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کاربرد نوع شرط:
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Journal of Optoelectronical Nanostructures
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Solar Cell,Thermal evaporation,Lead sulfide (PbS),Carrier gas,Optoelectronic properties
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: In this study, lead sulfide (PbS) films were grown on Fluorine-doped Tin
Oxide (FTO) glass substrate by thermal evaporation in a horizontal furnace to
investigate carrier gas effect on structural, morphological, elemental, optical, electrical
and photovoltaic properties of PbS. X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns confirmed the
formation of cubic polycrystalline PbS particles for all samples. The results showed that
using Ar+H2 as a carrier gas increased crystallite size of the film. Field emission
scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) images showed nano-dimension surface
morphologies and revealed that using carrier gas can make the obtained films and their
surface porosities more uniform and regular. Also, the elemental analysis demonstrates
that using mixed carrier gas provides a better stoichiometry for PbS film. Optical and
electrical evaluations indicated improvements in absorption intensity and electrical
conductivity of the PbS film when using the mixed carrier gas. Finally, the deposited
films were characterized as solar cells and their quality parameters (QP) were extracted
and presented. The obtained results illustrate the improvement in QPs of PbS solar cell
when using mixed carrier gas.- انتشار مقاله: 15-08-1397
- نویسندگان: Mohsen Cheraghizade,Mohsen Cheraghizade,Mohsen Cheraghizade,Mohsen Cheraghizade
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Advances in Mathematical Finance and Application
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Diversification Strategy,Cost Leadership Strategy,Product differentiation strategy
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Changes in credit risk may arise when either the value or the risk of corporate assets changes. Changes in the equity value associated with the changes in the asset value and changes in asset risk can be characterized into potentially countervailing direct and indirect effects. The indirect effect of risk on equity value is a function of factors that affect the debt value of including leverage, asset value, and asset risk. This study examines whether the equity value reflects the profits and losses associated with the changes in the debt value consistent with the predictions of Merton [21]. The insurance companies listed in the Stock Exchange during 2010-2015 were selected to test the desired hypotheses. It has been found that the stock returns are negatively related to the increase in credit risk as reflected in the changes of estimated bond ratings. More importantly for the research question, it has been realized that the relationship between risk changes and equity returns is negative when the leverage is higher.
- انتشار مقاله: 23-07-1395
- نویسندگان: Majid Davoudi Nasr,Mohsen Cheraghi
- مشاهده