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کاربرد نوع شرط:
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Pistachio and Health Journal
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: diabetes,pistachios,High-Sugar Diet,Protein Hydrolysates
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی:
- انتشار مقاله: 19-07-1399
- نویسندگان: Maryam Mohamadi,Afsaneh Mirzahosseini-pourranjbar,Zahra Bagheri-Hosseinabadi,Ali Dini,Maryam Amiri,Ali Shojaei,Mehdi Mahmoodi,Mahdieh Azin,Sakineh Khanamani Falahati-pour,Soudeh Khanamani Falahati-pour
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Journal of Foreign Language Teaching and Translation Studies
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Contemporary View of Metaphor,Classical View of Metaphor,The Kite Runner,To Kill a Mocking Bird
- چکیده: هدف این مطالعه، مقایسه ی استفاده ی استعاره های مفهومی در رمان های انگلیسی نوشته شده توسط نویسندگان بومی و غیربومی زبان انگلیسی بوده است. بدین سان، ۲ رمان کشتن مرغ مینا، نوشته ی هارپر لی نویسنده ی بومی زبان انگلیسی و بادبادک باز، نوشته ی خالد حسینی نویسنده ی غیربومی زبان انگلیسی، انتخاب شدند. در راستای یافتن نمونه های استعاره های مفهومی استفاده شده در هر کتاب، حدود 10 درصد صفحات هر کتاب به صورت تصادفی انتخاب شدند و بر اساس چارچوب ارائه شده توسط لیکاف و جانسون (۱۹۸۰)، خط به خط بررسی شدند. در گام بعد، به منظور یافتن تعداد و انواع استعاره های استفاده شده در هر کتاب، استعاره ها بر اساس مفهومشان دسته بندی و شمارش شدند. سپس، فراوانی انواع مختلف استعاره های مفهومی در هر کتاب محاسبه و جدول بندی شد و با استفاده از آزمون خی 2، تفاوت های احتمالی بین استفاده ی 2 نویسنده از انواع مختلف استعاره مشخص شدند. یافته ها حاکی از آن بود که در هر ۲ کتاب، تفاوت های قابل توجهی میان ۵ نوع استعاره ی مفهومی مشخص شده، یعنی استعاره های ساختی، هستی شناختی، جهتی، مجاز و انسان نگاری، وجود داشت. علاوه بر این، در هر ۲ کتاب، استعاره های هستی شناختی بیشترین فراوانی استفاده را داشتند و انسان نگاری دارای کم ترین فراوانی بود. همچنین، تفاوت آماری قابل توجهی میان استفاده ی این ۲ نویسنده از انواع مختلف استعاره وجود نداشت. یافته های این مطالعه برای آموزش و تعلیم فراگیران زبان انگیسی مفید هستند و به آموزگاران، تدوینگران برنامه های درسی و زبان آموزان سود می رسانند.
- چکیده انگلیسی: The goal of this study was to compare the use of conceptual metaphors in English novels written by native and nonnative writers of English. Therefore, two novels were selected: To Kill a Mocking Bird by Harper Lee, a native English writer, and The Kite Runner by Khaled Hosseini, a nonnative English writer. To find the instances of conceptual metaphors in each book, approximately 10% of the pages of each novel was randomly selected and examined line by line based on the framework introduced by Lakoff and Johnson (1980). In the next step, to find the number and type of metaphors used in each book, the identified metaphors were categorized under their underlying concepts and counted. Then, the frequencies of different types of metaphors in each book were tallied and tabulated, and with the use of a chi-square test, the possible differences among the 2 writers’ use of different types of metaphors were found. Results indicated that, in both novels, there were significant differences among the 5 types of metaphors that were identified, namely structural metaphors, ontological metaphors, orientational metaphors, metonymy, and personification. Findings revealed that, in both books, ontological metaphors were the most frequently used type and personification was the least frequently used one. Also, no statistically significant difference was seen between the two writers’ use of the different types of metaphors. Findings are claimed to bear some implications for L2 pedagogy, benefiting teachers, syllabus designers, writers, and L2 learners.
- انتشار مقاله: 05-11-1398
- نویسندگان: Maryam Amiri,Mahmood Hashemian,Azizullah Mirzaei
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Iranian Journal of Medical Physics
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Ionizing radiation,BALB/c mice,Interleukin-4,IFN-gamma,TGF-beta
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Introduction: The effects of the low dose of ionizing radiation are not thoroughly evident due to an unavoidable increase of occupational exposure and the widespread application of ionizing radiation in medical and industrial fields. The aim of this study was to investigate immune system responses following the low doses of ionizing radiation.
Material and Methods: BALB/c mice were exposed to Whole Body Irradiation of 20, 50, and 100 mGy through a 60Co source. Lymphocytes extraction were operated 24 h after irradiation. Afterwards, gene expression analysis was performed with relative quantitative Real-Time polymerase chain reaction to IL-4, IFN-γ, and TGF-β expression levels. Moreover, IFN-γ/IL-4 ratio was computed, and the independent sample t-test was performed for the statistical analysis.
Results: Whereas IL-4, IFN-γ, and TGF-β expression levels decrease after the radiation of the low doses of gamma rays, the IFN-γ/IL-4 ratio increased significantly after irradiation of 20 mGy (P-Value<0.05). However, this ratio did not vary following the gamma irradiation of 50 and 100 mGy.
Conclusion: The positive effects of the low dose of ionizing radiation can be observed through significant alterations in gene expression and the activation of protection mechanisms. This process was caused by the modulation of cellular immune responses after the exposure to 20 mGy. Although the irradiation of higher doses (50 and 100 mGy) induced alterations in the IFN- γ/IL-4 ratio was insignificant. These findings did not confirm the linear no-threshold model theory, and demonstrated that the low dose of ionizing radiation could be the cause of the hormesis phenomenon.- انتشار مقاله: 19-07-1397
- نویسندگان: Mohammad Taghi Bahreyni Toossi,Maryam Najafi Amiri,Mojtaba Sankian,Hosein Azimian,Sepide Abdollahi Dehkordi,SARA KHADEMI
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Cytotoxicity,Neoplasms,Bile
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: The aim of this study was to examine the effect of crude bile on the human HepG2 and CCRF-CEM cell lines. Cells were exposed to different dilutions of bile. Antiproliferative effects were determined by the cytotoxic MTT assay. Cells undergoing apoptosis were identified by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay. Bile administration resulted in dose-dependent cytotoxicity in both HepG2 and CCRF-CEM cell lines. Incubated cells exhibited morphologic features of apoptosis. Bile has significant cytotoxic activity in HepG2 and CCRF-CEM cancer cells via induction of apoptosis. The mechanism of apoptosis needs to be further evaluated. It may have clinical utility in the treatment of cancer after in vivo confirmation of activity.
- انتشار مقاله: 13-09-1392
- نویسندگان: Negar Azarpira,Fatemeh Rastegar,Maryam Amiri,Elaheh Esfandiari,Bita Geramizadeh
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Gene expression,Ionizing radiation,Low dose,Phytohemagglutinin,Radiation Dose
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Objective(s): Nowadays, ionizing radiation (IR) has a significant contribution to the diagnostic and therapeutic medicine, and following that, health risks to individuals through unexpected exposure is greatly increased. Therefore, biological and molecular technology for estimation of dose (biodosimetry) is taken into consideration. In biodosimetry methods stimulation of cells to proliferation is routine to achieve more sensitivity of techniques. However, this concept has recently been challenged by new molecular methods such as gene expression analysis. This study aims to investigate the stimulation effects on gene expression biodosimetry.
Materials and Methods: The blood samples were taken from15 patients who were irradiated by TC-99 MIBI, before radiopharmaceutical injection and 24 hr after injection. Lymphocytes were extracted immediately and activated by (phytohemagglutinin) PHA for 24 hr and XPA and FDXR expression levels were investigated by employing relative quantitative Real-Time PCR.
Results: The results of this study show a significant increase in the FDXR expression level and a significant decrease in the XPA after stimulation of irradiated lymphocytes. Interestingly, a significant increasing trend in the FDXR expression level (at 0.05 significance level) following cell stimulation to the division was observed.
Conclusion: Our results suggest that the PHA activation role in gene expression-based biodosimetry is strongly depended on the target genes and the relevant protein pathways. Finally, cell stimulation looks to be useful for some specific genes, such as FDXR, due to the increasing trend in expression and improvement of sensitivity of gene expression-based biodosimetry method.- انتشار مقاله: 12-05-1398
- نویسندگان: Habibeh Vosoughi,Hosein Azimian,Sara Khademi,Abdul-Rahim Rezaei,Maryam Najafi Amiri,Fereshteh Vaziri-nezamdoost,Mohammad-taghi Bahreyni-Toossi
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Gene expression,Ionizing radiation,Low dose,Phytohemagglutinin,Radiation Dose
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Objective(s): Nowadays, ionizing radiation (IR) has a significant contribution to the diagnostic and therapeutic medicine, and following that, health risks to individuals through unexpected exposure is greatly increased. Therefore, biological and molecular technology for estimation of dose (biodosimetry) is taken into consideration. In biodosimetry methods stimulation of cells to proliferation is routine to achieve more sensitivity of techniques. However, this concept has recently been challenged by new molecular methods such as gene expression analysis. This study aims to investigate the stimulation effects on gene expression biodosimetry.
Materials and Methods: The blood samples were taken from15 patients who were irradiated by TC-99 MIBI, before radiopharmaceutical injection and 24 hr after injection. Lymphocytes were extracted immediately and activated by (phytohemagglutinin) PHA for 24 hr and XPA and FDXR expression levels were investigated by employing relative quantitative Real-Time PCR.
Results: The results of this study show a significant increase in the FDXR expression level and a significant decrease in the XPA after stimulation of irradiated lymphocytes. Interestingly, a significant increasing trend in the FDXR expression level (at 0.05 significance level) following cell stimulation to the division was observed.
Conclusion: Our results suggest that the PHA activation role in gene expression-based biodosimetry is strongly depended on the target genes and the relevant protein pathways. Finally, cell stimulation looks to be useful for some specific genes, such as FDXR, due to the increasing trend in expression and improvement of sensitivity of gene expression-based biodosimetry method.- انتشار مقاله: 12-05-1398
- نویسندگان: Habibeh Vosoughi,Hosein Azimian,Sara Khademi,Abdul-Rahim Rezaei,Maryam Najafi Amiri,Fereshteh Vaziri-nezamdoost,Mohammad-taghi Bahreyni-Toossi
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Advances in Mathematical Finance and Application
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Financial statement,Fraud,fuzzy neural network
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Fraud is a common phenomenon in
business, and according to Section 24 of
the Iranian Auditing Standards, it is the
fraudulent act of one or more managers,
employees, or third parties to derive
unfair advantage and any intentional or
unlawful conduct. Financial statements
are a means of transmitting confidential
management information about the
financial position of a company to
shareholders and other stakeholders. In
this paper, by reviewing the literature, 6
indicators of current ratio, debt ratio,
inventory turnover ratio, sales growth
index, total asset turnover ratio, and
capital return ratio as input and detection
of financial fraud as output are
considered for the fuzzy neural network.
The database was compiled for 10
companies in the period from 2010 to
2018 after clearing and normalizing
qualitatively between 1 to 5 discrete
numbers with very low or very high
meanings, respectively. The fuzzy neural
network model with 161 nodes, 448
linear parameters, 36 nonlinear
parameters, and 64 fuzzy laws with two
methods of accuracy approximation of
mean squared error and root mean squared error has been set to zero and
0.0000001 respectively. This neural
network can be used for prediction.- انتشار مقاله: 12-11-1398
- نویسندگان: Mohsen Rostamy-Malkhalifeh,Maryam Amiri,Mehrdad Mehrkam
- مشاهده