 02-07-1396
- نویسندگان: Hamid Abdolabadi,Amin Sarang,Mojtaba Ardestani,John Little
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Environmental Energy and Economic Research
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Iran,environment,Green economy,Energy
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Iran as a rapidly developing country, whose economy is enriched by oil and gas exports, has to integrate Green Economy concept into its energy sector. In order to integrate environmental concerns into energy sector, an Energy-Environment Review (EER) was considered as the mainstreaming tool capable of examining the interface between energy and the environment. The results of the EER should be interpreted, in the light of the objective of the Five-Year Development Plan in Iran, to achieve fast and sustainable green growth and accelerate the transition to a market economy. The proposed actions will promote economic efficiency, use of energy resources through a proper allocation of scarce resources, including environmental resources, so as to achieve economic efficiency and environmental and social protection. This article updates trends in Iran and provides: to be stated continuously (i) an analysis of the current situation with regards to energy production and consumption; (ii) an evaluation of the growth prospects; (iii) the identification of environmental issues induced by the generation and use of energy and estimation of the associated costs of damages; (iv) the evaluation of the extent of contribution to the climate change phenomenon through emission of greenhouse gases; (v) the evaluation of the proposed mitigation measures for the previously identified environmental problems; and (vi) conclusions and recommendations. It is assessed that the total health damage from air pollution in 2010 at about to be converted to dollars 160 × 1012Rials (US$ fifteen billion); equivalent to 1.55% of nominal GDP. The damage cost to the global environment from the flaring of natural gas, assessed on the basis of a carbon price of US$ 17/ton CO2, is found to be approximately US$1.02billion per year.
- انتشار مقاله: 09-03-1396
- نویسندگان: Mojtaba Ardestani,Majid Shafie-Pour,Azadeh Tavakoli
- مشاهده