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کاربرد نوع شرط:
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Journal of Energy Management and Technology
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Uncertainty Modeling,Energy hub,Optimization Methods,realistic decision-making
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Energy Hub is an appropriate framework for modeling and optimal scheduling of multi-energy systems (MES). However, the optimal scheduling problem in the energy hub models is fed by various technical, economic, social and environmental parameters. Many of these parameters are mainly subject to uncertainties. Fluctuating nature of renewable energy sources (RES), energy prices in deregulated markets, the behavior of consumers, simplifications and approximations in modeling, linguistic terms of experts, etc. are just a few examples of uncertainty sources in the optimal scheduling problem of energy hub. Ignoring such uncertainties in the process of modeling and optimization of energy hub results in unrealistic models and inaccurate results. On the other hand addressing these uncertainties leads to increased complexity of modeling and optimization. Therefore, identifying appropriate methods to address uncertainties is essential to achieve a realistic model of MES in the framework of energy hub. This paper reviews the different uncertainty modeling methods in optimal scheduling of energy hub. In this paper, different modeling and optimization methods of energy hub are discussed and strengths and weaknesses of these methods are demonstrated. A classification and review of the various uncertainty modeling methods implemented in the most recent research on MES are done to identify efficient methods for using in energy hub models. This paper concludes that future energy hub models need to realistic scheduling and modeling of MES to be able to achieve a realistic and comprehensive model of future sustainable energy systems.
- انتشار مقاله: 07-02-1396
- نویسندگان: Mohammad Mohammadi,Younes Noorollahi,Behnam Mohammadi-ivatloo,Hossein Yousefi,Saeid Jalilinasrabady
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Journal of Emergency Practice and Trauma
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Wounds,Gunshot,Shotgun,Victims,Gunshot firearms
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Objective: Determination of victim’s clothes in gunshot wounds is important due to the necessity of immediate workup in the emergency room as well as the legal aspects of cases. The aim of this study is to evaluate the importance of victim’s clothes in gunshot wounds referred to autopsy hall of legal medicine bureau of Tehran, Iran from 2014 to 2017.
Methods: In this analytical comparative study, 202 consecutive cadavers of gunshot victims, referred to Tehran Legal Medical Hall from 2014 to 2017, were enrolled and the effect of shotgun and gunshot wound were determined and compared. Data were collected using a researcher-made questionnaire. The significance level of the tests was considered as P < 0.05. Spearman correlation coefficient and chi-square tests were used accordingly. The data were analyzed using SPSS software version 22.
Results: In this study, all women were killed by gunshot. Also, all of the 26 people who were killed by shotgun were men. The mean of age only in males was 39-48 years for shotgun, and 29-38 years in both genders for gunshot. Evaluation of their clothes in the emergency room and autopsy hall was helpful in 70% of cases in order to determine shot distance and type of gun (P = 0.0001). Conversely, we did not observe a significant difference between sex (P = 0.082) and the pattern of death (P = 0.211).
Conclusion: Based on the obtained results, it seems that some characteristics of victim’s clothes may be useful to differentiate shotgun and gunshot.- انتشار مقاله: 03-01-1399
- نویسندگان: Fares Najari,Hadi Jafari,Ali Mohammad Alimohammadi,Dorsa Najari
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Journal of Industrial and Systems Engineering
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: healthcare management,organ transplant supply chain,location efficiency,bi-objective MIP optimization
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Nowadays, working alone on a context is not sufficient and reaching good and worthy results demands cooperation of multi sciences. Healthcare supply chain is one of these sciences that bridges engineering and healthcare sciences. This paper proposes a new multi–objective model for organ transplant supply chain, which is one of consequential fields in Healthcare supply chain, by aiming at having a more effective system. First objective function tries to minimize costs of opened centers, shipping organs, information, and allocations. In this regard, to increase number of transplantations and decrease shortage of demands, a penalty figure is also considered for remained inventory at the end of each period. The second objective function considers three important aspects of location in organ transplant supply chain which have not been studied yet, including; expected number of donors, coverage of other locations by taking into consideration the maximum remaining time for each organ out of body, and safety index. The last objective function tries to find routs with final total minimum time. At the end, some numerical experiments are done with using GAMS optimization software.
- انتشار مقاله: 15-01-1396
- نویسندگان: Seyed Mahdi Aghazadeh,Mohammad Mohammadi,Bahman Naderi
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Journal of Health Sciences and Surveillance System
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Nanocomposite,Cefixime,azithromycin,PAC/Fe/Si/Zn,UV-assisted removal
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background: Pharmaceutical pollutants are one of the most important pollutants for water resources, and their health and environmental effects have been well estimated.Absorption is one of the best methods of the removal of antibiotics using nanocomposite. Methods: This experimental study was performed on Nano composites. The PAC/Fe/Si/Zn Nano composite was successfully synthesized using a co-precipitation method in which iron (Fe), silicon (Si) and zinc (Zn) were loaded on the activated carbon powder (PAC). The structural features of the as-synthesized Nano composite were determined using X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). The as-synthesized Nano composite was utilized to remove azithromycin and cefixime from aqueous solution with the assistance of UV light. The effect of operational parameters such as pH, irradiation time, initial azithromycin/cefixime concentration and Nano composite dose on UV-assisted removal performance was evaluated using an optimization process. Results: The UV-assisted removal activities indicated more removal percentage (99.7%) for azithromycin compared to cefixime (95.6%). The kinetics of removal was tested using Langmuir-Hinshelwood model, indicating the first-order reaction kinetics as the best model for UV-assisted removal of both azithromycin and cefixime. Adsorption equilibrium data were modeled using Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms. Azithromycin equilibrium adsorption showed a good fit with both Langmuir and Freundlich models, while the most suitable model for cefixime adsorption was estimated to be Langmuir isotherm. Conclusion: The findings showed that PAC/Fe/Si/Zn Nano composite were well able to degrade non-biodegradable antibiotics in aqueous solutions, which is very valuable from environmental aspects.
- انتشار مقاله: 14-07-1399
- نویسندگان: Azadeh Mehrdoost,Reza Jalilzadeh Yengejeh,Mohammad Kazem Mohammadi,Ali Akbar Babaei,Azadeh Haghighatzadeh
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Journal of Health Sciences and Surveillance System
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی:
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background:Air pollutants have harmful impacts on human health and aggravation of diseases and mortality. This study was conducted to investigate the impact of PM10, NO2, SO2, and O3 on cardiovascular and respiratory mortality and hospital admissions in Shiraz during 2012-2013.Methods: The health impact of pollutants was quantified using AirQ2.2.3 model provided by WHO Regional Office-European Center for Environment and Health. In addition, Generalized Additive Model (GAM) in R was used to investigate the relationship between pollutants and disease and mortality.Results:According to the results of quantification with WHO’s default values for Baseline Incidence (BI) and Relative Risk (RR) as well as the number of hospital admissions related to PM10 (1,375 cases in 2012 and 874 ones in 2013), it has been observed that respiratory diseases have had the highest health impacts. On the other hand, an assessment using regional values for BI and RR indicated that the highest health impacts were related to respiratory diseases due to exposure to O3 with 134 and 252 cases in 2012 and 2013, respectively. Moreover, significant relationships were observed among PM10, NO2, and O3 and respiratory mortality, hospital admissions due to cardiovascular diseases, and hospital admissions due to respiratory diseases in patients aging 65 years and older.Conclusion:Overall, the results showed that due to different geographical, statistical, and climatic features of each region, WHO’s default values for BI and RR cannot be used normally in some cases. Thus, calculated BI and RR values should be used for such cases. However, further research is needed to assess the health impacts of air pollutants in terms of BI and RR specific to the study region.
- انتشار مقاله: 03-10-1396
- نویسندگان: Abooalfazl Azhdarpoor,Aezam Mohammadi Mohammadi,Abbas Shahsavani
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Journal of Health Management and Informatics
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی:
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Introduction: Business Process Management (BPM) is a disciplined approach that allows abusiness to identify, model, deploy, execute, manage, monitor, and improve its processes in a standardized manner. This research aimed to identify the prerequisites for the deployment of this approach in Iran’s Hospitals.Methods: The present research was a qualitative cross-sectional study which was conductedusing the content analysis method in 2017. Sampling was performed using the purposivesampling method and continued until data saturation. The participants were 18 men and5 women. The data were collected through semi-structured interviews. Data analysis wasperformed using the content analysis method.Results: After analyzing the contents of the interviews, we classified the prerequisites forthe deployment of BPM practices into six themes and 14 subthemes: Process Engineering,Flexible Treatment Guidelines and Procedures, Flexible Organizational Rules, LearningOrganization, Smart Electronic Filing, and Access Control Systems.Conclusion: According to the experts interviewed, decision-makers have to carefullyaddress the prerequisites such as legal and cultural requirements and the limitations such asbudgetary constraints before initiating the deployment of BPM systems. Overall, it appearsthat the localization and deployment of this approach, as much as it is currently possible, can benefit the Iranian healthcare systems as well as Iranian patients.Keywords: Process, Quality Improvement, Healthcare, Business Process Management
- انتشار مقاله: 03-11-1397
- نویسندگان: Farzaneh Doosty,Vahid Rasi,Mohammad Yarmohammadian,Mohsen Sadeghpour
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Journal of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Dental Plaque,toothbrush,Bleeding index
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Statement of the Problem: Ultra-soft bristles are recommended for individuals with gingival recession, dentinal hypersensitivity and patients who have undergone periodontal surgeries. However, comparative effectiveness of ultra-soft toothbrushes on dental plaque and bleeding indices has not extensively been studied, and a consensus has yet to be reached on their efficacy.
Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of ultra-soft toothbrushes with different commercial brands on plaque and bleeding indices.
Materials and Method: In this cross-over randomized clinical trial, 30 participants were selected using convenience sampling method. The subjects were randomly divided into three groups (n=10). In the first session, the bleeding index was recorded. Then each subject was given a toothbrush (Oral B, GUM, or Fuchs), asked to brush at least twice a day using the Bass technique, then avoid brushing for 24 hours after a week and refer for recording the indices. During the second session, bleeding on probing was recorded before brushing, and plaque indices were recorded before and after brushing. Plaque indices before brushing were considered the baseline plaque indices. After one week of wash-out, each subject used the next toothbrush in terms of the group involved. Turesky plaque index, O’Leary plaque index and bleeding index were evaluated. The distribution of data was normal. Therefore, ANOVA, t-test, and post hoc tests were used for the analysis of data.
Results: The bleeding and plaque indices decreased significantly compared to the baseline with the use of all the three ultra-soft toothbrushes evaluated (p < 0.05), with no significant differences between the three brands (p > 0.05) except for the superiority of Fuchs toothbrush in decreasing the Turesky plaque index.
Conclusion: Ultra-soft toothbrushes can reduce plaque index compared to the baseline, but they do not decrease the plaque index up to the optimal level, which might affect their prescription.- انتشار مقاله: 24-07-1398
- نویسندگان: Anahita Saffarzadeh,Neda Khodarahmi,Mohammad Mohammadi
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Journal of Dental Materials and Techniques
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Color,Disinfection,Sterilization,3D Master shade guide
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Purpose:Dental shade guides are commonly used for color determination and should be disinfected and sterilized. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the color change of Vita 3D Master shade tabs after disinfection and sterilization. Material and methods:Overall, 98 samples (shade tabs) were randomly selected from 14 new, unused Vita 3D sets, including the following shades: 2M1, 3L1.5, 3M1, 3M2, 3M3, 3R1.5 and 4M1. In each set, values of 2, 3 and 4, chroma of 1, 2 and 3 and hue were selected for the comparison of different shades. All tabs were measured using the Vita Easyshade device at baseline. The first group was disinfected with Deconex and the second group was sterilized by autoclaving in a simulated annual application. All the tabs were measured again using the same device. This process was repeated to simulate 2 and 3 years of usage. Statistical analysis was conducted by repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) and independent t-test and paired sample t-test. Results:In the disinfected group, we observed significant differences in value and chroma in all periods (p˂0.001). However, hue showed no significant difference after the first year of simulated treatment (p=0.527), though it was significantly different in the second and third simulations (p˂0.001). In the sterilized group, all variables showed a significant difference for each year (p˂0.05). Considering total color difference (ΔE), there was a significant difference between the two groups in the first, second and third simulated years; ΔE increased in the sterilized group more than in the disinfected samples (p˂0.001). Conclusions: The color change of shade tabs was significant both after disinfection by a chemical solution and by sterilization through autoclaving. However, although disinfectants may not have a clinically important effect, sterilization should be considered as an interfering factor during color-matching procedure.
- انتشار مقاله: 24-07-1395
- نویسندگان: Hossein Dashti,Azizollah Moraditalab,Mohammadreza Mohammadi,Hamidreza Rajati Haghi
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Journal of Aerospace Science and Technology
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Bifurcation,Poincaré map,Preload,Tow-lobe bearing
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: This paper presents the effect of preload on nonlinear dynamic behavior of a rigid rotor supported by two-lobe aerodynamic noncircular journal bearing. A finite element method is employed to solve the Reynolds equation in static and dynamical states and the dynamical equations are solved using Runge-Kutta method. To analyze the behavior of the rotor center in the horizontal and vertical directions under different operating conditions, the dynamic trajectory, the power spectra, the Poincare maps and the bifurcation diagrams are used. From this study, results show how the complex dynamic behavior of this type of system comprising periodic, -periodic and quasi-periodic responses of the rotor center varies with changes in preload values by considering two bearing aspect ratio. The results of this study contribute to a better understanding of the nonlinear dynamics of two-lobe aerodynamic noncircular journal bearing system.
- انتشار مقاله: 29-01-1389
- نویسندگان: R. Rashidi,A. Karami Mohammadi Karami Mohammadi,F. Bakhtiari Nejad Bakhtiari Nejad
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Journal of Aerospace Science and Technology
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Bifurcation,Poincaré map,Preload,Tow-lobe bearing
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: This paper presents the effect of preload on nonlinear dynamic behavior of a rigid rotor supported by two-lobe aerodynamic noncircular journal bearing. A finite element method is employed to solve the Reynolds equation in static and dynamical states and the dynamical equations are solved using Runge-Kutta method. To analyze the behavior of the rotor center in the horizontal and vertical directions under different operating conditions, the dynamic trajectory, the power spectra, the Poincare maps and the bifurcation diagrams are used. From this study, results show how the complex dynamic behavior of this type of system comprising periodic, -periodic and quasi-periodic responses of the rotor center varies with changes in preload values by considering two bearing aspect ratio. The results of this study contribute to a better understanding of the nonlinear dynamics of two-lobe aerodynamic noncircular journal bearing system.
- انتشار مقاله: 29-01-1389
- نویسندگان: R. Rashidi,A. Karami Mohammadi Karami Mohammadi,F. Bakhtiari Nejad Bakhtiari Nejad
- مشاهده