در هنگام جستجو کلمه در قسمت عنوان میتوانید کلمات مورد جستجو را با کاراکتر (-) جدا کنید.
کاربرد نوع شرط:
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: MRSA,Community-Acquired Infections,Vancomycin Resistance
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Objective(s) Staphylococcus aureus is a common cause of human infection, and emergence of vancomycin-resistance S. aureus is a great concern for treatment of methicillin-resistant S. aureus,(MRSA) in recent years (MRSA). Here, we report the isolation of high-level VRSA. Materials and Methods S. aureus was isolated from foot ulcer of a diabetic woman in Tehran, Iran. Antibiotic susceptibility was determined according to CLSI guidelines. VanA gene cluster PCR was carried out and PCR amplicon of vanA was sequenced. Results S. aureus had high-level vancomycin-resistant (MIC 512 ≥ µg/ml). Patient's history revealed that VRSA isolate was acquired through community transmission. Only vanA, vanR and vanS genes were amplified in our isolate. Sequencing revealed that the vanA sequence had high similarity to the vanA sequence of Tn1546. Conclusion Although VRSA infection continues to be rare, isolation of community–acquired VRSA is a significant issue and it needs the efforts of public health authorities.
- انتشار مقاله: 24-06-1394
- نویسندگان: Anahita Dezfulian,Mohammad Mehdi Aslani,Mahvash Oskoui,Parisa Farrokh,Masumeh Azimirad,Hossein Dabiri,1Mohammad Taghi Salehian,1Mohammad Reza Zali
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Iranian Journal of Biotechnology
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: PCR,RFLP,Bovine Lymphocyte Antigen,Holstein Bulls
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: The Holstein bulls (n=50) were genotyped for bovine lymphocyte antigen (BoLA-DRB3.2) alleles by polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). Genomic DNA was extracted from bull semen using phenol-chloroform method. A two-step PCR was conducted in order to amplify a 284 base-pair fragment of the target gene. Amplicons were digested by RsaI, HaeIII and BstyI restriction endonuclease enzymes. Digested fragments were electrophoresed on 8% polyacrylamide gel and visualized after silver staining. Seventeen BoLA-DRB3.2 alleles were identified with frequencies ranging from 1 to 21%. Sixteen alleles were similar to those reported previously and one was a new allele which has not been reported before. The frequencies of alleles BoLA-DRB3.2 *3, *8, *10, *11, *12, *13, *15, *16, *21, *22, *23, *24, *28, *51, *iaa, *ibb, *qbb were 2, 9, 2, 14, 1, 2, 4, 10, 1, 14, 5, 21, 6, 6, 1, 1, and 1%, respectively. The seven most frequent alleles (BoLA-DRB3.2 *8, *11, *16, *22, *24, *28, *51) accounted for 80% of alleles in the investigated population. This data indicate that the BoLA-DRB3.2 locus is highly polymorphic in Holstein bulls of Iran.
- انتشار مقاله: 10-06-1394
- نویسندگان: Maryam Parnian,Seyed Ali Ghorashi,Morteza Pashmi,Mohammad Reza Mollasalehi
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Iranian Journal of Applied Language Studies
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: validity,Differential item functioning (DIF),Item Response Theory (IRT),Test validation,Test fairness,Logistic Regression (LR)
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Validation is an important enterprise especially when a test is a high stakes one. Demographic variables like gender and field of study can affect test results and interpretations. Differential Item Functioning (DIF) is a way to make sure that a test does not favor one group of test takers over the others. This study investigated DIF in terms of gender in the reading comprehension subtest (35 items) of a high stakes test using a three-step logistic regression procedure (Zumbo, 1999). The participants of the study were 3,398 test takers, both males and females, who took the test in question (the UTEPT) as a partial requirement for entering a PhD program at the University of Tehran. To show whether the 35 items of the reading comprehension part exhibited DIF or not, logistic regression using a three step procedure (Zumbo, 1999) was employed. Three sets of criteria of Cohen’s (1988), Zumbo’s (1999), and Jodin and Girel’s (2001) were selected. It was revealed that, though the 35 items show “small” effect sizes according to Cohen’s classification, they do not display DIF based on the other two criteria. Therefore, it can be concluded that the reading comprehension subtest of the UTEPT favors neither males nor females.
- انتشار مقاله: 11-10-1392
- نویسندگان: Mohammad Salehi,Alireza Tayebi
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: International Journal of Travel Medicine and Global Health
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Oral contraceptives,Menstrual,Hajj pilgrims
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Introduction: The pilgrimage to Ka’beh (God’s house in Mecca) is a special opportunity in the life of most Muslims. Female pilgrims try to postpone menstruation during the pilgrimage by taking hormonal medicines. However, women are seen in this disorder. This paper aimed to determine the frequency of menstrual disorders and related factors among female pilgrims of Umrah Mufradah in 2012.
Methods: This study was a descriptive type, the population of which comprised 400 female Iranian pilgrims aged 15-50 years who were selected through random cluster sampling from Umrah caravans. Data was collected with a questionnaire developed by the researchers that contained questions about menstrual disorders. The questionnaire was distributed among participants at their hotels three days prior to their return to Iran.
Results: Among all the participants, 98.7% of them reported taking pills to suppress menstruation. Of this group, 74.7% successfully prevented menstruation, 26% reported spotting, and 11.6% reported menstruation. There was no significant difference between consumption of medicine and factors such as marital status, city, and educational background of the individuals. Participants reported that spotting and menstruation caused them to experience stress and anxiety when performing Umrah rituals.
Conclusion: Experiencing menstrual disorders during pilgrimage can be stressful for pilgrims. To reduce such problems, counseling sessions on menstruation postponement as part of the justification classes before departing for Hajj and compiling an equal and coordinated nationwide protocol seem necessary.- انتشار مقاله: 13-06-1395
- نویسندگان: Wealeed Dandehbor,Majid Kazemi,Mohammad Hossein Salehi Shahrbabaki,Zohre Ghorashi,Rezvan Sadrmohammad,Bonnie Bozorg,Reza Bidaki
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: International Journal of Finance and Managerial Accounting
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Control,needs assessment,Financial Reporting,ABC,Planning Performance evaluation
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Nowadays, companies confront many ups and downs due to optimal or destructive decisions made by corporate executives based on industry trends information. Complexities and environmental uncertainties have made companies more dependent on information. But increasing and accumulation of information may reduce the quality of managerial decisions as well as waste the time. This involves assessment of management information needs as a prerequisite to design any information system, either a management system or even an activity-based one. This study takes a descriptive-survey approach to examine information needs for the managers of listed industries in Tehran Stock Exchange (TSE) in the field of cost accounting with an emphasis on activity-based costing. Following series of interviews with executives, a theoretical framework was developed based on it and two questionnaires for financial and non-financial managers were extracted and distributed among study samples. The questionnaires were analyzed using statistical t-tests as well as exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis to determine the information needs to ABC. The empirical findings on the information needs gaps show that information needs of the TSE publicly-traded industries' directors would be lied in financial reporting, planning (budgeting), performance appraisal and control purposes and some suggestions were provided, accordingly.
- انتشار مقاله: 16-10-1397
- نویسندگان: Ali Eshaghzade,Mohammad Salehifar,Mohammad Sadegh Shahali
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Chemical Methodologies
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: essential oil,optimization,GC-MS,Peanut,supercritical fluid extraction
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: < p>Peanut essential oils cover a big part of the human diet, containing various proteins and lipids. Optimized extraction of essential oils from peanut could acts an important role in food and pharmaceutical industries. The aim of this study was to validate a cost-effective green method with high recovery rates for extracting the peanut essential oils. Supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) was implemented for the extraction of oils from Arachis hypogaea. The experimental parameters of SFE such as pressure, temperature, modifier volume, static, and dynamic extraction time were optimized using a central composite design after a 2n–1 fractional factorial design. Chemical compositions of the SFE extract were characterized using the GC–MS. Optimum conditions for supercritical fluid extraction were the temperature of 65 °C, 10 min time for static extraction, the pressure of 350 atm, dynamic extraction time of 35 min, and modifier volume of 150 µL. Major components of the SFE extracted oils in optimum conditions were oleic acid (35%), linolic acid (7.4%), palmitic acid (5%), and stearic acid (4.5%). The extraction recovery based on the SFE varied at the range of 0.60–17.10% (w/w) under different conditions. SFE coupled with GC-MS was successfully implemented for extraction of the peanut essential oils and it is a green and cost-effective method which could potentially replace the existing methods in the food and pharmaceutical industry.
- انتشار مقاله: 07-03-1399
- نویسندگان: Nastaran Rahimi,Alireza Narenjian,Mahnaz Qomi,Mohammad Hossein Salehi Surmaghi,Orkideh Dadras
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Applied Research on English Language
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: gender,Corrective feedback (CF),Oral CF,Learner’s preferences
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: This study examined Iranian EFL learners’ preferences regarding oral Corrective Feedback (CF) in a TOEFL speaking course. A 30-item questionnaire was administered to
32 participants in a TOEFL preparation course to elicit EFL learners’ views concerning their CF expectations. The results showed that based on the nature and objective of the course, students cared about their accuracy while fluency for these students was of secondary importance. Therefore, CF was regarded as crucial and necessary by the participants and they considered their grammatical errors as the most important one to be corrected followed by vocabulary and pronunciation errors. In terms of CF type, explicit and delayed corrective feedback were the most preferred error correction forms. Furthermore, males preferred their teacher to correct them, females favored self-correction and peer correction more than males. Finally, it can be concluded Attitudes to different feedback types and types of errors that they prefer to be corrected were mostly affected by the nature and the objective of the tasks and the course in general.- انتشار مقاله: 23-12-1397
- نویسندگان: Mohammad Salehi,Saeedeh Jafari Pazoki
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Advances in Environmental Technology
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Mass transfer,activated carbon,Airlift Reactor,Activated Sludge,Gas Superficial Velocity
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: A bioreactor refers to any manufactured or engineered device that supports a biologically active environment. These kinds of reactors are designed to treat wastewater treatment. Volumetric mass transfer coefficient and the effect of superficial gas velocity, as the most important operational factor on hydrodynamics, in three-phase airlift reactors are investigated in this study. The experiments for the external airlift reactor were carried out at a 0.14 downcomer to riser cross-sectional area ratio, and for the internal reactor at 0.36 and 1. Air and water were used as the gas and liquid phases, respectively, as well as activated carbon/sludge particles as the solid phase. Increasing the superficial gas velocity resulted in greater liquid circulation velocity, gas hold-up, and volumetric mass transfer coefficient; increasing the suspended activated carbon particles resulted in a decreased concentration of activated sludge, downcomer to riser cross sectional area ratio, liquid velocity, gas hold-up and volumetric mass transfer coefficient. The maximum gas hold-up was 0.178 which was attained in the external airlift reactor with a 1 Wt. % of activated sludge at a gas superficial velocity of 0.25 (m/s). The maximum volumetric mass transfer coefficient was 0.0485 (l/s) that was observed in the external airlift reactor containing activated carbon with a 0.00032 solid hold-up. A switch was observed in the activated sludge airlift reactor flow regime at gas velocities higher than 0.15 (m/s) and 0.18 (m/s) in the activated carbon airlift reactors.
- انتشار مقاله: 08-08-1395
- نویسندگان: Mohammad Ali Salehi,Nasrin Hakimghiasi
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Addiction and Health
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Methadone,drugs,Hepatitis C Virus,Iran,treatment
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background: Untreated Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) has been reported among many Iranian female methadone patients. However, few of them report receiving HCV treatment. The present study is the first research from western Asia that explored the barriers to receiving HCV treatment among a group of Iranian female HCV-infected methadone patients.Methods: This qualitative study was conducted in four main methadone treatment clinics in Tehran, Iran, in November 2016. Overall, fifty-six untreated HCV-infected women and eight clinicians from HCV and methadone treatment services were interviewed. Women either had not received HCV treatment or received HCV treatment but left it. Data were analyzed using NVivo software. This was based on the grounded theory of Strauss and Corbin.Findings: Barriers to receiving HCV treatment included factors related to individuals and factors related to the system. Individual factors included the perception that untreated HCV infection was not a serious health concern, family responsibilities, and self-perceived discrimination against HCV-infected women. System-related factors included the lack of referral from methadone treatment staff, and a long distance between HCV treatment centers and methadone treatment centers. Interviews with the health professionals also confirmed the women’ self-reports.Conclusion: The results of this research confirm the necessity of providing HCV education and the delivery of comprehensive care for this group in methadone treatment clinics. Other services such as staff education and HCV treatment services at methadone treatment centers are suggested.
- انتشار مقاله: 05-12-1396
- نویسندگان: Omid Massah,Mohammad Effatpanah,Afsaneh Moradi,Mohammad Salehi,Ali Farhoudian,Zahra Karami
- مشاهده