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- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Interdisciplinary Journal of Virtual Learning in Medical Sciences
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: self-efficacy,Flow,Augmented Reality,Cognitive absorption,Need for cognition,Perceived enjoyment
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background: Teaching and learning are undergoing a dramatic transformation thanks to the technological advances in areas like Augmented Reality (AR). The main purpose of this study was to investigate the factors affecting perceived enjoyment of learning in AR. Methods: This was an applied research in terms of purpose and a descriptive and correlative study in terms of methodology. The statistical population included all undergraduate students at Payam-e Noor University in western areas of Iran during 2019- 2020 academic year (n=24000). A sample of 600 students were selected through randomized multistage cluster sampling based on Cochran’s formula. The participants used an AR application, and then completed an integrated questionnaire, which was a combination of 5 questionnaires (flow, perceived enjoyment, need for cognition, cognitive absorption and self-efficacy). A total of 556 questionnaires were returned. The data were analyzed through path analysis using Amos 22, Lisrel 8.50 and Spss 22. Results: Among the direct effects, self-efficacy had the highest effect on perceived enjoyment (0.28) and need for cognition had the lowest effect on self-efficacy (0.16). On the other hand, cognitive absorption had the highest indirect effect on perceived enjoyment (0.13) and the lowest indirect effects were those of the need for cognition on flow (0.04) and self-efficacy on flow (0.04). The highest total effect was related to the effect of self-efficacy on perceived enjoyment (0.28) and the lowest one was related to the effect of selfefficacy on flow (0.04). Conclusion: The results obtained for the fit indices of the proposed model showed that it had a good fit with the data collected from the respondents (X2 =22.14, P=0.179, CFI=0.99, GFI=0.99, AGFI=0.98 & RMSEA=0.023). Accordingly, this model can provide educators and education leaders with critical information for improving learning outcomes.
- انتشار مقاله: 10-06-1399
- نویسندگان: Maryam Darvishi,Mohammad Hassan Seif,Mohammad Reza Sarmadi,Mehran Farajollahi
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Interdisciplinary Journal of Virtual Learning in Medical Sciences
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Labor Market Conditions,Payame Noor University,Distance University
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background: Education, labor market, and social behaviors of young people are among the key factors in a country's scientific and administrative policy making. The level of public knowledge and the skills of specialists in all sectors of a national economy are the determinants of successful development. This study aims to identify the most crucial labor market conditions affecting students’ enrollment at Payame Noor University (PNU) in Iran. Methods: To fulfil the research objectives, the data were analyzed using a qualitative method (content analysis). At first, the indicators and variables were extracted using Delphi method and document examination, and then these indicators were distributed among 15 professors of higher education, economics, and social sciences to be reviewed and corrected. The required data were collected from the Statistical Center of Iran, Ministry of ‘Cooperatives, Labor and Social Welfare’ and the Center for Statistics at PNU. The Ordinary Least Square regression model (OLS) was used to analyze the data collected from undergraduate students attending the PNU courses between 2001-2014. Results: The OLS results showed that the total labor force (Beta=2.824, P=0.017) and high school workforce population (Beta=0.399, P=0.007) had a positive and significant effect on student enrollment at PNU. The number of industrial workshops (Beta=-0.078, P=0.649) had a negative impact on student enrollment at PNU. Conclusions: The total labor force and high school workforce population had a significant impact on student enrollment at PNU. Therefore, strategic planners in open and distance universities should consider the market conditions in their academic strategies. The policy makers at Payame Noor University should focus their plans on the areas that appeal to all high school graduates. Also, they need to provide training opportunities for the people already working in the industrial sector.
- انتشار مقاله: 06-12-1398
- نویسندگان: Abbas Shayestehfar,Mehran Farajollahi
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Interdisciplinary Journal of Virtual Learning in Medical Sciences
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Evaluation,Distance learning,Open Education,Databases
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background: Humans have always needed to store and retrieve information. In the last decades, one of the most important phenomena in the information industry was the emergence and popularity of machine reader databases, especially online databases. The main purpose of this study was to design and validate a model for databases in open and distance universities. Methods: This research is a descriptive study conducted by survey method. The statistical population of the present study consists of all specialists in the field of studying databases and open and distance educational universities. In a small part, sampling was done by a census method and in a purposeful manner. The responses were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics and by SPSS and Lisrel software. For the purpose of examining the parametric deflections, the Kolmogorov–Smirnov test was used to check the normality of the data. The Levene’s test was used to examine the default of variances and obtain the inferential part of factor analysis. The current research was carried out in 2 qualitative and quantitative phases. In the qualitative phase, some of the distance education scholars and database experts were selected as a purposive sample to analyze the basic parameters obtained in the first phase. In the quantitative phase, sampling was done through census and purposive manner from professors’ at the University of Isfahan (N=211). 22 questionnaires were excluded due to reasons such as non-functional responses, and statisctical analysis was carried out for 189 participants. To measure content validity index (CVI), Waltz and Bausell index was utilized and the instrument under investigation was presented to 8 experts who were engaged in the content validity stage. Results: The results of the research showed that databases in open and distance universities in Iran have high quality and quantity regarding the search and search features and the technical aspects. Conclusion: Based on this research a major issue of concern is to find a framework and model which can be used by executives and managers from distant backgrounds to evaluate the quality of their existing databases.
- انتشار مقاله: 13-12-1397
- نویسندگان: Mostafa Kalani,Mehran Farajollahi,Mohammad Reza Sarmadi,Tayebeh Safaeei
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Interdisciplinary Journal of Virtual Learning in Medical Sciences
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Open and Distance Education,Social Factors,PNU
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background: Higher education has a great influence on the growth and development of societies. Several social factors depend on public demand for higher education. Objectives: The purpose of this research is to identify the most important social factors affecting the registration of students at Payam-e-Noor University (PNU). Methods: Two methods were used in order to achieve the research goal. In the first part, an analytical documentary method was used to extract the indicators. In the second part, the least squares regression model, was used for data Undergraduate students were studied at PNU in 2001 - 2014. Results: The results of the research showed that the total population of the country (0.146; P = 0.048) and the high education budget (0.294, P = 0.075) had a positive and significant effect on enrollment at PNU. Total state budget (-0.016, P = 0.582) and the number of secondary school students (-4.241, P = 0.329) had a negative impact on student entrance to PNU. Conclusions: Total state population and higher education budget had a considerable impact on the student population in PNU.
- انتشار مقاله: 26-09-1397
- نویسندگان: Abbas Shayestehfar,Mehran Farajollahi,Bahman Saiedipour
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Interdisciplinary Journal of Virtual Learning in Medical Sciences
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: economic factors,Open and Distance Education,Payam-E-Noor University
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Context The demand for higher education is one of the main issues, which should be considered by managers and planners considering the reduced academic population. Currently, distance education institutions are among the most important centers of higher education according to their special mission. The main objective of this study was to identify the determinant economic factors in students’ enrollment in open and distance universities. Methods This study utilized the documentary - analytical method, time series, and ordinary least square regression model. In this study, the sample size consisted of 500 Payam-E-Noor University (PNU) centers. The sample included the number of applicants of BA of the academic years 2001 to 2014 in PNU and the reliability of independent variables was confirmed using the Dickey Fuller Test. Effective variables for distance education were first derived using the Delphi method. In the Delphi method, the indices and variables were first extracted by examining the documents, distributed to 15 professors of higher education, economic sciences, and social sciences, and finally, the indicators were approved. Results This study showed that the earning per master’s degree was 0.144 (P = 0.043); student scholarship and loan (0.583, P = 0.035) were significantly higher and had positive effects on the numbers of PNU applicants compared to other variables. Diploma degree income (-0.083, P = 0.038) and gross domestic production (-22.10, P = 0.092) had significantly higher and negative effects on students’ entrance to PNU. Conclusions Expecting future income and students’ scholarships and loans had a determinant impact on the entry of students in PNU. Therefore, educational planners in this university should pay attention to these points.
- انتشار مقاله: 11-10-1348
- نویسندگان: Mehran Farajollahi,Abbas Shayestehfar,Bahman Saeidipour,Saeed Taleebi
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Interdisciplinary Journal of Virtual Learning in Medical Sciences
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: feedback,Interaction,satisfaction,Effective Distance Education,Flexibility
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background: Satisfaction is one of the most common indicators of effective learning and many factors, such as interaction, flexibility, and feedback, are involved in the development of satisfaction. Thus, goals of this research was to determine electronic education student’s perception towards effective distance education components and contribution of these components in explaining satisfaction of distance education. Methods: The current research used a survey method. The statistical population consisted of all electronic education graduate students (3915) of universities of Tehran, who took part in distance education in the academic year of 2014 to 2015. Overall, 390 students were selected by the random classified sampling method. For gathering data, 2 instruments were used. One for measuring effective distance education components and another for measuring satisfaction of electronic education. The first scale included 24 items with 3 dimensions, including interaction, flexibility and feedback, and the other scale included 20 items with one dimension, being satisfaction. Data were analyzed through the SPSS software, version 21, and statistical methods were used, such as variance analysis, one sample t - test, and multivariate regression analysis. Validity and reliability of both scales were confirmed through content, convergent validity, and reliability (Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.77 for effective distance education scale and Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.85 for electronic education satisfaction scale). Results: The mean satisfaction of electronic education of female students (M = 14.44, p ≤ 0/001) was significantly higher than that of male students (M = 11.84 p ≤ 0/001) in all academic groups, including humanities, technical, and basic sciences. Also, data analyses showed that 46% of satisfaction variance could be explained by combination of interaction, flexibility, feedback, gender, and academic groups. Among them, flexibility contribution (Beta = 0.590, P ≤ 0/001) was more than interaction (B = 0.547, P ≤ 0.001) and feedback (B = 0.369, P ≤ 0.001). Conclusions: The research statistical model suggested that interaction, flexibility, feedback, and gender are positive explanations of satisfaction. Also, the research goal was approved, which means that designing effective distance education by proposed agents could lead to greater satisfaction of electronic education students.
- انتشار مقاله: 11-10-1348
- نویسندگان: Masood Baratian,Mehran Farajollahi,Mohammad Reza Sarmadi,Seyed Mehdi Mosakazemi
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Interdisciplinary Journal of Virtual Learning in Medical Sciences
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی:
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Introduction : It is important to prepare a scale for the pedagogical evaluation of distance education, in order to obtain more accurate information in this field. Based on the importance of this issue, the present study aims to prepare pedagogical evaluation scale of synchronous technologies in distance education and determine its psychometric properties. Methods : The research utilized a descriptive-survey method. The statistical population consisted of all virtual students (3915 virtual students) from all universities in Tehran who were undergoing distance education in the 2015 - 2016 academic year. A number of 390 graduate students were chosen by random cluster sampling method. For data collection, a self-made scale was utilized. Data were analyzed through SPSS software, version 21. Construct validity, convergent validity, test retest reliability, and internal reliability of this scale were calculated by the exploratory factor analysis model, Pearson moment correlation coefficient, and Cronbach’s alpha coefficient. Reliability coefficient of the scale was calculated with Cronbach’s alpha method for the total scales and its subscales which was variable from 0.73 to 0.90. Results : After determining the face and content validities, the number of items in Pedagogical evaluation scale were reduced from 55 to 39 items. Construct validity of the scale was calculated by utilizing exploratory factor analysis model by principal component analysis method and varimax rotation, finally, 30 items and seven factors were extracted from it. The maximum overall variance (48.21%) was explained by the first 7 factors and the rest (51.79%) was explained by the other 23 factors. The result of exploratory factor analysis in this scale identified seven factors, including telepresence, interaction, flexibility, motivation, assessment, feedback, and perceived learning. Conclusions : The results of psychometric properties of the pedagogical evaluation scale of synchronous technologies in distance education suggested that the aforementioned scale is a reliable and valid instrument for pedagogical evaluation of synchronous technologies in distance education. Therefore, this scale can has important usage in the instructional design for distance learners’ learning.
- انتشار مقاله: 11-10-1348
- نویسندگان: Mehran Farajollahi,Mohammad Reza Sarmadi,Seyed Mehdi Mosakazemi,Masood Baratian,Mehdi Badali,Javad Hatami,Hashem Fardanesh,Omid Noroozi
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Interdisciplinary Journal of Virtual Learning in Medical Sciences
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Psychometric properties,Distance education,Pedagogy,Evaluation Scale,Synchronous Technologies
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Introduction: It is important to prepare a scale for the pedagogical evaluation of distance education, in order to obtain more accurate information in this field. Based on the importance of this issue, the present study aims to prepare pedagogical evaluation scale of synchronous technologies in distance education and determine its psychometric properties. Methods: The research utilized a descriptive – survey method. The statistical population consisted of all virtual students (3915 virtual students) from all universities in Tehran who were undergoing distance education in the 2015-2016 academic year. A number of 390 graduate students were chosen by random cluster sampling method. For data collection, a self-made scale was utilized. Data were analyzed through SPSS software, version 21. Construct validity, convergent validity, test retest reliability, and internal reliability of this scale were calculated by the exploratory factor analysis model, Pearson Moment Correlation Coefficient, and Cronbach's alpha coefficient. Reliability coefficient of the scale was calculated with Cronbach's alpha method for the total scales and its subscales which was variable from 0.73 to 0.90. Results: After determining the face and content validities, the number of items in Pedagogical evaluation scale were reduced from 55 to 39 items. Construct validity of the scale was calculated by utilizing exploratory factor analysis model by principal component analysis method and varimax rotation, finally, 30 items and seven factors were extracted from it. The maximum overall variance (48.21%) was explained by the first 7 factors and the rest (51.79%) was explained by the other 23 factors. The result of exploratory factor analysis in this scale identified seven factors, including telepresence, interaction, flexibility, motivation, assessment, feedback, and perceived learning. Conclusions: The results of psychometric properties of the pedagogical evaluation scale of synchronous technologies in distance education suggested that the aforementioned scale is a reliable and valid instrument for pedagogical evaluation of synchronous technologies in distance education. Therefore, this scale can has important usage in the instructional design for distance learners’ learning.
- انتشار مقاله: 11-10-1398
- نویسندگان: Masood Baratian,Mehran Farajollahi,Mohammad Reza Sarmadi,Seyed Mehdi Mosakazemi
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Interdisciplinary Journal of Virtual Learning in Medical Sciences
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Factor analysis,Technology,Distance education,Economic Development
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background : In this is age of technology distance education serves individuals by enhancing their knowledge, attitude, skills, and behavior; it can also be a significant driver of economic development. The purpose of this research was to examine the role of distance education in economic development in Payame Noor University (PNU). Methods : From a total population of 1238 PNU students, a sample set of 184 was made randomly using Cochran’s formula. Data were collected using a 33-item distance education questionnaire and a 23-item economic development scale, both of which were developed by the researchers. Chronbach’s alpha determinations were 0.857 and 0.825 for these 2 instruments respectively. Data were analyzed using the Pearson correlation in SPSS structural equation modeling in LISREL. Results : Results showed a significant positive correlation (0.438) between distance education and economic development. Distance education was also significantly correlated with average (0.218) and high (0.441) economic development. Goodness of fit indices showed that the model was a good fit to the data (χ 2/df = 0.764; RMSEA = 0.002; GFI = 0.97; AGFI = 0.93). Conclusions : Based on the present findings, optimal and culturally adjusted ICT application in education can increase efficiency in many important measures of economic development such as effectiveness, productivity and capital deepening.
- انتشار مقاله: 11-10-1348
- نویسندگان: Mohammad Ali Javadi Bura,Mehran Farajollahi,Mehran Farajollahi,Hossein Najafi,Publisher On Behalf Of EIC,Narges Saedi,Abbas Taghizade,Javad Hatami
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Interdisciplinary Journal of Virtual Learning in Medical Sciences
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: attitude,Knowledge,Practice,HbA1c,Diabetes mellitus type 2
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Introduction: Technological progress and its impact on the social context are so vast that their healthcare field has been affected by these changes. So, research and development in the field of mobile technologies and techniques for data transfer and the adoption and implementation of health education in this way seems indispensable.Methods: This study was a randomized controlled trial. A total of 81 type II diabetes patients were randomly assigned into two groups: the experimental Group (n= 43) and control group (n= 38). Educational Short Message Service (SMS) was sent to the cellphones of the members of the experimental group. Data were collected through valid questionnaires (α= 0.75), the laboratory sheet reporting the patients’ KAP and HbA1C before and after the education via mobile phone and the demographic characteristic list. . Data gathering was run at the baseline of the study and after three months intervention and by SPSS17 and Lisrel software, using chi- square, Factor Analysis and ANCOVA, and the significance level of 0.05.Results: The results of this study showed that the experimental group compared with the control group improved significantly in knowledge (p≤ 0.001), practice (p≤ 0.001) and HbA1C (p≤ 0.001) Also, the fitness indicators exhibited a proper fit.Conclusion: The findings of this investigation showed that intervention using SMS via cellphone was effective in the management of type II diabetes mellitus (DM). Mobile health, with high potential in improving health, lifestyle, and perhaps more research in the field of e-Health applications could be taken into consideration as policymakers and health care providers to use electronic management in health system.
- انتشار مقاله: 11-10-1398
- نویسندگان: Mandana Goodarzi,Mohammad Ali Javadi Bora,Mehran Farajollahi
- مشاهده