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کاربرد نوع شرط:
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: International Journal of Iron and Steel Society of Iran
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: impedance,Duplex stainless steel 2205,Mott–Schottky,Semiconductive property
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: In this study, the effect of molybdate on the electrochemical behavior and semi-conductive properties of duplex stainless steel 2205 passive film at NaCl solutions was investigated. Cyclic potentiodynamic polarization, impedance spectroscopy, mott-schottky plots and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to study the passive behavior. Polarization curves showed that the corrosion current and passive current density of stainless steel decreased with increasing molybdate concentrations. Mott–Schottky analysis revealed that the passive films formed on duplex stainless steels behave as n-type and p-type semiconductors and the donor and acceptor densities reduced with increasing molybdate concentration. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) results showed that charge transfer and passive resistance increased in the presence of molybdate. In addition, double layer and film capacitance decreased with increasing molybdate concentration and passive film thickness increased. Scanning electron microscopy was used to study the steel surface and showed more uniform surface with lower damage in the presence of molybdate.
- انتشار مقاله: 03-11-1396
- نویسندگان: M. Ebrahimi,Iman Danaee,H. Eskandari,S. Nikmanesh
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Desert
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: plant growth,environmental stress,Azotobacter,Pseudomona,Chlorophyll contents
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Drought stress is one of the most important factors affecting plant growth. Plant growth under drought stress may be enhanced by the application of microbial inoculation including plant growth promoting rhizobacteria. This research was conducted as a factorial experiment in a completely randomized design. The first factor included the bio-fertilizer (A. vinelandii (A)), P. agglomerans+ P. putida stroin (P), A + P and control (without bio-fertilizer). The second factor was drought stress at three levels of field capacity (FC), 0.7 FC and 0.4 FC. The results showed that treatment A + P at FC level had the highest effect on increasing photosynthetic pigments (p<0.01). While the lowest amount of photosynthetic pigments occurred in the treatment A at FC level. The highest and lowest shoot fresh weight was belonged to the treatments P at 0.7 FC and the treatment A at 0.4 FC, respectively (p<0.01). The highest and lowest root fresh weight was respectively was belonged to the control treatment at 0.7 FC and 0.4 FC, respectively (p<0.01). The results showed that the use of bio-fertilizers separately had more positive effects on the nutrients uptake of A. sativa L. In general, the results of this study suggest that growth promoting bacteria as bio-fertilizers have a greater effect on growth, photosynthesis pigments and nutrient uptake of A. sativa L. The use of these bacteria did not actually reduce the effect of drought stress on the plant.
- انتشار مقاله: 14-04-1395
- نویسندگان: S. Delshadi,M. Ebrahimi,E. Shirmohammadi
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Desert
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: plant growth,environmental stress,Azotobacter,Pseudomona,Chlorophyll contents
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Drought stress is one of the most important factors affecting plant growth. Plant growth under drought stress may be enhanced by the application of microbial inoculation including plant growth promoting rhizobacteria. This research was conducted as a factorial experiment in a completely randomized design. The first factor included the bio-fertilizer (A. vinelandii (A)), P. agglomerans+ P. putida stroin (P), A + P and control (without bio-fertilizer). The second factor was drought stress at three levels of field capacity (FC), 0.7 FC and 0.4 FC. The results showed that treatment A + P at FC level had the highest effect on increasing photosynthetic pigments (p<0.01). While the lowest amount of photosynthetic pigments occurred in the treatment A at FC level. The highest and lowest shoot fresh weight was belonged to the treatments P at 0.7 FC and the treatment A at 0.4 FC, respectively (p<0.01). The highest and lowest root fresh weight was respectively was belonged to the control treatment at 0.7 FC and 0.4 FC, respectively (p<0.01). The results showed that the use of bio-fertilizers separately had more positive effects on the nutrients uptake of A. sativa L. In general, the results of this study suggest that growth promoting bacteria as bio-fertilizers have a greater effect on growth, photosynthesis pigments and nutrient uptake of A. sativa L. The use of these bacteria did not actually reduce the effect of drought stress on the plant.
- انتشار مقاله: 14-04-1395
- نویسندگان: S. Delshadi,M. Ebrahimi,E. Shirmohammadi
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Categories and General Algebraic Structures with Applications
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Cogenerating set,essential extension,residual smallness,injective
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Some of the so called smallness conditions in algebra as well as in category theory, are important and interesting for their own and also tightly related to injectivity, are essential boundedness, cogenerating set, and residual smallness. In this overview paper, we first try to refresh these smallness condition by giving the detailed proofs of the results mainly by Bernhard Banaschewski and Walter Tholen, who studied these notions in a much more categorical setting. Then, we study these notions as well as the well behavior of injectivity, in the class $mod(Sigma, {mathcal E})$ of models of a set $Sigma$ of equations in a suitable category, say a Grothendieck topos ${mathcal E}$, given by M.Mehdi Ebrahimi. We close the paper by some examples to support the results.
- انتشار مقاله: 11-03-1393
- نویسندگان: M. Mehdi Ebrahimi,Mahdieh Haddadi,Mojgan Mahmoudi
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Caspian Journal of Environmental Sciences
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: heavy metals,Leaching,Phytoremediation,Chelating agent,Phragmites australis,Soil pollution
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: One of the major problems about the chelant-enhanced phytoextraction is the potential metal leaching associated with chelant application. A glasshouse pot experiment was conducted to investigate phytoextraction efficiency of common reed (Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steudel) for Lead and Chromium and to determine EDTA (ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid) enhancement of the mobility and phytoextraction of Pb and Cr and the potential for leaching of metals during the phytoextraction process. The results revealed that the bioconcentration factors of underground organs of the plant species were relatively higher than the bioconcentration factors of shoots and metals concentrations in the plant organs decreased in the order of root› rhizome› leave› stem. Thus, P. australis would be applicable for Pb and Cr phytostabilization. Addition of EDTA (0, 2.5, 5, 10 mmol.kg−1) to polluted pots with Pb and Cr significantly enhanced the mobility of soil metals and led to elevated soil solution concentrations of Pb and Cr. Positive correlation coefficients were found between treatment time and heavy metals concentrations in the plant organs. Optimum phytoextraction was observed when 5mmol kg−1 EDTA was added in single dosage, 60 days for Pb and double dosage for Cr, after the plant cultivation and, consequently, soil Pb and Cr concentration decreased with the passage of time. It can be concluded that P. australis can remediate Pb-Cr contaminated soils and EDTA had potential to promote the uptake of Pb and Cr for common reed, but with respect to its environmental leaching risk to ground waters, low dose should be used.
- انتشار مقاله: 05-08-1393
- نویسندگان: M. Ebrahimi,M. Ebrahimi,M. Ebrahimi
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Archives of Razi Institute
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Immunity,Broiler,Antibody titer,Infectious bursal disease,Vaccination
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Infectious bursal disease (IBD) is a highly contagious disease in young chickens worldwide. The major strategy for the prevention and control of IBD virus (IBDV) is vaccination. Therefore, the present study aimed to compare the immunogenicity of four commercially available IBD vaccines on broilers (Ross 308) that were raised in areas with very virulent IBDV infection history. Two commercial broiler farms with four standard poultry houses were selected in Alborz (n=6,250 birds per house) and Khorasan Razavi (n=8,000 birds per house) provinces of Iran. In each farm, the houses were randomly assigned to one of the four IBD intermediate vaccine brands including Dn, Vc, Ch, and Razi. The birds in Alborz were vaccinated against IBDV via drinking water at 18 and 22; and 15 and 21 days of age in Alborz and Khorasan Razavi flocks, respectively. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay antibody titers against IBDV were measured in 20 birds per group at 1, 28, 35, and 42 days of age. In addition, production attributes including body weight, feed conversion ratio, mortality, and production index were measured during the research period. According to the findings, the IBD antibody titers were not affected by the vaccine brands at 28, 35, and 42 days of age (P>0.05). Following the second IBD vaccination, an increasing trend in IBD antibody titers was noted in the Razi vaccine as well as other brands at days 35 and 42 compared to the previously recorded titers (P<0.05). Moreover, the production attributes of the flocks receiving various IBDV vaccine brands were not different (P>0.05). Regarding the productivity indices and high immunogenicity levels, the results indicated that the potential of the IBD Razi vaccine was comparable to the other investigated brands of commercial IBD vaccines, and nominated it as an immunogenic candidate vaccine for use in commercial broilers.
- انتشار مقاله: 22-10-1397
- نویسندگان: M. M. Ebrahimi,A. R. Yousefi,Sh. Shahsavadi,M. Zaghari,M. R. Bassami
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Archives of Razi Institute
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Bioinformatics,vaccine,Biological products,Immunoinformatics
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: There are many challenges in the field of public health sciences. Rational decisions are required in order to treat different diseases, gain knowledge and wealth regarding research, and produce biological or synthetic products. Various advances in the basic laboratory science, computer science, and the engineering of biological production processes can help solve the occurring problems. Bioinformatics is defined as a field of science combined of biology, mathematics, physics, chemistry, and computer sciences. Recently, bioinformatics has been extensively used in the designing of the epitope, vaccines, antibodies, adjuvants, diagnostic kits, and therapeutic purposes (e.g., proteins, peptides, or small molecules). Moreover, bioinformatics includes chemoinformatics that has been employed to produce various biological or chemical products to target and combat pathogens. Bioinformatics is involved in other areas of data analysis and prediction, such as structural biology, system biology, phylogeny, population genetics, and next-generation data sequencing. To the best of our knowledge, no published study coherently described the benefits of bioinformatics fields applied for medication development or diagnostic aims in bio-productive and pharmaceutical/vaccine companies. Therefore, in the current review, we attempted to present the available bioinformatics resources, practical experiences, and other findings in the mentioned field along with providing a harmonized and applied model(s). The key points presented in the current review may help to elevate production and reduce the costs for the development of novel vaccines, medicines, and antibodies. In addition, these methods can facilitate the identification of organisms and may guarantee the quality of biological products.
- انتشار مقاله: 16-05-1397
- نویسندگان: M. M. Ranjbar,M. M. Ebrahimi,S. Shahsavandi,T. Farhadi,A. Mirjalili,M. Tebianian,M. H. Motedayen
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Archives of Razi Institute
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Cloning,Theileria equi,EMA-1
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Diversity among the pathogenic strains of Theileria equi (T. equi), a major agent of equine piroplasmosis, can affect the appropriate detection of parasite and host immunization. Production of recombinant surface proteins from an infected horse in natural endemic area provides a reliable tool for immunodiagnosis of parasite. Regarding this, the present study was targeted toward the cloning, expression, and purification of the immunogenic regions of equine merozoite antigen 1 (EMA-1 gene), as one of the most important immunodominant surface proteins in T. equi, from naturally infected horses in Iran. The immunogenic region of EMA-1 gene was amplified using the blood of infected horses. EMA-1 gene was cloned into pET26b vector. Then, recombinant plasmids (pET 26b-EMA-1) were transformed into competent E. coli BL21 (DE3) cells. Cloning was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), restriction enzyme assays, and DNA sequence analysis. The recombinant protein was expressed using isopropyl β-D-1-thiogalactopyranoside as an inducer, purified using nickle-nitrilotriacetic acid column, and then confirmed by 10% sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and dot blot analysis utilizing Anti-His Tag antibody. Furthermore, the immunoreactivity of recombinant protein against the serum of the infected horses was evaluated using dot blot analysis. The PCR product analysis showed a 750-bp band belonging to immunogenic regions of EMA-1 gene. Sequence analysis revealed that cloned EMA-1 and protein had 94% and 97% homology to EMA-1 sequences submitted to GenBank from different countries, respectively. Restriction enzyme and sequence analyses confirmed the subcloning and correction of the orientation of inserted gene. The SDS-PAGE analysis confirmed the expression of EMA-1 protein with a 28-kDa band. The results of the dot blot analysis revealed that the horse serum containing antibody against T. equi could react with the purified recombinant protein. Purified EMA-1 protein can be used as a reliable tool for the future development of diagnostic tests or vaccines.
- انتشار مقاله: 21-02-1396
- نویسندگان: M. Ebrahimi,Hossein Hamidinejat,M. R. Tabandeh,M.H. Razi Jalali,A. Rasouli
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Archives of Razi Institute
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی:
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: The present study was carried out in order to isolate, identify, and assess the antimicrobial susceptibility of the causative agent(s) of pneumonic pasteurellosis in sheep in East Azerbaijan province, northwest of Iran. Pneumonia was detected in 320 cases, and the affected lungs were sampled in the slaughterhouse. The samples were investigated bacteriologically for the isolation of two microorganisms from the Pasteurellaceae family. Pasteurella multocida was isolated from six (1.87%) samples, while none of the lung tissues were positive for Mannheimia haemolytica. After the isolation and detection of microorganisms via cultural and morphological tests, the bacteria were identified on the basis of biochemical criteria and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed on all P. multocida isolates, using broth microdilution method. Evaluation of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of eight antimicrobial agents against the tested isolates showed that all the organisms were resistant to amoxicillin and relatively susceptible to ceftiofur. In conclusion, P. multocida was introduced as the main cause of ovine pneumonic pasteurellosis in the studied district, and the outbreak frequency significantly varied in different seasons of the year (P<0.05).
- انتشار مقاله: 03-07-1395
- نویسندگان: I. Khalili,R. Ghadimipour,R. Ghaderi,GH. Shokri,A.R. Jabbari,N. Razmaraii,M. Ebrahimi
- مشاهده