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کاربرد نوع شرط:
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Iranian Journal of Medical Physics
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Melanoma,Monte Carlo method,Absorbed dose,Proton therapy
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Introduction
Proton therapy is used to treat malignant tumors such as melanoma inside the eye. Proton particles are adjusted according to various parameters such as tumor size and position and patient’s distance from the proton source.
The purpose of this study was to assess absorbed doses in eyes and various tumors found in the area of sclera and choroid and the adjacent tissues in radiotherapy while changing most important proton therapy parameters such as moderators thickness (1.5-1.9 cm), exposure radius (0.5-0.8 cm), and proton energy beam (53.5-65 MeV).
Materials and Methods
A proton therapy system of Laboratori Nazionali del Sud-INFNwas simulated by Monte Carlo method. Moreover, the eye and its components were simulated using concentric spheres. To obtain a more accurate results, real density of eye components such as cornea and lens, were applied for simulation. Then, the absorbed dose of eye and eye tumor, in choroid and sclera areas, were calculated by Monte Carlo method.
Results
The absorbed dose in tumoral region of eye was calculated to be about 12.5 ±0.006Gy in one day with energy 62 MeV for a therapy session, which is suitable for treatment. However, normal eye cells received at most 11.01 Gy which is high.
Conclusion
The amount of absorbed dose in tumoral cells is noticeable. Therefore, accurate treatment planning, patient immobility and fine calibration of proton-therapy system and its simulator are very important to reduce the absorbed dose of healthy cells.- انتشار مقاله: 04-09-1391
- نویسندگان: Marzieh Tavakol,Alireza Karimian,Sayyed Mojtaba Mostajab Aldaavati
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Iranian Journal of Immunology
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Hereditary Angioedema,C1 Inhibitor,Complement System
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background: Hereditary angioedema (HAE) is a rare autosomal dominant primary immunodeficiency with complement system defect characterized by recurrent episodes of angioedema involving the skin or mucosa of the upper respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts.
Objective: To characterize the clinical and laboratory data of hereditary angioedema in Iran.
Methods: Patients with probable diagnosis of angioedema were enrolled in this study. Demographic and clinical data were documented in the designed questionnaire including history of attacks, triggering factors and laboratory data such as C4, C1 esterase inhibitor level and function.
Results: Among 63 patients who were clinically suspicious for angioedema (23 males and 40 females), 8 cases (12.7%) were diagnosed with HAE. Among these 8 HAE patients, 3 were diagnosed with HAE type 1 and five patients were diagnosed with HAE type 2. The mean ages of HAE type 1 and type 2 patients were 25.6 ± 13.5 and 22.4 ± 12.32 years. The mean age of onset in HAE type 1 group was 8 ± 5 years and in HAE type 2 group was 18.8 ± 11.84 years. The mean diagnosis delay was 17.6 years in HAE type 1 patients and 2.6 years in HAE type 2. The most common clinical manifestation was facial swelling presented in all HAE patients followed by swelling of extremities which was present in 7 patients with HAE.
Conclusion: The clinical criteria of the Iranian patients with HAE were consistent with the known clinical patterns of the disease.- انتشار مقاله: 14-05-1395
- نویسندگان: Shervin Shahinpour,Marzieh Tavakol,Hassan Abolhass Ani,Payam Mohammadinejad,Masoud Movahedi,Saba Arshi,Asghar Aghamohammadi
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Immunology and Genetics Journal
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Chronic Granulomatous Disease,Primary immunodeficiency,nitroblue tetrazolium
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) is a relatively rare inborn error of immune system caused by defects in the phagocyte nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase complex which leads to impaired production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and ineffective phagocyte function. Genetic defects of any of proteinaceous components of NADPH oxidase complex results in CGD. The most common type of CGD (65-70%) is caused by X-linked mutations in the CYBB gene encoding gp91phox, followed by autosomal recessive mutations in the NCF1, NCF2, CYBA and NCF4 genes encoding p47phox, p67phox, p22phox, and p40phox, respectively. Dihydrorhodamine (DHR) 123 oxidation and nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) tests are both used for the diagnosis of CGD that should be confirmed by genetic testing. CGD patients generally present with recurrent infections caused by uncommon pathogens like aspergillus, staphylococcus aureus, burkholderia cepacia, serratia marcescens, Aspergillus species and nocardia. They manifest with deep seated abscess formation, genitourinary and gastrointestinal granuloma development, autoimmunity and malignancy. Apart from comprehensive treatment of acute infections, management of CGD is based on reducing bacterial and fungal infections in addition to minimizing the inflammatory symptoms. Antibiotics, anti-fungal and IFN-γ are used for prophylaxis. Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation from a human leucocyte antigen identical donor is currently the only proven curative treatment for CGD. Gene therapy is considered an alternative, novel therapeutic approach in near future.
- انتشار مقاله: 23-04-1399
- نویسندگان: Farimah Fayyaz,Kiavash Khashayar,Matineh Nirouei,Zahra Tavakol,Forough Askarimoghaddam,Marzieh Tavakol
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Immunology and Genetics Journal
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Diarrhea,Common variable immunodeficiency,Gastrointestinal manifestations,Primary immunodeficiency disorder
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background: Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) is one of the most prevalent symptomatic primary immunodeficiencies (PIDs), which manifest a wide clinical variability such as gastrointestinal (GI) disorder.
Patients and Methods: A total of 240 patients with CVID were enrolled in this study. The patients were evaluated for demographic data, clinical manifestations, and immunologic profile.
Results: In demographic data, the frequency of consanguinity and mortality rate were higher in patients with GI manifestation than those without GI manifestation. History of GI manifestations was evident in 147 patients (61.3%). The most common GI manifestation in patients with CVID was chronic diarrhea (29.6%). The prevalence of GI disease was 59 of 102 (57.8%) in female patients and 88 of 138 (63.8%) in male patients. The frequency of recurrent infection was higher in patients with GI manifestation than in those without GI manifestation. Also, CVID patients with GI manifestations had lower WBC and CD4+ T cells than patients without GI manifestations.
Conclusion: CVID patients are at increased risk of infectious conditions in the GI tract; hence GI manifestations are one of the most important presentations in CVID patients which can appear as a first manifestation or appear during the course of disease.- انتشار مقاله: 27-07-1398
- نویسندگان: Kawthar Jasim Mohammad Rida Al-Hussieni,Seyed Erfan Rasouli,Gholamreza Azizi,Mehdi Mosavian,Rahman Matani,Kumars Porrostami,Mostafa Qorbani,Marzieh Tavakol
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Immunology and Genetics Journal
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: STAT3,Hyper IgE syndromes,DOCK8
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Hyper IgE syndromes are groups of primary immunodeficiency diseases which present with a series of symptoms including recurrent infections accompanied by elevated serum IgE level and some atopic features. Both autosomal dominant and recessive mutations may cause hyper IgE syndrome. The autosomal dominant forms are mutations in signal transducer and activator of transcription3 (STAT3), ERBB2 and CARD11. The recessive forms are mutations in dedicator of cytokinesis8 (DOCK8) , phosphoglucomutase3 (PGM3) , thyrosin kinase2 (TYK2) and interleukin-6 ST. There are some features that help distinguish among different types of hyper IgE syndrome. In autosomal dominant form, connective tissue, skeletal and vascular abnormalities are prominent. In autosomal recessive form, viral infections, malignancies and neurological disorders are more prominent. The definite diagnosis is made by mutation analysis.
- انتشار مقاله: 28-04-1398
- نویسندگان: Marzieh Tavakol,Samin Sharafian,Fereshteh Salari,Sima Shokri
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Immunology and Genetics Journal
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Gastrointestinal,Diarrhea,Agammaglobulinemia,Vomiting,Gastroenteritis
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background: The most common symptoms of agammaglobulinemia are recurrent respiratory and gastrointestinal problems. The purpose of this study was to define the prevalence and type of gastrointestinal (GI) manifestations in patients with agammaglobulinemia.
Methods: A total of 147 patients with agammaglobulinemia were entered into this study. For each patient clinical, immunological and laboratory data were documented.
Results: The GI manifestations as the first presentation of the immunodeficiency diseases were reported in 14.5% of patients mostly due to chronic and recurrent diarrhea. History of GI manifestations was evident in 67 patients (45.6%). Recurrent, chronic or bloody diarrhea (36.1%), vomiting (10.2%), and gastroenteritis (6.1%) were the most common GI manifestations in patients with agammaglobulinemia, respectively.
Conclusion: The bowel is exposed to multiple antigens including gut microbiota and pathogens from the environment. Mucosal antibodies play a major role in protection and homeostasis; hence, decreasing level of IgA can provide the opportunity for infectious diarrhea and more pathogen to attack.- انتشار مقاله: 28-04-1398
- نویسندگان: Kawthar Jasim Mohammad Rida Al-Hussieni,Erfan Rasouli,Gholamreza Azizi,Mehdi Mosavian,Rahman Matani,Marzieh Tavakol
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Immunology and Genetics Journal
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Consensus,management,Symptoms,guideline,Primary immunodeficiency
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Primary immunodeficiency (PID) is a group of more than 400 distinct genetic disorders affecting both children and adults. As signs and symptoms of PID are usually heterogeneous and unspecific, based on the available human resources and laboratory facilities, diagnosis and follow-up of these patients can be challenging. In line with this notion, management and treatment of PID are practiced divergently in different PID centers. In order to reach a distinct national protocol and given the little evidence on appropriate or universal guidelines to improve the current status of management of the disease, the Iranian PID network designed a consensus suitable for regional resources. This review summarizes this PID guideline based on the importance of different clinical complications and the level of medical authority visiting those at the first line. Further, for each complication, appropriate interventions are mentioned to improve the approach.
- انتشار مقاله: 29-10-1397
- نویسندگان: Hassan Abolhassani,Marzieh Tavakol,Zahra Chavoshzadeh,Seyed Alireza Mahdaviani,Tooba Momen,Reza Yazdani,Gholamreza Azizi,Masoud Movahedi,Amir Ali Hamidieh,Nasrin Behniafard,Mohammamd Nabavi,Saba Arshi,Mohammad Hassan Bemanian,Morteza Fallahpour,Sima Shokri,Rasol Molatefi,Roya Sherkat,Afshin Shirkani,Reza Amin,Soheila Aleyasin,Reza Faridhosseini,Farahzad Jabbari-Azad,Iraj Mohammadzadeh,Javad Ghaffari,Alireza Shafiei,Arash Kalantari,Mahboubeh Mansouri,Mehrnaz Mesdaghi,Delara Babaie,Hamid Ahanchian,Maryam Khoshkhui,Habib Soheili,Mohammad Hossein Eslamian,Taher Cheraghi,Abbas Dabbaghzadeh,Mahmoud Tavassoli,Rasoul Nasiri Kalmarzi,Seyed Hamidreza Mortazavi,Sara Kashef,Hossein Esmaeilzadeh,Javad Tafaroji,Abbas Khalili,Fariborz Zandieh,Mahnaz Sadeghi-Shabestari,Sepideh Darougar,Fatemeh Behmanesh,Hedayat Akbari,Mohammadreza Zandkarimi,Farhad Abolnezhadian,Abbas Fayezi,Mojgan Moghtaderi,Akefeh Ahmadiafshar,Behzad Shakerian,Vahid Sajedi,Behrang Taghvaei,Mojgan Safari,Marzieh Heidarzadeh,Babak Ghalehbaghi,Seyed Mohammad Fathi,Behzad Darabi,Saeed Bazregari,Nasrin Bazargan,Alireza Khayatzadeh,Naser Javahertrash,Bahram Bashardoust,Mohammadali Zamani,Azam Mohsenzadeh,Sarehsadat Ebrahimi,Samin Sharafian,Ahmad Vosughimotlagh,Mitra Tafakoridelbari,Maziar Rahimi,Parisa Ashournia,Anahita Razaghian,Fatemeh Aghaeimeybodi,Setareh Mamishi,Nima Parvaneh,Nima Rezaei,Asghar Aghamohammadi
- مشاهده