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کاربرد نوع شرط:
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: International Journal of Pediatrics
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Ibuprofen,Patent Ductus Arteriosus,term neonate
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background
The function of ductus arteriosus closes within a few minutes to a few days after birth in term neonates. In some cases, the duct remains open after birth, a condition which is called patent ductus arteriosus (PDA). PDA is associated with high rates of neonatal mortality and morbidity. The present study aims to evaluate the effect of oral ibuprofen on closure of PDA in term neonates.
Materials and Methods
In this clinical trial, 40 neonates (at the gestational age of 37 weeks and more) aged 5 to 30 days, with confirmed PDA through echocardiography, were randomly divided into two groups (n= 20). One group received ibuprofen syrup (10 mg/kg body weight) in the first 24 hours, followed by 5 mg/kg body weight for the next four days. The other group received placebo in the same manner. On the seventh day after the beginning of intervention, neonates underwent echocardiography for examination of PDA closure. Side effects of ibuprofen were evaluated. Symptoms of kidney failure, such as oliguria, edema, and proteinuria and increased creatinine, as well as gastrointestinal side effects such as gastrointestinal bleeding and recurrent vomiting, were assessed for one month.
Results
According to the results, PDA diameter was not significantly different in ibuprofen compared to the placebo groups before (p>0.05) and after (p>0.05) intervention. Frequency of PDA closure was 13 (65%) in the ibuprofen group and 10 (50%) in the placebo group with no significant difference (p>0.05). There was no significant difference in the mean systolic and diastolic pressure gradient after intervention and in mean changes in pulmonary arterial hypertension between the two groups (p>0.05). No side effects were observed in any of the groups.
Conclusion: Based on the results, oral ibuprofen did not significantly affect PDA closure in term neonates.- انتشار مقاله: 05-11-1398
- نویسندگان: Nabiollah Asadpour,Mohammad Reza Malek-Ahmadi,Afsaneh Malekpour,Najmeh Bagheri
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: International Journal of Pediatrics
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Aromatherapy,Infant,Systematic review,Premature
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background: Few studies assessed the association of weight of premature infant and aromatherapy as a secondary outcome. Aim of study was to evaluate all clinical trials on the association of weight of premature infant and aromatherapy.
Materials and Methods: All clinical trials evaluating the association of weight of premature infant and aromatherapy with the alleviation of pain were searched on the electronic databases of Scopus, EMBASE, Cochrane, Web of Science and Medline (via PubMed) with no language or time restrictions till December 26, 2019. Jadad scale as a valid and reliable tool was applied to assess the quality of included studies.
Results: Finally, five studies with a total of 367 participants were enrolled in this systematic review. In the first study over that time interval, the mean daily weight gains did not differ significantly between the infants in the milk versus water-exposure conditions. In the second study the evaluation of the mean weight of subjects at discharge and the mean weight gained between hospitalization and discharge showed that there were no significant differences between the study and control groups. In third study, the infants' weight did not differ significantly among three groups: vanilla, placebo and rose. In the fourth study, the mean weight of preterm infants at discharge and between hospitalization and discharge showed no significant difference between two groups’ impregnated pad with breast milk and control. In the fifth study, combining milk odor and nonnutritive sucking (NNS) than single NNS were effect in achieving oral feeding and earlier discharge from the hospital.
Conclusion: Aromatherapy with a single oil or a combination of two or more aroma oils, were not effective on weight among high-risk and vulnerable infant, such as preterm infant and very low birth weight, there is a need for more accurate and robust future studies.- انتشار مقاله: 16-10-1398
- نویسندگان: Rana Tafrishi,Sara Ghahremani,Somayeh Moeindarbary,Mohaddese Badpeyma,Omolbanin Heydari,Farzane Ashrafinia,Roozbeh Nasibeh,Masoud Mortezaei,Mohammad Ahmadian
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: International Journal of Pediatrics
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Aromatherapy,Infant,Systematic review,Premature
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background: Few studies assessed the association of weight of premature infant and aromatherapy as a secondary outcome. Aim of study was to evaluate all clinical trials on the association of weight of premature infant and aromatherapy.
Materials and Methods: All clinical trials evaluating the association of weight of premature infant and aromatherapy with the alleviation of pain were searched on the electronic databases of Scopus, EMBASE, Cochrane, Web of Science and Medline (via PubMed) with no language or time restrictions till December 26, 2019. Jadad scale as a valid and reliable tool was applied to assess the quality of included studies.
Results: Finally, five studies with a total of 367 participants were enrolled in this systematic review. In the first study over that time interval, the mean daily weight gains did not differ significantly between the infants in the milk versus water-exposure conditions. In the second study the evaluation of the mean weight of subjects at discharge and the mean weight gained between hospitalization and discharge showed that there were no significant differences between the study and control groups. In third study, the infants' weight did not differ significantly among three groups: vanilla, placebo and rose. In the fourth study, the mean weight of preterm infants at discharge and between hospitalization and discharge showed no significant difference between two groups’ impregnated pad with breast milk and control. In the fifth study, combining milk odor and nonnutritive sucking (NNS) than single NNS were effect in achieving oral feeding and earlier discharge from the hospital.
Conclusion: Aromatherapy with a single oil or a combination of two or more aroma oils, were not effective on weight among high-risk and vulnerable infant, such as preterm infant and very low birth weight, there is a need for more accurate and robust future studies.- انتشار مقاله: 16-10-1398
- نویسندگان: Rana Tafrishi,Sara Ghahremani,Somayeh Moeindarbary,Mohaddese Badpeyma,Omolbanin Heydari,Farzane Ashrafinia,Roozbeh Nasibeh,Masoud Mortezaei,Mohammad Ahmadian
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: International Journal of Travel Medicine and Global Health
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Public health,Health Status,Health Care Costs,Healthcare Systems
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Introduction: There are little attention about health spending and public health outcomes especially in the WHO’s Eastern Mediterranean Region. This paper presents an overview on health spending and public health outcomes in the WHO Eastern Mediterranean countries during 1995-2011.
Methods: This study conducted in 2013 use of health expenditure and public health outcome of 19 WHOs Eastern Mediterranean Region countries during 17 years (1995-2011). Data were including: Per capita health expenditure in current US dollar, Life expectancy at birth, Infant Mortality Rate per 1,000 live births, Under-5 years Mortality Rate per 1,000 live births. Data collected from the latest World Bank published data until 2013. The Descriptive statistics were used to study by using Excel 2007.
Results: In this region, the minimum spending on health (by Pakistan) was about 60 times less than maximum spending (by Qatar). Maximum amount of infant and children mortality rate were respectively 9 and 10 times more than the minimum. Also a decreasing returns to scale of health spending seen between countries. So that countries with better public health status need to pay much more than countries with poor public health status to increase 1 year life expectancy or to save 1 infant or child from premature death.
Conclusion: There is a large inequality among countries of the WHO Eastern Mediterranean region in both health spending and public health outcomes. Due to a decreasing return to scale, allocation financial aids to countries with poor health status can help converging health status in the region and decrease inequalities.- انتشار مقاله: 21-02-1394
- نویسندگان: Ali Mohammad Ahmadi,Abbas Assari-Arani,Mohammad Meskarpour-Amiri
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: International Journal of Engineering, Transactions A: Basics
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Artificial Neural Network,Mechanical properties,Engineered Cementitious Composites Experimental Study,Local Admixtures
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Cement-based composite materials like Engineered Cementitious Composites (ECCs) are applicable in the strengthening of structures because of the high tensile strength and strain. Proper mix proportion, which has the best mechanical properties, is so essential in ECC design material to use in structural components. In this paper, after finding the best mix proportion based on uniaxial tensile strength and strain, the correlation between these parameters were calculated. Since material properties depend on the content ratios, six mixtures with different Fly Ash (FA) content were considered to find the best ECC mixture called Improved ECC (IECC). Also, The influence of local fine aggregates and FA on the tensile behavior of ECC was considered to introduce IECC which has the best tensile properties. To predict the mechanical properties of ECC based on experimental results, Artificial Neural Network (ANN) was used. Training and validation of the proposed model were carried out based on 36 experimental results to find the best results. Numerical analysis is utilized to find the best mix proportion of ECC in structural design. The results show that the effects of FA and fine aggregates are considerable. Also, The proposed ANN model predicts the tensile strength and strain of ECC with different FA ratios accurately. Furthermore, the model can estimate mechanical properties of ECC in previous experimental results.
- انتشار مقاله: 29-04-1398
- نویسندگان: Fariborz Nateghi-A,Mohammad Hossein Ahmadi
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: International Aquatic Research
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Persian Sturgeon,Salinity stress,Hydrocortisone,Daphnia enrichment,Hormonal bathing
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: This study was investigated the effect of corticosteroid hormone treatments (hydrocortisone sodium phosphate) on induced salinity stress in Persian sturgeon (Acipenser persicus) juveniles (2 ± 0.6 g). The experiment was conducted using a 2 × 3 factorial experimental design with 2 hormonal treatment methods (daphnia enrichment and hormonal bathing) and three hormonal concentrations (3, 5, and 7 ppm). After the hormonal treatment, juvenile fish were encountered to salinity stress (7 ppt) for 24 h. Then blood cortisol and glucose levels, hematocrit value and mortality rate were measured. The hematocrit value was significantly (p < /em> < 0.05) higher in fish treated with the enrichment method. However, cortisol and glucose levels and mortality rate were similarly affected by two treatment methods. Increased hormonal concentration significantly lowered the glucose level, while this phenomenon led to a significant increase in the hematocrit value (p < /em> < 0.05). An interaction observed between hormonal treatment method and hormonal concentration for glucose, hematocrit and mortality indices (p < /em> < 0.05). After inducing the stress, the mortality rate was significantly lower (p < /em> < 0.05) in juveniles treated with daphnia enrichment method. Treatment 3 (daphnia enrichment with 7 ppm hormanoal concentration) led to a significantly higher (p < /em> < 0.05) blood cortisol level and hematocrit value after the hormonal treatment and just before the stress. Meanwhile, no mortality was observed in treatment 3. The results showed that treatment 3 was the best treating method for lowering the salinity stress in juveniles.
- انتشار مقاله: 27-08-1399
- نویسندگان: Seyed Mohammad Esmael Fakharzadeh,Mehrdad Farhangi,Bagher Mojazi Amiri,Mohammad Ahmadi,Nastaran Mazloumi
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: International Journal of Advanced Design and Manufacturing Technology
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Impact,fracture,Dynamic Stress Intensity Factor,Pulse Shape
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: In analytical studies, step (Heaviside) function is used to simulate an impact load. However, in real behaviour of materials, loading and unloading take a short time. The present study discusses analytically the effects of pulse shape and rising time of an impact load on dynamic stress intensity factor. Firstly, a pulse load with positive slip (linear and non-linear) is applied on a cracked plate and the amount of dynamic stress intensity factor on the crack tip is obtained. Then the effects of pulse time are discussed. Results show that increasing the rise time decreases the stress intensity factor because of reduction of inertia effects. Moreover, the duration of rise time plays the main role in dynamic stress intensity factor changes and how the variations are not matter.
- انتشار مقاله: 08-12-1398
- نویسندگان: Hossein Rahmani,Mohammad Ahmadi Balootaki
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Inorganic Chemistry Research
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Molybdenum catalyst,Superparamagnetic nanoparticle,Dendrimer,Epoxidation of alkene,Reusable catalyst
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: The new heterogeneous catalyst based on MoO2(acac)2 immobilized on superparamagnetic nanoparticle functionalized with dendrimer was synthesized. The dendrimer with amine and sulfur functional groups offer proper positions for a strong connection between MoO2(acac)2 and support. The synthesized catalyst was characterized by FT-IR spectroscopy, ICP, TGA, SEM, TEM, and XRD. This catalyst showed high activity in the epoxidation of alkene with tert-BuOOH. These reactions displayed the best performance in the present of 1,2-dichloroethan as a solvent and 0.0108 mmol of the catalyst. The use of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) as support facilitates the separation of the catalyst from the reaction media by simple magnetic decantation. Eventually, the catalyst can be recovered and reused without a decrease in its catalytic activity and significant Mo leaching for five times.
- انتشار مقاله: 10-03-1399
- نویسندگان: Mohammad Ahmadi,Mehrnaz Bahadori,Valiollah Mirkhani,Majid Moghadam,Shahram Tangestaninejad,Iraj Mohammadpoor-Baltork
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Interdisciplinary Journal of Virtual Learning in Medical Sciences
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Social Capital,Good governance,Perceived business environment,blended learning infrastructures
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background: Personality traits and the perception of chief background factors, are largely influenced by educational systems. Therefore, the present study believes that a collective understanding of a particular context leads to the creation of a culture that forms the basis of entrepreneurial activities. Objectives: Examining the mediating role of blended learning infrastructures in the relationships between social capital, good governance and the general perception of business environment among the owners of small and medium sized enterprises in Fars province, Iran. Methods: This is an applied research, and in terms of data collection it is a descriptive-correlation analysis of variance based on path analysis. For data gathering, stratified sampling was applied to select 366 samples among 3887 active small and medium-sized enterprises in Fars province. Results: Good governance has a direct effect (P=0.736, sig.<0.001) as well as an indirect effect (P=0.059, sig.<0.001) on the perceived business environment through the blended learning infrastructures. Also, the direct effect of social capital on the perceived business environment (P=0.041, sig.=0.315) was not confirmed, but its indirect effect through blended learning infrastructures was confirmed (P=0.305, sig.=0.03). Conclusions: Before reinforcing the blended learning infrastructures, one needs to initially strengthen the macro political and economic factors, followed by social, cultural and educational factors, in order to improve the perceived business environment and create a positive attitude towards this atmosphere. This is due to the fact that governmental infrastructures are not yet as developed as much as the educational infrastructures for developing entrepreneurship.
- انتشار مقاله: 09-06-1398
- نویسندگان: Khalil Safari,Ali Mohammad Ahmadi Gharacheh,Habibollah Danai
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Current Medical Mycology
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Candida albicans,In vitro,Saccharomyces cerevisiae,Pistacia,Candida glabrata
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background and Purpose: Despite the availability of various treatments for fungal diseases, there are some limitations in the management of these conditions due to multiple treatment-related side-effects. The present study was designed to investigate the antifungal properties of different extracts from Pistacia atlantica Desf. Materials and Methods: Different parts of P. atlantica (i.e., dried fruit, fresh fruit and dried leaf) were separately extracted via percolation method with 80% methanol and water. Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) analysis was performed to determine the main constituents of leaf and fruit extracts from P. atlantica. In vitro anti-Candida activities of the extracts against Candida albicans, Candida glabrata and Saccharomyces cerevisiae were studied. For this purpose, the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and minimum fungicidal concentrations (MFCs) were determined, using broth microdilution method, according to the modified M27-A3 protocol on yeasts, proposed by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI).
Results: Based on GC/MS analysis, the main constituents of P. atlantica fruit extracts were &beta-myrcene (41.4%), &alpha-pinene (32.48%) and limonene (4.66%), respectively, whereas the major constituents of P. atlantica leaf extracts were trans-caryophyllene (15.18%), &alpha-amorphene (8.1%) and neo-allo-ocimene (6.21%), respectively. As the findings indicated, all the constituents exhibited both fungistatic and fungicidal activities, with MICs ranging from 6.66 to 26.66 mg/mL and MFCs ranging from 13.3 to 37.3 mg/mL, respectively. Among the evaluated extracts, the methanolic fresh fruit extract of P. atlantica was significantly more effective than other extracts (p <0.05). Conclusion: Based on the findings of the present study, novel antifungal agents need to be developed, and use of P. atlantica should be promoted in the traditional treatment of Candida infections.- انتشار مقاله: 18-04-1398
- نویسندگان: Mehraban Falahati,Asghar Sepahvand,Hossein Mahmoudvand,Parastoo Baharvand,Siamak Jabbarnia,Aynaz Ghojoghi,Mohammad Yarahmadi
- مشاهده