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کاربرد نوع شرط:
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Journal of Health Sciences and Surveillance System
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Water Quality,Drinking,Groundwater,Shiraz,IRWQI
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background: Monitoring the water quality and analyzing its changes over time is an important aspect of sustainable management and development of water resources. The purpose of the present study was to analyze the trend of temporal variations in the quality of drinking water supplied from groundwater sources in Shiraz, using IRWQI (Iran Water Quality Index) as well as statistical analysis.Methodology: This study was conducted on groundwater resources in Shiraz, Iran from 2011 to 2015. 10 water quality parameters were used in this index including NO3, Fecal Coliform, EC, TH, SAR, BOD5, PO4, COD, pH, and DO, with their own weights. Repeated measure test was used in order to analyze the differences between IRWQI values between the study years.Results: The results showed that IRWQI varied between 89/96 (very good quality) and 49/51 (average quality) in the study years. The main causes of water quality decline were average to relatively high levels of hardness and nitrate. The general pattern of the changes in water quality has been accompanied by an increase and decrease, so that the water quality has improved from 2011 to 2013 but then declined until the end of the study.Conclusion: Regarding the necessity of clarifying the water quality condition and its changes and the importance of using IRWQI as an emerging national indicator, water quality analysis in different parts of the country, taking advantage of this indicator and statistical analyses will help the country promote and accelerate the integrated management of water resources quality.
- انتشار مقاله: 07-02-1397
- نویسندگان: Mohammad Ali Baghapour,Zohre Moeini,Yousef Kamali,Mohammad Reza Shooshtarian,Mohammad Reza Zare
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Journal of Health Management and Informatics
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Scientific Performance,Medical University Ranking,Scientometric,Scientific output
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Introduction: Given the key role of universities and higher education institutes in the
social and economic development of countries, it is necessary to evaluate their performance regularly with appropriate methods and measures. Since research and science production are among the essential functions of universities, measurement of scientific outputs is an important part of university performance evaluation. The aim of this study was to rank the Iranian medical universities by scientometric indicators.
Methods: One way to evaluate the scientific outputs is to use one of many scientometric
indicators defined over the years for quantitative and qualitative evaluation of the researchers. This approach can also be expanded for evaluation at the university level. In the descriptive
survey presented in this paper, 152597 scientific articles published by the authors affiliated
with 50 Iranian medical universities were investigated. The scientific output data extracted
from the Scopus database of each university were analyzed separately using the cumulative
number of scientific papers, number of citations, citation impact, h-index, m-parameter,
and g-index. The universities were then ranked according to each indicator. This study is
an applied research based on the results. The sample number in this study was all scientific
output of the universities studied.
Results: Among the studied universities, Tehran University of Medical Science ranked first
in terms of cumulative number of scientific papers, citations, h-index, and g-index, Alborz
University of Medical Science ranked the first in terms of m-parameter, and Arak University
of Medical Sciences ranked the first in terms of citation impact.
Conclusion: The obtained rankings were compared with the results of Islamic World Science
Citation Database (ISC) ranking system. This comparison showed that the rankings of Iranian medical universities based on cumulative number of papers, number of citations, and h-index were strongly correlated with the results of ISC ranking system.- انتشار مقاله: 20-01-1398
- نویسندگان: Mohammad Reza Zare Banadkouki,Mohammad Reza Zare Banadkouki,Mohammad Reza Zare Banadkouki
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Journal of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Legal Medicine,Insurance,Self- Injurious Behavior,Compensation and Redress
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Statement of the Problem: Nonsuicidal self-inflicted injuries are socially unacceptable and may cause mild to severe damages.Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the demographic features of the subjects with orodental self-injuries referred to a forensic medicine center in Shiraz, Iran.Materials and Method: This cross-sectional study evaluated 51 participants (49 men and 2 women) with orodental injuries referred to forensic medicine administration. Orodental self-injury was detected in the subjects, based on the last forensic criterion of self-injuries, considering their history, clinical examinations, and panoramic radiographs.Results: The findings of this study revealed that dental self-injuries were more prevalent among married men from urban areas with secondary education levels. Most of the cases were due to the monetary compensation received. In the majority of cases, a hard object was used for this self-injury. Moreover, no statistical association was observed between the economic status and orodental self-injury.Conclusion: This study concluded that dental self-injury could be regarded as an unplanned incident because no significant correlation was observed between the participants, their economic status, and the type of dental trauma. Furthermore, detailed investigations on the latent variables are required.Key Words ● Self- Injurious Behavior ● Legal medicine ● Insurance ● Compensation and Redress
- انتشار مقاله: 17-08-1396
- نویسندگان: Mohammad Mehdi Shokouhi,Mohammad Zarenezhad,Saeid Gholamzadeh,Fereshte Sobhnamayan,Mohammad Javad Talebi,Abbas Abbaszadegan
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Journal of AI and Data Mining
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Data mining,Drug addiction,Association Rules,rules discovery
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Drug addiction is a major social, economic, and hygienic challenge that impacts on all the community and needs serious threat. Available treatments are successful only in short-term unless underlying reasons making individuals prone to the phenomenon are not investigated. Nowadays, there are some treatment centers which have comprehensive information about addicted people. Therefore, given the huge data sources, data mining can be used to explore knowledge implicit in them, their results can be employed as a knowledge base of decision support systems to make decisions regarding addiction prevention and treatment. We studied participants of such clinics including 471 participants, where 86.2% were male and 13.8% were female. The study aimed to extract rules from the collected data by using association models. Results can be used by rehab clinics to give more knowledge regarding relationships between various parameters and help them for better and more effective treatments. E.g. according to the findings of the study, there is a relationship between individual characteristics and LSD abuse, individual characteristics, the kind of narcotics taken, and committing crimes, family history of drug addiction and family member drug addiction.
- انتشار مقاله: 28-10-1392
- نویسندگان: Farzaneh Zahedi,Mohammad-Reza Zare-Mirakabad
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Iranian Journal of Veterinary Medicine
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Metabolism,Thyroid Hormones,Glucocorticoids,Side effects,Holstein calves
- چکیده: زمینه مطالعه: گلوکوکورتیکوئیدها داروهای استروئیدی هستند که به طور گسترده در طب دام های بزرگ مورد استفاده قرار می گیرند. این داروها منافع متعددی در دام های بزرگ دارند اما مضراتی نیز در استفاده طولانی مدت یا در مقادیر بالا ممکن است مشاهده شود. اهداف: مطالعه تجربی حاضر به منظور مشخص ساختن تاثیر دگزامتازون و ایزوفلوپردون، به عنوان دو گلوکوکورتیکوئید رایج در دام های بزرگ، بر هورمون های تیروئیدی گاو انجام شد. روش کار: تعداد 10 راس گوساله هلشتاین به ظاهر سالم (6 تا 8 ماهه) در دو گروه مساوی وارد شدند. دگزامتازون (1 میلیگرم/کیلوگرم) و ایزوفلوپردون (1 میلیگرم/کیلوگرم) به ترتیب به گروه های دگزا و ایزو در دو روز متوالی از طریق داخل عضلانی تجویز شدند. نمونه های خون در روز صفر (قبل از اولین تجویز دارو)، 1 (قبل از دومین تجویز دارو)، 2، 3، 5 و 7 از تمام حیوانات مورد مطالعه اخذ شد و غلظت های سرمی T3، T4، fT3 و fT4 در تمامی نمونه ها مورد سنجش قرار گرفت. نتایج: مقادیر T3 و T4 به طور معنی داری پس از تجویز هر دو دارو کاهش یافت. میزان T3 و T4 در گروه ایزو به طور معنی داری کمتر از دگزا بود (05/0>P). تغییرات معنی داری در سطوح سرمی fT3 و fT4 متعاقب تجویز این داروها مشاهده نشد. نتیجه گیری نهایی: مقادیر فارماکولوژیک دگزامتازون و ایزوفلوپردون اثرات مهاری بر سطوح سرمی هورمون های تیروئیدی گوساله های هلشتاین داشت که احتمالا از طریق مهار تولید TSH در سطح هیپوتالاموس-هیپوفیز-تیروئید است.
- چکیده انگلیسی: BACKGROUND: Glucocorticoids are the steroidal drugs which are very widely used in large animal medicine. These agents have advantages in large animals but they have been also associated with many potential adverse effects especially at high doses or prolonged use. OBJECTIVES: The present experimental study was designed to clarify the effects of dexamethasone (DEXA) and isoflupredone (ISO), as the most common glucocorticoids in large animal medicine, on bovine thyroid hormones. METHODS: Ten clinically healthy Holstein calves (6-8 months old) were assigned into 2 equal groups. Dexamethasone (1 mg/kg) and isoflupredone (1 mg/kg) were administered intramuscularly in DEXA and ISO groups, respectively, for two consecutive days. Blood samples were taken at days 0 (before the 1st dose), 1 (before the 2nd dose), 2, 3, 5 and 7, from all studied animals and serum concentrations of T3, T4, fT3 and fT4 were determined in all specimens. RESULTS: Levels of T3 and T4 were decreased significantly after both drugs administrations. The concentrations of T3 and T4 in Iso group were significantly lower than DEXA one (P<0.05). There were no significant changes in serum fT3 and fT4 levels following drugs administrations. CONCLUSIONS: Pharmacological doses of dexamethasone and isoflupredone have suppressive actions on the circulating levels of thyroid hormones in Holstein calves possibly via inhibition of TSH production at hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid level.
- انتشار مقاله: 08-04-1395
- نویسندگان: Aliasghar Chalmeh,Mehrdad Pourjafar,Saeed Nazifi,Mohammad Reza Zarei
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Iranian Journal of Medical Physics
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: γ –index,Cubic Spline,Dose Calculation
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Introduction
Relative dose computation is a necessary step in radiation treatment planning. Therefore, finding an approach that is both fast and accurate seems to be necessary. The purpose of this work was to investigate the feasibility of natural cubic spline to reconstruct dose maps for linear accelerator radiation treatment fields in comparison with those of the simulation.
Materials and Methods
A natural cubic spline algorithm was used to reproduce dose calculations of linac radiation treatment fields resulting from GEANT4 application for tomographic emission (GATE) simulation. The spline algorithm was used to compute percent depth dose of radiation therapy fields for 6 MV X-rays, which were calculated by simulation of Elekta Compact Linac. It reconstructed 2-dimensional dose maps and created isodose distributions. This dose maps were evaluated and compared with the simulation, where the γ -index was used.
Results
A good agreement was found between the doses calculated from the simulation and the spline. In particular, an average γ-index passing rate of 0.24 was obtained for sample percent depth dose distributions, and an average γ -index passing rate of 0.20 was observed for sample dose profiles.
Conclusion
Natural cubic spline has been established to calculate dose maps from field characteristics. The feasibility and possibility of natural cubic spline to calculate dose maps for linac radiation therapy fields in a homogeneous phantom has been demonstrated.- انتشار مقاله: 11-04-1392
- نویسندگان: Hamid-Reza Sadoughi,Shahrokh Nasseri,Mahdi Momennezhad,Hadi Sadoghi-Yazdi,Mohammad-Hossein Zare,Mohammad-Hossein Bahreyni-Toosi
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Iranian Journal of Medical Physics
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Agaricus bisporus,Edible mushroom,Radionuclides,HPGe Detector,Tehran Province
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Introduction
Natural and man made radioactive sources exist in our environment they can enter into our food chains. One of these is the soil-mushroom-human chain. High level doses of natural radiation can cause hazards to humans.
Materials and Methods
Samples of Agaricus bisporus cultivated edible mushroom in Tehran province- Iran were collected from 7 farms. Specific activity of 226Ra, 228Ra, 137Cs, 40K and 235U of the samples were measured by two HPGe detectors.
Results
Specific activity of 226Ra, 228Ra, 137Cs and 40K in the edible mushroom samples were equal to 0.06 ± 0.03 - 0.7 ± 0.2 Bq kg-1 dry, 1.4 ± 0.7 Bq kg-1 dry, 0.1 ± 0.03- 0.3 ± 0.1 Bq kg-1dry and 920 ± 400 - 1370 ± 900 Bq kg-1dry , respectively.
Conclusion
As the measured concentrations of the radionuclides of interest are close or lower than MDA (Minimum Detectable Activity). Consumption of the mushrooms would impose no health consequences to the consumers.- انتشار مقاله: 15-01-1391
- نویسندگان: Vahid Changizi,Mina Angaji,Mohammad Reza Zare,Khatoon Abbasnejad
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Iranian Journal of Medical Physics
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Reproducibility of Results,Radiography,Mult-O-Meter, Quality Control
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Introduction
Using ionization radiation for diagnostic and treatment fields has increased worldwide dramatically. This issue causes an increase in the absorbed and collective doses in society noticeably. With regard to two main principles in radiation protection, i.e., justification and optimization, it is necessary to have imaging process with minimum dose to patients and personnel. For achieving this, it is vital to perform quality control tests regularly. On this topic, many studies have been performed and reported worldwide which show necessities and meaningfulness of QC tests.
Materials and Methods
In this study, Unfors Mult-O-Meter model 303 is used for surveying accuracy of kVp and time, linearity of exposure with mAs, and reproducibility of exposure.
Results
According to recommendations of AAPM (2002) and ICRP 103, in this study, 27% of apparatuses in accuracy of kVp, 45% in accuracy of timer, and 30% in accuracy of reproducibility were out of accepted range.
Conclusion
In surveyed apparatuses, both ends of operating range have large errors in therefore it is recommended that these devices should not be used in the mentioned regions. Performing strict quality control on all radioactive devices is one of the radiation protection priorities that should be done periodically .With regard to the results, repair, substitution or omition of some devices are suggested.
- انتشار مقاله: 11-09-1392
- نویسندگان: Hamid Gholamhosseinian-Najjar,Mohammad-Taghi Bahreyni-Toosi,Mohammad-Hossein Zare,Hamid-Reza Sadeghi,Hamid-Reza Sadoughi
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Iranian Journal of Medical Physics
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Drinking Water Gamma Spectroscopy Iran,Kermanshah Natural Radioactivity
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Introduction: Human has always been exposed to background ionizing radiation. Interaction between ionizing radiation and the biological system can lead to changes in cells or tissues inducing diseases, such as cancer. With this background in mind, this experimental study aimed to evaluate the specific activity of water radionuclides in Kermanshah province, western region of Iran.
Material and Methods: The specific activities of 226Ra, 232Th, and 40K radionuclides in drinking water were assessed by gamma-ray spectrometer with high-purity Germanium detector. The water samples were collected from different towns (14 sites) in Kermanshah province on winter and summer seasons.
Results: The mean specific activity levels of 226Ra, 232Th, and 40K radionuclides in Bq/l were 0.53±0.28, 1.07±0.43, and 7.17±5.37 in winter, respectively. In addition, during summer the mean specific activities of 226Ra, 232Th, and 40K were 0.61±0.20, 0.76±0.36, and 5.67±3.7 Bq/l, respectively. Contributions of the consumed water samples to annual effective dose for these radionuclides in adults was calculated to be in the range of 0.0015-0.24 mSv/y with the mean of 0.15 mSv/y.
Conclusion: Findings of the present study demonstrate that the radioactivity level in drinking water due to 226Ra, 232Th, and 40K radionuclides in Kermanshah province is lower than the guidance levels recommended by the World Health Organization report (WHO-2011). Moreover, the mean annual effective dose caused by these radionuclides in Kermanshah province is lower than the global average level (0.29 mSv/y) reported by United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation (UNSCEAR 2000).- انتشار مقاله: 26-01-1397
- نویسندگان: Marzban Parhoudeh,Karim Khoshgard,Mohammad Reza Zare,Ali Ebrahiminia
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Squamous Cell Carcinoma,Surgery,Brain,scalp,Skull
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی:
- انتشار مقاله: 28-07-1398
- نویسندگان: Mehdi Shafiei,Pouya Omidi,Fatemeh Maraki,Negin Larti,Mohammadreza Zarei
- مشاهده