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کاربرد نوع شرط:
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Journal of Oral Health and Oral Epidemiology
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Iran,Quality of Life,Child,Family,Oral health
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: BACKGROUND AND AIM: Oral and dental health condition besides its impact on quality of life (QOL) is a significant aspect of public health appraisal. Recognition of this impact and various dimensions is required to design evidence-based programs. This study was conducted to determine the impact of children’s oral health on families’ QOL in Rafsanjan City, south of Iran, in 2017.
METHODS: This descriptive cross-sectional research was carried out on 631 parents of elementary students who were selected from schools using simple random sampling. Data collecting tool was a 3-section questionnaire including demographic characteristics, Family Impact Scale (FIS), and 6 items of health behaviors associated with oral health. Data were analyzed through SPSS software using statistical tests of Pearson correlation, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), independent t-test, and chi-square test at a significance level of 0.050.
RESULTS: The mean score of FIS was 8.59 ± 8.20 out of 42. Major harms to family QOL occurred respectively in terms of concern about the child's future, upsetting family members, and needing more care compared to other family members. There was a significant relationship between FIS score and use of toothbrush, toothpaste, dental floss, junk foods, and regular check-up every 6 months (P < 0.010). Regular check-up (B = -3.54), regular brushing (B = 2.10), and less use of junk foods (B = 1.40) were three main factors in FIS (P < 0.001).
CONCLUSION: Considering the association between oral health behaviors and FIS, evidence-based interventional programs for children and parents are recommended. Also, to remove financial barriers, available and affordable services are recommended.- انتشار مقاله: 30-08-1398
- نویسندگان: Mohtasham Ghaffari,Sakineh Rakhshanderou,Leili Mazar,Mostafa Nasirzadeh
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Journal of Kerman University of Medical Sciences
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Quality of Life,adolescence,Oral health
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background: Oral Health related Quality of Life (OHQoL) as a multi-dimensional concept indicates person’s satisfaction with his/her oral health in terms of various dimensions. This study was carried out to examine impact of oral health on the quality of life of 12 year-old children in Rafsanjan and its relationship with their oral health behaviors. Methods:This descriptive-longitudinal study was conducted on 571 sixth grade elementary students from 8 selected schools of Rafsanjan/ Iran in 2017-18. A three-part questionnaire including demographic characteristics, oral health behaviors and 35 items taken from the standard 35-item OHQoL questionnaire was employed as data collecting tools. Data were analyzed using SPSS-16 Software, one-way ANOVA, independent t- test, and Chi-square at significance level of 0.05. Results:The mean score of OHQoL index was 30.43±18.1 and there was a significant relationship between the OHQoL index and tooth brushing behavior (P=0.03), tooth brushing duration (P<0.001), using toothpaste (P<0.001), daily and regular snacks consumption (P=0.01), and regular dentist visit (P=0.04); however, this relationship was not significant in terms of dental floss use and frequency of tooth brushing (P>0.05). The highest impact of oral health on children's quality of life was in terms of oral symptoms, functional impairment and emotional health dimensions, respectively. Conclusion:Despite the optimum mean score associated to oral health-related quality of life, students’ health had been affected in terms of oral symptoms, functional impairment and emotional health and this variable was itself affected by oral health behaviors such as tooth brushing and regular dentist visiting to receive services. Accordingly, planning, implementing and evaluating interventions for other stakeholders, such as families and school authorities, are recommended.
- انتشار مقاله: 28-11-1397
- نویسندگان: Mohtasham Ghaffari,Sakineh Rakhshanderou,Mostafa Nasirzadeh,Mohammad Asadpour
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: International Journal of Community Based Nursing and Midwifery
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: qualitative research,Stress,coping,hemodialysis
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background: Nowadays, the prevalence of chronic diseases, such as chronic renal failure, is rising.
These patients need hemodialysis to continue their treatment, which is a stressful process. This research was conducted with the purpose of explaining coping styles in hemodialysis patients regarding stress factors based on the Lazarus and Folkman’s transactional model.
Methods: This qualitative study was conducted as a content analysis. The data collection method was
semi-structured interview with 22 patients from dialysis centers in Tehran. The data were collected
from October to January 2017. Sampling was purposive and continued until data saturation. Data were analyzed using the directed content analysis method. The process of data analysis proposed by Hsieh and Shannon’s was followed.
Results: 106 codes and 24 sub subcategories were obtained through this research and classified into 8 sub-categories of transactional stress model including: problem management, emotional regulation, social support, dispositional coping styles, positive reappraisal, revised goals, spiritual beliefs and positive events; and 3 categories of coping structures that included coping efforts, meaning-based coping and moderators.
Conclusion: Dialysis patients are making efforts to cope with their stress in order to reduce their
stress; in some cases, these efforts lead to reduction in stress, and in some cases, due to using unsound coping style, they are ineffective or even harmful. Therefore, the necessity of planning and proper interventions is felt by health care providers to control stress in dialysis patients.- انتشار مقاله: 13-12-1397
- نویسندگان: Mohtasham Ghaffari,Mohammad Ali Morowatisharifabad,Yadollah Mehrabi,Samad Zare,Jafar Askari,Somayeh Alizadeh
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: International Journal of Pediatrics
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Iran,Students,Availability,Vegetable,Fruit,Accessibility
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background: Availability and accessibilityarereported as the main determinants of fruit and vegetable consumption among children. The present study was conducted to assess the status of availability and accessibilityto fruit and vegetable at school and home among Iranian adolescents in Tehran, Iran.
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted to assess status of fruit and vegetable availability and accessibilityamong Iranian adolescents. In this study, 500 adolescents aged 11 to 14 years old were investigated in Tehran, Iran. Subjects were chosen by multi-stage random sampling method. The data collection tool was a valid researcher-made questionnaire consist of 21 questions. The data was analyzed using SPSS software version 16.0.
Results
68% (n=344) and 27.2% (n=136) of students reported that fruit and vegetables is available in their home always, respectively. Also, 19.6% (n=98), and 58.4% (n=292) of students reported that most of the times and always unhealthy foods were sold in schools’ buffets, respectively; 88% (n=440) of students declared that they are allowed to take fruit and vegetable from the refrigerator and eat any time they want to. Results showed no significant difference between boys and girls in terms of availability and accessibility(P=0.268). In addition, there was a significant relationship between variables of residential area, family and home size, birth order and the parents’ education level and availability and accessibility (P<0.05).
Conclusion: Fruit and vegetable availability and accessibility was not acceptable yet among guidance school students in Tehran.It is recommended to implement proper interventions for families, school managers as well as students to promote availability and accessibilityof fruit and especially vegetable for adolescents.- انتشار مقاله: 14-06-1397
- نویسندگان: Sakineh Rakhshanderou,Yadollah Mehrabi,Mohtasham Ghaffari
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: International Journal of Pediatrics
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Students,Osteoporosis,Education,Grade seven,Preventive activities
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background
Osteoporosis is the most common metabolic bone disease that decreases bone mass, causes destruction and eventually friability. This disease is preventable, and because adolescent females are the high-risk population, teaching this age group is of the utmost importance. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of the two educational methods (Lecture and Pamphlet) on osteoporosis preventive behaviors among female students.
Materials and Methods: This was a randomized clinical trial (RCT). To collect data, demographic questionnaire, food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), and physical activity questionnaire were used. Subjects were 205 seventh-grade girls who were selected by multistage random method and allocated in two experimental (Lecture = 68, Pamphlet = 67) and 70 for control group. In the Lecture group, there were 5 sessions of training, each of which lasted 60 minutes. In the Pamphlet group, only educational pamphlets were given, and no interventions were performed in the control group. Data were analyzed through statistical software SPSS version 21.0. Descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, t-test and ANOVA were applied to analyze the data.
Results: The mean age of the students was 13 + 0.856 years old and there was no difference in terms of demographic variables between intervention and control groups. The results identified the mean scores of physical activity behaviors significantly improved two mounts after the intervention in the lecture group (P=0.001).While, the men scores of the pamphlet group had no significant changes after two months, but the differences of the both group compared to the control group were significant. Considering the significant decreased in the control group (P= 001). The mean scores of calcium intake in the two lecture and pamphlet groups significantly increased (P<0.001), while, as it was expected no significant changes in the control group after the intervention.
Conclusion: The osteoporosis preventive behaviors intervention improved the preventive behaviors of the participants. The results showed the effectiveness of education in both Pamphlet and Lecture group, because calcium intake and physical activity were significantly increased compared to pre-intervention and the control group.- انتشار مقاله: 11-10-1395
- نویسندگان: Leila Darabi,Farkhondeh Amin Shokravi,Mohtasham Ghaffari
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: International Journal of Pediatrics
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Education,Telegram,Breast Feeding,Social Networks
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background: Distanceeducation for mothers with suckling babies can have a high effect and more proponents due to short time of such mothers as well as other problems like bringing infant with themselves. Authors of this research have shared an experience on application of social network of Telegram for educational intervention in field of continued breast feeding and complementary feeding of children among Iranian women.
Materials and Methods: In this research, social network of Telegram was employed to provide teachings associated with continued breastfeeding and complementary feeding of children to mothers based on the model of Center for Diseases Control of USA (CDC). 90 members, out of 125 mothers who were informed, became member of Telegram group voluntary with informed consent,namely that the participation rate was 72%. The Telegram group called "Mother’s love - Mother’s milk" was designed on August 2016 and has been active for 6 months until this date. The group has been active under the management of an experienced physician and consultation with a pharmacist.
Results: Participants of this research reported cell phone, internet, physician, books, and journals as the most-used sources, respectively, to access to information about breast feeding and health of their children. Only five mother of group-member mothers were uneducated or had elementary education level. Also, it was determined that the higher percentage of women who joined Telegram group were housewives compared with the group who had no tendency to join group. 100% of members evaluated membership in Telegram group and subjects related to complementary feeding beneficial and 39 of 41 (95%) participants in an E-survey, were satisfied with learning, and 35 members (85.4%) were satisfied with teaching.
Conclusion: This study highlights the importance of social networks as potential educational field. Usage of this media, particularly among women groups under specific circumstance of pregnancy, can be beneficial.- انتشار مقاله: 16-01-1396
- نویسندگان: Mohtasham Ghaffari,Sakineh Rakhshanderou,Yadollah Mehrabi,Afsoon Tizvir
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: International Journal of Pediatrics
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Iran,Students,Predisposing factors,Tooth Brushing Behavior
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background
Oral Health is a criterion for general health. Oral diseases have a chronic process as well as multifactorial nature. Predisposing factors are the strongest factors in behavior formation at personal level. The aim of this study was to determine the strongest predisposing factors affecting oral health behavior among Iranian school age children.
Materials and Methods
This descriptive-analytical study was conducted on 441 students (9-12 years old) in Rafsanjan city, Iran. Researcher-made questionnaire was used as data collection tool designed based on the reviewing scientific references, text and qualitative research, consisted of three parts including 8 demographic questions, 8 predisposing factors (Knowledge, Attitudes, Perceived Susceptibility, Severity and Benefits, Subjective Norms, Motivation to Comply and Observational Learning) and checklist of weekly behavior of tooth brushing. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 16.0 software.
Results
Mean score of majority of constructs, except for Knowledge, were at optimum level. Frequency of tooth brushing behavior of twice and more per day was equal to 66.1%. There was a statistically significant positive relationship between tooth brushing behavior and Knowledge of students (r=0.1, P<0.05). According to multi-criteria regression analysis, Knowledge and perceived severity had the strongest predicting role in daily behavior of tooth brushing.
Conclusion
Perceived severity and knowledge were most important predisposing factor and predictor of tooth brushing behavior among children. Considering these factors in designing interventions to improve the behavior of brushing is recommended.- انتشار مقاله: 30-12-1395
- نویسندگان: Mohtasham Ghaffari,Mostafa Nasirzadeh,Sakineh Rakhshanderou,Ali Ramezankhani
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: International Journal of Pediatrics
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Behavior,Mobile Phone,Pamphlet,intervention,Short message
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background: Mobile phone is one of the most important necessary tools in today’s life which can threaten people’s health in some conditions. The present study was carried out to compare the effect of educational intervention by short message and pamphlet on the behavior of steel factory staff in Ardakan, Yazd province, Iran.
Materials and Methods: The present study was experimentally carried out on 319 staff in three groups. The intended samples were selected using the cluster sapling method. The self-made questionnaire was employed as the data collection means having 15 questions about behavior assessment. The results were utilized once their validity (face and content) and reliability was confirmed. The obtained results were analyzed using the SPSS18 statistical software.
Results: The average score of people’s behavior before the educational intervention in the three groups of control, intervention-short message, and intervention-pamphlet was 21.2, 21.1, and 20.7, respectively (P = 0.714). After educational intervention, the average behavior score of people in the control, intervention-short message, and intervention-pamphlet was increased by 27.74, 42.91, and 38.56, respectively (P ˂ 0.05).
Conclusion: The educational short message and pamphlet would change the behaviors concerning the use of mobile phone among the staff members under study. However, the short message had a stronger effect on the people’s behavior than the pamphlet. Considering the importance of the mobile phone and its associated behaviors, the necessity of conducting health education intervention aiming at increasing the knowledge, it demonstrates the change of attitude and behavior among other members of the society.- انتشار مقاله: 23-07-1395
- نویسندگان: Ali Ramezankhani,Mohtasham Ghaffari,Yadollah Mehrabi,Seyyed Hannan Kashfi,Akbar Babaei Heydarabadi
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: International Journal of Pediatrics
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: HIV/AIDS,Youth,Extended Health Belief Model
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background
HIV/AIDS is one of the major public health problems and a barrier to the progress of human civilization that is considered as a big concern for people all around the world. Premarital sexual abstinence is introduced as the most effective way to avoid HIV/AIDS. This study aimed to determine associated factors in the preventing behaviors of HIV/AIDS among young people using the Extended Health Belief Model.
Materials and Methods
This research was a cross-sectional descriptive analytical study which was conducted on 577 students in different universities in Shiraz. The participants were enrolled in the study using random stratified sampling method. A researcher-made questionnaire based on Extended Health Belief Model was implemented to collect data. Data were analyzed with SPSS V.18 using independent t-test, ANOVA, and Pearson correlation coefficient.
Results
In this study, the intention of premarital sexual abstinence had a statistically significant association with the constructs of knowledge, perceived susceptibility, perceived benefits, perceived barriers, perceived self-efficacy, subjective norms, and religious beliefs (P<0.05).
Conclusion
When designing programs for the prevention of HIV/AIDS and for the promotion of the premarital sexual abstinence, it might be useful to utilize the Extended Health Belief Model and focus on religious beliefs and subjective norms.- انتشار مقاله: 31-04-1395
- نویسندگان: Mohtasham Ghaffari,Zabihollah Gharlipour,Sakineh Rakhshanderou
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: International Journal of Pediatrics
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Students,theory of planned behavior,Fast Food Consumption
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background
Today, lifestyle changes have led to increasing fast food consumption. Regarding importance of nutrition in adolescence, the present study aimed to identify determinants of fast food consumption using theory of planned behavior among students of guidance schools in Tehran, Iran.
Materials and Methods
This cross-sectional study (descriptive-analytical) was carried out using self-administered questionnaire among 768 (384 boys and 384 girls) students of grades 1, 2 and 3 in regions 2, 9 and 18 of Tehran. Sampling method in this study was randomized and multi-stage.Finally, participants were selected from 10 schools. Data was gathered using scales based on constructs of Theory of Planned Behavior. Obtained data was analyzed using SPSS software (version 16.0). Participation of students in this study was voluntary and with informed consent.
Results
Logistic regression confirmed the predictability of perceived behavioral control for students’ intention to fast food consumption (odds ratio [OR]: 1.02, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.01, 1.04). In addition, perceived subjective norms (OR: 1.01, 95%CI: 1.001, 1.02) and behavioral intention (OR: 1.9, 95% CI: 1.64, 2.2) predict significantly fast food consumption behavior.
Conclusion
Based on results, perceived behavioral control, subjective norms and intention were reported as predictors of fast food consumption, thus these constructs should be addressed in designing fast food-related educational interventions among study population.- انتشار مقاله: 14-12-1396
- نویسندگان: Leila Ebadi,Sakineh Rakhshanderou,Mohtasham Ghaffari
- مشاهده