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کاربرد نوع شرط:
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Women’s Health Bulletin
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Women,Immunity,Elderly,Combined training,Adipocytokines
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background: Aging is a process in which the body’s physiological capacity continuously decreases after the age of 30. However, interventions such as physical activity can play an important role in the prevention of aging. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of eight weeks of combined training (endurance and resistance) in different orders on inflammatory factors and adipokines among elderly females. Patients and Methods: The design of this study was quasi-experimental. Forty healthy females were selected purposely and randomly assigned to one of four groups including strength after endurance training (E + S, n = 9), strength prior to endurance training (S + E, n = 10), circulation combined (CI, n = 12), and control (n = 9) groups. The training program was performed for eight weeks, three times per week. Within-group differences were analyzed using a paired samples t-test and between-group differences were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). Results: The data analysis showed that the between group comparison did not influence the adaptive response of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α (P = 0.80), high sensitivity-C reactive protein (hs-CRP) (P = 0.55), adiponectin (P = 0.33), chemerin (P = 0.56), omentin (P = 0.51), leptin (P = 0.10) and vaspin (P = 0.70) levels, yet the within group comparison showed a significant difference in the chemerin concentration in the E+S group (P = 0.03). Conclusions: The results indicated that three different combined trainings (strength and endurance) had no positive effect on inflammatory factors and adipokines among aged females. However, the different combined trainings, independent of order, were effective training methods in reducing body fat and body mass index (BMI) in aged females.
- انتشار مقاله: 11-10-1348
- نویسندگان: Ebrahim Banitalebi,Zahra Mardanpour Shahrekordi,Abdol Reza Kazemi,Laleh Bagheri,Sadegh Amani Shalamzari,Mohammad Faramarzi
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Research Journal of Pharmacognosy
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Antioxidants,Butyrylcholinesterase,Cholinesterase Inhibitors,anti-tyrosinase,Dracocephalum
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background and objectives: Dracocephalum species are mentioned in Iranian traditional medicine for enhancement of cognitive performance. In the present study, the acetyl cholinesterase inhibitory and butyryl cholinesterase inhibitory activities as well as the anti-oxidant and anti-tyrosinase effects of three Iranian Dracocephalum species (D. kotschyi, D. multicaule, D. polychaetum was analyzed). Methods: The extractions were performed stepwise with hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate (EtOAC), methanol (MeOH) and water. AChE and BChE inhibitory properties were measured by a microplate assay. Total phenolic content of all extracts were also evaluated and anti-oxidant activities of the extracts were assessed using DPPH, FRAP assays. Tyrosinase inhibitory activity was measured using the modified dopachrome method with L-DOPA as the substrate. Results: The results showed that the EtOAc extract of D. multicaule and MeOH extract of D. kotschyi were the most active anti-oxidant and anti-tyrosinase extracts which showed the highest amounts of phenolic compounds. Dracocephalum multicaule demonstrated the most considerable activity in AChE inhibition and D. polychaetum the highest activity in BChE inhibition. The aqueous extract of D. multicaule inhibited both AChE and BChE. Conclusion: Dracocephalum multicaule can be suggested as a proper natural candidate for improvement of cognitive disorders.
- انتشار مقاله: 30-10-1397
- نویسندگان: Maryam Khodaei,Yaghob Amanzadeh,Mohammad Ali Faramarzi,Morteza Pirali-Hamedani,Hamid Reza Adhami*
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Progress in Biological Sciences
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Antioxidant enzymes,Carotenoids,Adaptation,salt stress,Phycobiliprotein,Cyanobacterial culture
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: In this study, some physiological and biochemical responses of Synechococcus elongatus to salt stress were investigated. The cyanobactrium was grown in BG-11 medium under different concentrations of NaCl (0, 0.5, 1 M). The results indicated that the growth of S. elongatus was significantly inhibited under salt stress on days 5, 9 and 12. Protein content increased in S. elongatus on day 12 in presence of salt. Salinity induced proline accumulation at 1 M NaCl on day 12 and caused a significant enhance in hydrogen peroxide content on day 5. Catalase (CAT) activity continuously increased on day 5. An increasing trend in polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activity was indicated on days 5 and 9. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity gradually induced with increasing NaCl concentrations on day 5. Salt stress decreased chlorophyll content compared to that of control in three stages of growth, and carotenoid content declined on days 9 and 12. The contents of phycobiliprotein (PBP), phycoerythrin (PE) and phycocyanin (PC) enhanced significantly under different NaCl concentrations on days 5 and 9. These results show that S. elongatus has limited adaptative potential to salinity, and the optimum medium for its culture should not bear NaCl even at a moderate level, if production of carotenoids is aimed.
- انتشار مقاله: 21-10-1394
- نویسندگان: Maryam Rezayian,Vahid Niknam,Mohammad Ali Faramarzi
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Journal of Rehabilitation Sciences and Research
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Addiction,Opioids,Cell adhesion molecules,Aerobic exercises
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background: Drug consumption and addiction lead to serious cardiovascular diseases as well as inflammation. Cellular adhesion molecules are glycoproteins that mediate a leukocyte reaction to inflammation. This study aims to determine the effect of aerobic exercises on some cardiovascular factors in addicts treated with methadone.
Methods: This is a semi-experimental research. To conduct this research, 30 male addicted patients treated with methadone with a mean age of 33.53±15.42 years, 70.06±15.42kg weight and 174.8±5.69cm were selected after medical screening and randomly divided into experimental (n=16) and control (n=16) groups. First, the height, weight and body mass index (BMI) of participants in both groups were measured. Blood samples were taken from the subjects in order to measure the intercellular adhesion molecules 1 (sICAM) and cellular vascular adhesion 1 (sVCAM) in serum. The experimental group had an aerobic exercise program including use of a treadmill with a 40 to 50% maximum heart rate in the beginning and then, a 70 to 80% maximum heart rate. The control group had only a follow-up. After 8 weeks, all variables were measured in both groups. Correlated t-test and independent t-test were used for intragroup and intergroup comparisons (P<0.05).
Results: Results showed that after 8 weeks aerobic exercises, there was no significant difference in ICAM-1 (p=0.397), VCAM-1 (P=0.521), and BMI (p=0.223).
Conclusion: Although 8-weeks aerobic exercise was not effective and sufficient for BMI, ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 indicators of the addicts treated with methadone, but it reduced ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 in the exercise group.- انتشار مقاله: 30-02-1398
- نویسندگان: Farzaneh Taghian,Mahboobeh Zibandepoor,Mohammad Faramarzi
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Journal of Health Sciences and Surveillance System
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Biodegradation,Amoxicillin,Antibiotic,Aquatic Environment,Submerge Aerated Filter
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background: Amoxicillin is widely used as an antibiotic in the modern medicine. Due to its chemical structure, polarity, activity level, antibiotic specifications, and environmental sustainability, Amoxicillin leaks into the groundwater, surface waters, and drinking water wells. Many physical and chemical methods have been suggested for removing Amoxicillin from aquatic environments. However, these methods are so costly and have many performance problems. Methods: In this study, biodegradation of Amoxicillin by submerged biological aerated filter (SBAF) was evaluated in the aquatic environment. In order to assess the removal of Amoxicillin from the aquatic environment, this bioreactor was fed with synthetic wastewater based on sucrose and Amoxicillin at 3 concentration levels and 4 hydraulic retention times (HRTs). Results: The maximum efficiency for Amoxicillin and Soluble Chemical Oxygen Demand (SCOD) removal was 50.8% and 45.3%, respectively. The study findings showed that Stover- Kincannon model had very good fitness in loading Amoxicillin in the biofilter (R2 > 9 9%). T here w as n o a ccumulation o f Amoxicillin in the biofilm and the loss of Amoxicillin in the control reactor was negligible. This shows that removal of Amoxicillin from the system was due to biodegradation. Conclusions: It can be concluded that there was no significant inhibition effect on mixed aerobic microbial consortia. It was also observed that Amoxicillin degradation was dependent on the amount of Amoxicillin in the influent and by increasing the initial Amoxicillin concentration, Amoxicillin biodegradation increased, as well.
- انتشار مقاله: 20-05-1392
- نویسندگان: Mohammad Ali Baghapour,Mohammad Reza Shirdarreh,Mohammad Faramarzian
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Flavonoid,Quercetin,Calendula officinalis,Isorhamnetin,T47D cells
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Three major flavonoid fractions were separated from a methanol extract of Calendula officinalis flowers by preparative TLC. These fractions were evaluated for the inhibition of parent and tamoxifen resistant T47D human breast cancer cells. We also examined the effect of quercetin and isorhamnetin on the growth of parent and resistant T47D cells in the presence and absence of tamoxifen. It was found that quercetin increased cell proliferation of the resistant T47D cells at the presence of tamoxifen but no effect was detected by using quercitin alone. The fractions isolated from Calendula officinalis did not show any inhibitory effects on the cells. Isorhamnetin did not have any proliferative or anti-proliferative activity on the both cell lines.
- انتشار مقاله: 16-12-1383
- نویسندگان: Hamid Reza Monsef-Esfahani,Seyed Naser Ostad,Samira Taheri,Ebrahim Azizi,Mohammad Ali Faramarzi
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Iranian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Otolaryngology,Otology,Family Physicians
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Introduction:
Otolaryngology is a field with a high referral rate; however, there is a dearth of research on the quality of referral letters written in this field. This study was carried out to explicitly assess the quality of referral letters, more specifically in the field of otology.
Materials and Methods:
Two otologists assessed referral letters written by general practitioners or primary care physicians working as family physicians. They were asked to make independent assessment on different variables related to the quality of referral letters and their appropriateness. A “qualified referral letter” in the current study is defined as a letter with standard items, including, description of chief complaint, description of associated symptoms, relevant physical findings, past medical history, drug history, family history, and reasons for referral.
Results:
A total of 1000 referral letters written by 652 primary care physicians were investigated in the current study. The obtained results indicated that 74% of referral letters to otologists contained inadequate information regarding various items in the referral letters. Symptoms, diagnosis, and signs were only reported in 28.3%, 28.9%, and 3.6% of the letters, respectively. The findings showed that most common reasons for referrals were uncertainty in diagnosis (52.4%), persistence of the patient (32.6%), and failed therapy (32%). With regards to case-specific conditions, the highest referral rates were related to external otitis, otitis media with effusion, and acute otitis media.
Conclusion:
According to the obtained results of the current study, the content of referral letters were insufficient or inappropriate. Therefore, it is recommended to improve otolaryngology syllabus and provide suitable courses for undergraduate students in order to become familiar with the importance of referral letter writing.- انتشار مقاله: 10-08-1397
- نویسندگان: Mohammad Faramarzi,Mahmood Shishehgar,Gholam Abbas Sabz,Sareh Roosta,Mehrdad Askarian
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Iranian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Education,Faculty,Graduate,Otolaryngology,Otology
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Introduction
There is limited evidence regarding the quality of otolaryngology residency programs in Iran. Regarding this, the present study aimed to assess some aspects of otolaryngology residency program in the field of otology in Iran based on the perspectives of faculty members and graduates.
Materials and Methods:
This study was conducted on 105 recent graduates and 30 faculty members and/or program directors in otolaryngology using two self-administered questionnaires.
Results:
While the faculty members believed that a resident should work on at least 5.4 temporal bone surgeries on average, the actual number was 2.49. Tympanoplasty was assigned the highest rate of satisfaction by the recent graduates, whereas the lowest score belonged to middle ear exploration, ossiculoplasty, and stapes surgery. Only 53.6% of the graduates stated that there was an organized training curriculum in temporal laboratory. The recent graduates reported to have more frequent experiences of performing usual otology operations. However, they had fewer experiences of performing more advanced surgeries. The recently graduated subjects had a significantly low level of satisfaction with their competencies in carrying out more complex types of otology surgeries.
Conclusion:
High prevalence of otology surgeries in Iran provides valuable opportunities for training otolaryngology residents to achieve an acceptable level of competency. However, the results of this study strongly suggest the necessity of quality improvement both in teaching-learning and assessment processes in otolaryngology training programs.- انتشار مقاله: 27-01-1397
- نویسندگان: Mohammad Faramarzi,Mohammad Hossein Kaveh,Mitra Amini,Sayed Taghi Heydari,Azadeh Samiei,Masoud Motasaddi Zarandy,Ali Eftekhari Eftekhari,Mohammad Mahdi Ghasemi,Mohammad Hossein Baradaranfar,Masoud Naderpour,Mohammad Ajalloueyan,Sulmaz Mohammadi
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Iranian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Treatment outcome,tympanoplasty,Myringoplasty,Tympanic membrane perforation,Hearing
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Introduction:
There are a few studies that compare the outcomes between primary and revision tympanoplasties. The purpose of the present study was to compare the results of type I tympanoplasty (i.e., synonymous to myringoplasty) and revision myringoplasty based on the closure of tympanic membrane perforation and hearing improvement.
Materials and Methods:
Thisprospective single-blind study was carried out on a total of 240 patients with tympanic membrane perforation at a tertiary referral center.Thesubjects underwent primary or revision myringoplasty. Grafting success rate and hearing results were measured and the comparison between the primary and revision groups was drawn.
Results:
Grafting success rate was reported as 96.6% (112 out of 116 cases) for myringoplasty, while in revision myringoplasty the success rate of 78.2% (97 out of 124 patients) was achieved (P=0.001). Speech reception threshold was 23.1±9.2 dB and 24.9±13.1 dB in the primary and revision groups, respectively (P>0.05). However, the percentage of air-bone gap on audiometry≤20 dB were 83.8% and 76% in the primary and revision groups, respectively (P=0.26).
Conclusion:
The findings of the present study have shown that although grafting success was reported significantly better in myringoplasty (tympanoplasty type 1), compared to that in revision myringoplasty, it did not reveal any superiority over revision tympanoplasty regarding the hearing outcomes. No consensus was achieved due to a great number of controversies in the literature.- انتشار مقاله: 02-03-1397
- نویسندگان: Mohammad Faramarzi,Mahmood Shishehgar,Saeed Reza Tofighi,Hadi Sharouny,Raman Rajagopalan
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Iranian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Chronic suppurative otitis media,Ossiculoplasty,Autologous grafts,Incus interposition
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Introduction:
The lenticular process of the incus succumbs to necrosis in chronic otitis media. Few researchers have addressed the issue of autograft incus preservation in the soft tissue of the tragus or mastoid cavity. Nonetheless, preservation of the incus in this method during the second stage of ossiculoplasty is a subject that is still up for debate. This study was carried out to demonstrate the hearing outcome after a modification of the incus interposition technique, which involved preserving it in the periauricular soft tissue.
Materials and Methods:
In the primary operations, tympanoplasty was performed with a postauricular incision. At the end of the surgery, a small pocket was created to preserve the incus beneath the temporalis fascia. The second stage of ossiculoplasty was performed 6 to 18 months after the primary operation. Post-operative pure tone audiometry was analyzed after at least 12 months and was considered successful after achieving an air-bone gap (ABG) within 20 dB.
Results:
In this paper, we analyzed 199 ears. The mean duration of follow up was 2.5 years. We achieved post-operative ABG within 20 dB in 157 patients (78.9% of patients).
Conclusion:
This study indicates the efficacy and safety of incus interposition when it is preserved in the postauricular soft tissue.- انتشار مقاله: 13-04-1395
- نویسندگان: Mohammad Faramarzi,Sareh Roosta,Mahboobe Dianat
- مشاهده