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کاربرد نوع شرط:
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Geopersia
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: sedimentary environment,Intrinsic Compression line,Strength Sensitivity,Stress Sensitivity
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: This research was performed to determine the efficiency effect of sedimentary environment of Kerman City area on soil structure by
comparing natural and reconstituted consolidation curves. In this regard, four different criteria such as sensitivity strength, stress
sensitivity, Schmertman criteria and the result of the uniaxial compression test were used. The base of these criteria is to compare the
results of natural and undisturbed soil consolidation tests. The position of undrained shear strength of Kerman City soils in Iv-Su space
was located on the left side of the intrinsic strength line and this confirms that the stress sensitivity of soils is less than the unit.
Therefore, the soils in the city subzone are mostly over consolidated, and cementation and chemical bonds have not developed. The
swelling sensitivity of fine grained soils based on Schmertman criteria are often less than 2 or slightly larger than 2.5 indicating that the
soils of Kerman City subzones have underdeveloped swelling sensitivity due to poor cementation.- انتشار مقاله: 13-12-1392
- نویسندگان: Mohammad Reza Aminizadeh Bazanjani,Iman Aghamolaie,Golamreza Lashkaripour,Mohammad Ghafoori
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Archives of Bone and Joint Surgery
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Orthopedic lesionsn,Tethered cord syndrome,Tight filum terminale
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background:
Many of the patients with tethered cord syndrome (TCS) are admitted because of neurological symptoms, while some are admitted because of their orthopedic, urologic, anorectal, and dermatologic manifestations.Consequently, this study aimed to evaluate the importance of early diagnosis and treatment of tethered cord syndrome on patient outcome.
Methods:
Fourty-three patients who underwent surgery because of tethered cord syndrome from 2006 to 2010 were studied. Many of these cases were referred by orthopedic surgeons. All of the findings were recorded and follow up was done twice (1 and 3 years after surgery).
Results:
Thirty-seven patients were less than 7 years old and 6 were between 17 to 33 years old. According to clinical and neurological exams, satisfactory results were achieved in both groups. Those with early surgical intervention, especially in their early follow up assessment, had the best results. Seventeen cases were referred by an orthopedic surgeon because of manifestations such as leg weakness and numbness, leg pain and spasticity, pes cavus, claw toes, and leg or foot length discrepancy. Cerebrospinal fluid leakage occurred in 3 cases after surgery and 1 showed pseudomeningocele formation.
Conclusions:
After one year of follow up, initially the results of the treatment were better in early operated cases, but in later follow up assessment (after 3 years) the results were almost the same in both of the groups.
- انتشار مقاله: 19-11-1392
- نویسندگان: Mohammad Gharedaghi,Fariborz Samini,Hosein Mashhadinejad,Mahdi Khajavi,Mohammad Samini
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Nanomedicine Journal
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Ultrasound,High Intensity Focused Ultrasound,Drug Nanocarriers,External Trigger Release,Ultrasound Safety
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Physical drug delivery through smart nanocarrier and external stimulus could lead to significant improvements of drug potency as well as noticeable decrease in unwanted side effects. Currently, many external energy sources such as light, magnetic fields, ultrasound, ..., are under investigation as external stimulus for physical drug delivery. The purpose of this paper is to review most recent developments of triggered release of drugs and biomolecules under external ultrasound exposure. A special attention has also been paid to the metal nanostructures for ultrasound mediated drug delivery and also, other nanostructures were also considered. We briefly introduced ultrasound regulation and safety consideration. Further it is concluded that the use of nanostructures for delivery of active biomolecules in combination with ultrasound as a stimulus to trigger drug release from the nanocarriers and increased drug penetration has gained much attention for effective drug delivery and overcoming difficulties of multi-drug resistance of cancer.
- انتشار مقاله: 17-12-1396
- نویسندگان: Ali Akbar Karimi Zarchi,Seyed Mohammad Amini,Zohreh Jomehfarsangi,Elham Mohammadi,Zahra Moosavi,Parisa Ghadiri Harrati
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Nanomedicine Journal
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Gold nanoparticles,Curcumin,Green synthesis,Anti-oxidant activity
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Objective(s): Biological applications of gold nanoparticles have limitations because of the toxic chemicals used in their synthesis. Curcumin can be used as reducing as well as capping agent in synthesis of GNPs to eliminate the cytotoxicity. Conjugation of curcumin to gold also helps in increasing its solubility and bioavailability.
Materials and Methods: Here we report synthesis of gold nanoparticles coated with citrate and curcumin and of two different sizes via chemical routes. UV-Vis absorbance spectroscopy, Dynamic Light Scattering and Transmission Electron Microscopy were applied to study the average particle size, size stability of the samples and zeta potential. Fourier transform infrared, Raman Spectroscopy and Fluorescence Spectroscopy were applied for detection of curcumin on the surface of GNPs. The antioxidant activity was evaluated using DPPH assay and Cytotoxicity was evaluated by MTT assay.
Results: Particles were synthesized of 6 and 16 nm size. The average particle size was found to be 21.7 ± 5.7 by TEM. The zeta potential on the surface of Cur-GNPs was negative and larger than 25 mV which is a sign of their high stability. The stability of these particles (with different coatings but with similar sizes) at different time intervals (up to 3 months) and also in different media like cell culture medium, different buffers, glucose and at different pH conditions have been investigated thoroughly. Appearance of functional groups assigned to curcumin in FTIR and SERS spectra are sign of presence of curcumin in the sample. The quenching of the fluorescence in the presence of GNPs reveals the clear indication of the capping and binding of curcumin with GNPs. Cur-GNP1 (16 nm) were found to exhibit highest antioxidant activity than other gold nanoparticles. Cytotoxicity evaluation using MTT assay on L929 cell line proved curcumin coated gold nanoparticles were non-toxic up to 40 ppm.
Conclusion: The results revealed that larger curcumin coated gold nanoparticles were stable and also non-toxic and were found suitable for further in-vitro and in-vivo studies.- انتشار مقاله: 18-12-1395
- نویسندگان: Elnaz Shaabani,Seyed Mohammad Amini,Sharmin Kharrazi,Roksana Tajerian
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Nanomedicine Journal
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Ultrasound,High Intensity Focused Ultrasound,Drug Nanocarriers,External Trigger Release,Ultrasound Safety
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Physical drug delivery through smart nanocarrier and external stimulus could lead to significant improvements of drug potency as well as noticeable decrease in unwanted side effects. Currently, many external energy sources such as light, magnetic fields, ultrasound, ..., are under investigation as external stimulus for physical drug delivery. The purpose of this paper is to review most recent developments of triggered release of drugs and biomolecules under external ultrasound exposure. A special attention has also been paid to the metal nanostructures for ultrasound mediated drug delivery and also, other nanostructures were also considered. We briefly introduced ultrasound regulation and safety consideration. Further it is concluded that the use of nanostructures for delivery of active biomolecules in combination with ultrasound as a stimulus to trigger drug release from the nanocarriers and increased drug penetration has gained much attention for effective drug delivery and overcoming difficulties of multi-drug resistance of cancer.
- انتشار مقاله: 17-12-1396
- نویسندگان: Ali Akbar Karimi Zarchi,Seyed Mohammad Amini,Zohreh Jomehfarsangi,Elham Mohammadi,Zahra Moosavi,Parisa Ghadiri Harrati
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Nanomedicine Journal
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Gold nanoparticles,Curcumin,Green synthesis,Anti-oxidant activity
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Objective(s): Biological applications of gold nanoparticles have limitations because of the toxic chemicals used in their synthesis. Curcumin can be used as reducing as well as capping agent in synthesis of GNPs to eliminate the cytotoxicity. Conjugation of curcumin to gold also helps in increasing its solubility and bioavailability.
Materials and Methods: Here we report synthesis of gold nanoparticles coated with citrate and curcumin and of two different sizes via chemical routes. UV-Vis absorbance spectroscopy, Dynamic Light Scattering and Transmission Electron Microscopy were applied to study the average particle size, size stability of the samples and zeta potential. Fourier transform infrared, Raman Spectroscopy and Fluorescence Spectroscopy were applied for detection of curcumin on the surface of GNPs. The antioxidant activity was evaluated using DPPH assay and Cytotoxicity was evaluated by MTT assay.
Results: Particles were synthesized of 6 and 16 nm size. The average particle size was found to be 21.7 ± 5.7 by TEM. The zeta potential on the surface of Cur-GNPs was negative and larger than 25 mV which is a sign of their high stability. The stability of these particles (with different coatings but with similar sizes) at different time intervals (up to 3 months) and also in different media like cell culture medium, different buffers, glucose and at different pH conditions have been investigated thoroughly. Appearance of functional groups assigned to curcumin in FTIR and SERS spectra are sign of presence of curcumin in the sample. The quenching of the fluorescence in the presence of GNPs reveals the clear indication of the capping and binding of curcumin with GNPs. Cur-GNP1 (16 nm) were found to exhibit highest antioxidant activity than other gold nanoparticles. Cytotoxicity evaluation using MTT assay on L929 cell line proved curcumin coated gold nanoparticles were non-toxic up to 40 ppm.
Conclusion: The results revealed that larger curcumin coated gold nanoparticles were stable and also non-toxic and were found suitable for further in-vitro and in-vivo studies.- انتشار مقاله: 18-12-1395
- نویسندگان: Elnaz Shaabani,Seyed Mohammad Amini,Sharmin Kharrazi,Roksana Tajerian
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Pure Life
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: coping strategies,Methodology,Cyberspace,Anti-Religious Propaganda,Advertise
- چکیده: تبلیغات گسترده ضد دینی در فضای مجازی، حاکی از آن است که دولت ها و رسانه های غربی، گسترش بیداری اسلام و گرایش به اسلام را تاب نمی آورند و با تبلیغات نادرست، میکوشند چهره اسلام را در جهان، تیره و تار نشان دهند. شناخت روش های جدید و گوناگون در این زمینه، به مسلمانان کمک می کند با آشنایی راهبردی تاکتیک های دشمن، محتوای غنی دینی را متناسب با نیاز مخاطب ارائه نماید که عمده ترین تاکتیک های دشمن در این زمینه عبارت است از نمایش زننده برخی اعتقادات غیر دینی به نام دین، پُررنگ نمودن عرفان های کاذب و انحرافی به عنوان گرایشات دینی، تولید ابزارهای جدید و متنوع در عرصه تکنولوژی در راستای اشاعه فحشا و دین گریزی کاربران و به ویژه نوجوانان و سوء استفاده از نقاط ضعف حکومت های اسلامی در استفاده از تکنولوژی های نو در عرصه نظارت و مدیریت.
پژوهشگران در این مقاله تلاش کرده اند با گردآوری آرا و نظرات مختلف صاحب نظران به مطالعه و بررسی راه های متنوع نفوذ دشمن و تبلیغات ضد دینی در فضای مجازی در اذهان کاربران پرداخته و با معرفی این راه ها و ارائه راهکارهای مقابله با تهاجم دشمن- در این زمینه- به واکسینه نمودن مخاطبان فضای مجازی کمک نمایند.- چکیده انگلیسی: Widespread anti-religious propaganda in cyberspace indicates that Western governments and media do not tolerate the spread of Islamic awakening and inclination to Islam, and with false propaganda, they try to portray the face of Islam in the world. Knowing the new and various methods in this field, helps Muslims to provide rich religious content in accordance with the needs of the audience with the strategic familiarity of the enemy's tactics. The main tactics of the enemy in this field are to show some non-religious beliefs. In the name of religion, highlighting false and deviant mysticism as religious tendencies, producing new and diverse tools in the field of technology in order to spread prostitution and apostasy of users, especially teenagers, and exploiting the weaknesses of Islamic governments in using technologies. New in the field of monitoring and management.
In this article, researchers have tried to study the various ways of enemy infiltration and anti-religious propaganda in cyberspace by collecting the opinions and opinions of various experts and by introducing these ways and offering solutions to counter the enemy aggression. This context - to help vaccinate cyberspace audiences.- انتشار مقاله: 26-07-1396
- نویسندگان: Mahdi Amrabadi,Mohammad Ismaeil Abdollahi,Mohammad Karaminia
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Journal of Ornamental Plants
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Linear Model,Leaf length,Leaf width,Non-destructive methods
- چکیده: سطح برگ یک متغیر کلیدی برای مطالعات فیزیولوژیکی است، بنابراین مدلهای دقیـق و سـادهای کـه بتواننـد سـطح بـرگ گیاهان را تعیین کنند در موارد زیادی اهمیت دارند. هدف از این تحقیق تعیین معادلههایی برای تخمین سطح برگ گیاه با استفاده از طول (L)، عرض (W)، وزن تر (FW)، وزن خشک (DW)، طول × طول، عرض × عرض، طول × عرض، طول + عرض، وزن تر × وزن تر و وزن خشک × وزن خشک برگهای گیاه سرخارگل (Echinaceapurpurea L.) به عنوان گیاه زینتی دارویی بود. بدین منظور آزمایشی در شرایط مزرعه برای بررسی رابطه بین ابعاد و وزن برگ با سطح برگ انجام شد. سطح برگ گیاه با استفاده از دستگاه اندازهگیری اتوماتیک و ابعاد برگ با خط کش اندازه گیری شدند. مدل خطی با استفاده از طول × عرض (L×W) به عنوان متغیرهای مستقل [LA = 0.575 (L × W) - 0.934] از دقیقترین تخمین (R2 = 0.874, RMSE = 2.33) یرای تعیین سطح برگ گیاه سرخارگل بدست آمد. تایید مدل رگرسیونی نشان داد که همبستگی دادههای اندازهگیری شده با دادههای تخمینی توسط معادله کاملا قابل قبول بود.
- چکیده انگلیسی: Leaf area information is required in various horticultural and physiological studies and it will be more useful if done via non-destructive methods. The objective of this study was to establish equations to estimate leaf area (LA) using length (L), width (W), fresh weight (FW), dry weight (DW), length × length (L2), width × width (W2), length × width (L×W), length + width (L+W), fresh weight × fresh weight (FW2) and dry weight × dry weight (DW2) of coneflower (Echinacea purpurea L.) leaves as a medicinal and landscape plant. An open field experiment was carried out to study relationship between leaf dimension and weight with leaf area of this plant. Observed leaf area was obtained by an automatic measuring device and leaf dimensions were measured by a ruler. A linear model employing L × W as an independent variables [LA = 0.575 (L × W) - 0.934] resulted in the most accurate estimation (R2 = 0.874, RMSE = 2.33) of coneflower leaf area. Validation of the regression model showed that the correlation between measured and simulated values by using this equation was quite acceptable.
- انتشار مقاله: 17-12-1394
- نویسندگان: Mohammad Hossein Aminifard,Mahdi Khayyat,Hassan Bayat
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Journal of Membrane Science and Research
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: SLM,supported liquid membrane,Carrier,metal ion,Stripping phase,Feed phase
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Using liquid membrane and, in particular, supported liquid membrane (SLM) is a novel method of separation in comparison to other methods such as adsorption, extraction and ion exchange. SLM is a combination of simultaneous extraction and disposal whose high efciency and capability is proven by many studies. So far, many researchers have utilized SLM in various scientifc felds including analytical chemistry, organic and inorganic chemistry, chemical engineering, biotechnology and bio-pharmaceutics. Dynamic transfer, high selectivity, possibility of expensive carrier usage, low energy consumption and low operational costs are part of the advantages attributed to SLM. In the present paper, previous studies and the latest achievements in designing various modules for metal ions separation by SLM are reviewed.
- انتشار مقاله: 23-02-1396
- نویسندگان: Mohammad Amini,Ahmad Rahbar-Kelishami,Mohammad Alipour,Omid Vahidi
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Journal of Language and Translation
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: ELT materials,Language Programs,ELT Material Development
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: The goal of language programs is to utilize language for effective communication. Due to the needs, interests, and motivations of language learners, they may show individual differences in their lan- guage learning. Materials used in language programs can be instructional, experiential, elucidative, or exploratory in that they can inform learners about the language, provide experience of the lan- guage in use, and help learners to make discoveries about the language for themselves. Therefore, material development has been institutionalized in the last decades.
Material development is both a field of study and a practical undertaking. At the theoretical level, the principles of the design, implementation, and evaluation of ELT materials will be emphasized. At the practical level, the production, evaluation, and adaptation of ELT materials, by teachers or mate- rial writers would be taken in to account.
The present study investigated the goals of language teaching programs in some countries, and discussed the contextual factors affecting the processes of ELT material development explicitly. The discussion of the three phases of ELT material development; namely, the organization and analysis, evaluation, and adaptation of materials has been thoroughly elaborated throughout the present study. The ELT profession nowadays has a range of different types of syllabus available from which a choice should be made for a specific situation. Having analyzed the material available, the ELT ma- terial developers should evaluate them both externally and internally to select the most appropriate materials. Finally, materials should be adapted to different learners in different settings following some adaptation principles. To this end, a framework for adaptation has been introduced at the end.- انتشار مقاله: 03-04-1396
- نویسندگان: Jahanbakhsh Nikoopour,Mohammad Amini Farsani
- مشاهده