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کاربرد نوع شرط:
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Nanochemistry Research
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Photodegradation,Salicylic acid,Nanostructures,Nanotubes,Anodization
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: To improve the photo-catalytic degradation of salicylic acid, we reported the fabrication of ordered TiO2 nanotube arrays by a simple and effective two-step anodization method and then these TiO2 nanotubes treated in a methanol solution under UV light irradiation. The TiO2 nanotubes prepared in the two-step anodization process showed better photo-catalytic activity than TiO2 nanotubes prepared in one-step anodization process. Also, compared with TiO2 nanotubes without the UV pretreatment, the TiO2 nanotubes pretreated in a methanol solution under UV light irradiation exhibited significant enhancements in both photocurrent and activity. The treated TiO2 nanotubes exhibited a 5-fold enhancement in photocurrent and a 2.5-fold increase in the photo-catalytic degradation of salicylic acid. Also the effect of addition of persulfate and periodate on the photo-catalytic degradation of salicylic acid were investigated. The results showed that the degradation efficiency of salicylic acid increased with increasing persulfate and periodate concentrations. These treated TiO2 nanotubes are promising candidates for practical photochemical reactors.
- انتشار مقاله: 03-08-1393
- نویسندگان: Mohamad Mohsen Momeni,Mir Ghasem Hosseini
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Journal of Health Sciences and Surveillance System
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Iran,Prevalence,Antibiotics,Self-Medication
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background: Nowadays, self-medication of therapeutic agents is of global concern particularly in developing and underdeveloped countries. Some studies conducted in Iran showed that the frequency of self-medication was significant. Objective: This research was conducted to estimate the prevalence of arbitrary use of antibiotics in Shiraz community with special interest in its determinant factors. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Shiraz, in 2009. Approximately 710 out of all patients referred to all health care centers in Shiraz were selected to fill out a questionnaire containing 23 questions divided into two parts. The frequency of self-medication according to demographic factors was described and the association between independent variables and selfmedication was analyzed. Results: The frequency of self-medication in this study was 44.5% and the request to prescribe antibiotics by the patients was 53.5%. Amoxicillin was the most widely used drug by the participants. There was a significant association between age and gender with self-medication. The frequent cause for self-medication was common cold. Approximately, 74.4% of the participants reported their previous experience as the main reason for self-medication. Conclusion: The results of this survey demonstrated the high frequency of self-medication in Shiraz. Socio-cultural determinants are the etiologic factors for self-medication. Policy makers are recommended to provide community-wide educational programs to make people aware about the adverse effects of self-medication. There was a significant association between age, gender and education with self-medication and governments could pay more attention to these factors for designing the interventional programs.
- انتشار مقاله: 14-05-1392
- نویسندگان: Mehrdad Askarian,Mohsen Hosseingholizadeh Mahani,Mina Danaei,Mohsen Momeni
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Journal of Advances in Medical Education and Professionalism
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی:
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Introduction: Today, development of professionalism is acritical aim of medical schools. Studies have demonstrated thatmedical students’ perceived level of professionalism is inadequateworldwide. This study aimed to investigate the medical students’perceptions of their colleagues’ professional behavior.Methods: This study is a cross-sectional study with 280 medicalstudents at Shiraz University of Medical Sciences in their fifthto seventh year of study as the sample. The study was performedduring one month in 2013, using stratified random samplingmethod. The instrument of the study was the Persian version ofthe questionnaire of the American Board of Internal Medicine(ABIM).The questionnaire includes demographic information,questions about the meaning of the professionalism, history ofmedical ethics education programs and 12 behavioral questions.The data were analyzed using student t-test and Pearson correlationtest. The significance level was set as 0.05.Results: Forty percent of respondents did not know the meaning ofprofessionalism. The mean±SD score of behavioral questions was5.91±1.2 on a scale from 0 to 10. The mean±SD score of excellencequestions was 4.94±1.7. It was 7.05±1.9 for ‘honor/integrity’, and6.07±2.1 for ‘altruism/respect’ questions. There was a significantassociation between gender and excellence score (p=0.007).Conclusion: Medical students assessed their colleagues’professional behavior as poor. They did not have properinformation about professionalism. Medical students are futuregeneral practitioners and respecting medical ethics by them is veryimportant in a perfect health system. Universities should emphasizethe importance of teaching professionalism to medical studentsand faculty members, using innovative education methods.Keywords: Professionalism; Excellence; Respect; Medical students
- انتشار مقاله: 09-04-1394
- نویسندگان: MEHRDAD ASKARIAN,MOHAMMAD JAVAD EBRAHIMI NIA,FATEMEH SADEGHIPUR,MINA DANAEI,MOHSEN MOMENI
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Environmental Energy and Economic Research
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Supply chain network design,mathematical model,level of customer service,Reduce costs,Green Supply Chain Management
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Nowadays, Economic systems play an important role in environment's field. Along with the rapid change in global manufacturing scenario, environmental and social issues are becoming more important in managing any business. Increasing pressures and challenges to improve economic and environmental performance have been caused developing countries in generally in particular to consider and to start implementing green supply chain management. Green Supply Chain Network Design and Management are an approach to improve performance of the process and products according to the requirements of the environmental regulations. It is emerging as an important approach which not only reduces environmental issues but also brings economic benefit to manufacturers. Green Supply Chain Management (GSCM) has a significant influence to reduce environment's risks. Choosing the suitable supplier is a key strategic decision for productions and logistics management on the supply chain management. The purpose of this study is to describe the GSCM, to determine the allocation of products between plants, collection centers as well as effect of GSCM to the system's cost is investigated. In this paper, GSCM with multiple and conflicting objectives such as reducing costs, increasing customer's level of service and increased flexibility (accountability), respectively by providing mathematical model for optimal allocation of manufacturing products to market demand. In the event of a problem return them to factory pays the collection centers. Also, Green Supply Chain Network Design that includes several manufacturing plants, collection centers, and production with the aim of minimizing the total cost of the chain to be considered.
- انتشار مقاله: 02-04-1396
- نویسندگان: Zhila Dehdari Ebrahimi,Mohsen Momeni Tabar
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Addiction and Health
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: risk factors,Waterpipe smoking,Prevalence,Behavior
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background: Waterpipe smoking is a growing public health threat worldwide. The aim of this study was to assess waterpipe smoking prevalence and its associated factors among Iranian adults.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Kerman, Iran, recruiting 1090 adult participants using multistage sampling in 2016. A self-reported researcher-designed questionnaire was used. The socio-demographic characteristics and waterpipe smoking behaviors such as pattern, duration, and the most common place of waterpipe use, the type of tobacco, and the concurrent use of alcohol and substances were assessed. Data analyses were performed using chi-square, independent t-test, and multiple logistic regression.Findings: The prevalence of ever, current and daily waterpipe smoking were 43.8%, 28.8%, and 7.2%, respectively. Men initiated to use waterpipe in more early ages than women (P < 0.001). Café or restaurant (34.4%) and friends' house (36.8%) were the most frequent places for waterpipe using by men and women, respectively. Men used waterpipe 2.8 times more frequently than women. Waterpipe smoking was 4.9 times more likely in the 18-24 years age range compared to the 45 years or older. Waterpipe use was 2.4 times greater in the unemployed than in housewives. People with a university education were 1.4 and 1.7 times more likely to use waterpipe compared to people with high school diploma and illiterates, respectively.Conclusion: The present study revealed that men, high level of education, younger age and unemployment were associated with waterpipe smoking. Therefore, we need to design and implement more effective interventions, especially for vulnerable target groups.
- انتشار مقاله: 10-05-1396
- نویسندگان: Mina Danaei,Akram Jabbarinejad-Kermani,Elham Mohebbi,Mohsen Momeni
- مشاهده