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کاربرد نوع شرط:
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Trends in Pharmaceutical Sciences
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Liposomes,Transdermal drug delivery,passive enhancement,colloidal systems
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Transdermal drug delivery (TDD) is an attractive approach to minimize the limitations encountered by other drug administration routes such as oral and parenteral. Apart from specialized devices fabricated for modifying the barrier properties of the stratum corneum such as iontophoresis, sonophoresis and microneedles, there are several passive methods applied through physicochemical manipulations in drug formulation, including prodrugs, ion-pairs, supersaturated solutions, inclusion complexes, eutectic mixtures, ionic liquids and use of chemical penetration enhancers. More recently, colloidal carriers due to their small size, high specific surface area, unique structural and biochemical features, are suggested for the skin penetration enhancement through transcellular or shunt routes. This review considers challenges and achievements of colloidal TDD systems, either used alone or in combination with other techniques, with a special concern about lipid-based vesicular nanocarriers including liposomes, niosomes, transfersomes, pharmacosomes, ethosomes, catesomes, and invasomes. Undoubtedly, understanding interplay between physicochemical properties and the underlying mechanisms of skin penetration enhancement is a prerequisite for optimized TDD applications.
- انتشار مقاله: 27-10-1397
- نویسندگان: Leila Moradi,Sanaz Javanmardi,Samirasadat Abolmaali,Soliman Mohammadi Samani
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Journal of Health Sciences and Surveillance System
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Hospital,Employees,individual,Educational programs
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background: Continuous educational programs are one of the essential ways to promote human resources; inconsistency of the courses with individual and organizational needs may lead to organizational dissatisfaction, job performance reduction, and time and capital waste. The study aimed to evaluate the attitudes of the employees about in-service continuous educational programs; they participated in the above-mentioned programs in the continuous educational units from 2006 to 2017 in Ahwaz city, Iran.
Methods: In this cross-sectional study, all the treatment and administrative employees in the hospital participated in the educational plans. Out of 548 employees, 225 were selected using the ratio-random sampling method in the late 2017. The study instrument was a validated questionnaire with 66 items and 5 scales of adaptation, efficient management, individual development, growth of attitudes, employees’ knowledge and skills, and managers’ support for implementing operational programs; its validity was measured using Cronbach’s Alpha (α=0.93). The collected data were analysed in SPSS V.23 using descriptive statistics, mean scores, SD, χ2 test, ANOVA, and t-test.
Results: Based on the study findings, the participants maintained that management of continuing education courses was useful and beneficial, and there was a statistically significant difference between the main variables and the total score (ρ<0.001). The Eta square showed that literacy (ɳ2=0.224, R2=0.462) and gender (ɳ2=0.205, R2=0.345) had less efficiency, and occupation (ɳ2=.581, R2=.219) significantly affected continuous education programs (ρ<0.01).
Conclusion: It is suggested that cognitive dimension and occupation should be considered in implementing continuous education programs. Additionally, educational content should be updated- انتشار مقاله: 31-01-1397
- نویسندگان: Jeyran Ostovarfar,Maral Ostovarfar,Somayeh Zare,Leila Moradi,Elham Makiabadi,Abdolrahim Asadollahi
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Journal of Advances in Medical Education and Professionalism
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی:
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Introduction: Recognizing the determinants of behavior plays amajor role in identification and application of effective strategiesfor encouraging individuals to follow the intended pattern ofbehavior. The present study aimed to analyze the universitystudents’ behaviors regarding the amenability to dress code, usingthe theory of reasoned action (TRA).Methods: In this cross sectional study, 472 students were selectedthrough multi-stage random sampling. The data were collectedusing a researcher-made questionnaire whose validity wasconfirmed by specialists. Besides, its reliability was confirmed byconducting a pilot study revealing Cronbach’s alpha coefficientsof 0.93 for attitude, 0.83 for subjective norms, 0.94 for behavioralintention and 0.77 for behavior. The data were entered into the SPSSstatistical software and analyzed using descriptive and inferentialstatistics (Mann-Whitney, correlation and regression analysis).Results: Based on the students’ self-reports, conformity of clothesto the university’s dress code was below the expected level in28.87% of the female students and 28.55% of the male ones. Themean scores of attitude, subjective norms, and behavioral intentionto comply with dress code policy were 28.78±10.08, 28.51±8.25and 11.12±3.84, respectively. The students of different collegeswere different from each other concerning TRA constructs. Yet,subjective norms played a more critical role in explaining thevariance of dress code behavior among the students.Conclusion: Theory of reasoned action explained the students’dress code behaviors relatively well. The study results suggestpaying attention to appropriate approaches in educational, culturalactivities, including promotion of student-teacher communication.Keywords: Dress code, Adherence, Behavior
- انتشار مقاله: 09-04-1394
- نویسندگان: MOHAMMAD HOSSEIN KAVEH,LEILA MORADI,MARYAM HESAMPOUR,JAFAR HASAN ZADEH
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Journal of Advances in Medical Education and Professionalism
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی:
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Introduction: One of the main determinants of adolescents’ life satisfaction isparenting skills. Due to the lack of educational trials in this field, this researchwas done to evaluate the effect of a parenting education program on girls’ lifesatisfaction in governmental guidance schools of Shiraz city.Methods: This study is aneducational randomized controlled trial. At first,152 female students in 2nd grade of governmental guidance schools and304 parents(152 mother and 152 father) were selected by multistage randomcluster sampling method. Then, they were categorized into experimental andcontrol groups. Before and after the intervention, data were collected from twogroups using multidimensional students’ life satisfaction scale with stability(Cronbach’s alpha=0.89), test–retest and correlation coefficient (r=0.70-0.90).Educational intervention for parents was performed in the experimental groupthrough presentations with question and answer, discussion in small groupsand distribution of educational booklets in 5 volumes. Finally, the data wereanalyzed using SPSS 14 and through Mann-Whitney test, Chi-square test,Fisher’s Exact test, Wilcoxon test.Results: Before the intervention, the experimental and control groups did notshow a statistically significant difference based on the demographic variables.Thetotal of life satisfaction scores and also its subscales in the experimentaland control group, before and six weeks after the educational interventiondidshowstatisticallysignificant difference (P<0.001). The scores of differences(pre-test/post-test) in total life satisfaction between the experimental andcontrol groups were statistically significant difference (P<0.001).Conclusion: According to low scores of the students in the pre-test, especiallyin the control group which didn’t undergo any educational program,holdingscheduled educational intervention is necessary. This study not only supportsthe effectiveness of educational intervention but also recommends furthereducational research to develop knowledge regarding patterns of parentingeducation.Keywords: Adolescent, life, Satisfaction
- انتشار مقاله: 09-10-1392
- نویسندگان: MOHAMMAD HOSSIEN KAVEH,LEILA MORADI,LEILA GHAHREMANI,HAMID REZA TABATABAEE
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Iranian Journal of Catalysis
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Sulfonation,Biginelli reaction,Dihydropyrimidinones,Functionalization,Multiwalled carbon nanotubes,[bmim] BF4 Ionic liquid,MWCNTs-SO3H
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) have been functionalized with -SO3H groups using new three steps chemical routes. Firstly, OH groups have been attached to CNT surfaces through a radical reaction. The second step involves converting the hydroxyl groups into the oxide one and last step included the attachment of –SO3H groups on the MWCNTs surfaces in the presence of 1-butyl-3-methyl imidazolium tetrafluoroborate [bmim]BF4 ionic liquid as catalyst. Functionalized MWCNTs were characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Raman Spectroscopy. Obtained product have be used as acidic nano catalyst in the Biginelli reaction for the synthesis of 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-one derivatives. The reaction was performed under solvent-free conditions with excellent yields and short reaction times in the presence of a reusable efficient catalyst.
- انتشار مقاله: 26-09-1393
- نویسندگان: Leila Moradi,Gholam Reza Najafi,Hakimeh Saeidiroshan
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Iranian Journal of Catalysis
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: ultrasonic,Microwave,Chromenes,One-pot,Meglumine,Green Conditions
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: A simple, mild and high efficient procedure for one pot three component synthesis of 2-amino 4-H chromene derivatives was studied. The reaction was performed in water using aryl aldehydes, malononitrile and resorcinol, phloroglucinol or naphthole in the presence of N-methyl D-glucamine (Meglumine) as a green high efficient catalyst. The reaction was studied in thermal, microwave (MW) and ultrasonic (US) conditions. Obtained results show that meglumine, as a green catalyst, has high efficiency in all reaction conditions and the yield of products (in all cases) is high to excellent. Environment friendly solvent and catalyst, short reaction times and high yield products are the advantageous of presented research.
- انتشار مقاله: 04-10-1393
- نویسندگان: Leila Moradi,Mina Zare
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: International Journal of Pediatrics
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Adolescent,qualitative research,Eating behaviors,Perceived threat
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background: Perceived threat is particularly important in health-related behaviors. The aim of this study was to explain the perceived threat of unhealthy and unsafe eating behaviors in Iranian adolescent girls.
Materials and Methods: In this qualitative study, directed content analysis was used and participants were selected by purposeful sampling. Data were collected using focus groups and semi-structured, in-depth individual interviews with 60 girl students of the eighth grade who studied in the government schools of Shiraz City, Iran in 2019. Sampling continued until data saturation was achieved. Data were analyzed by Graneheim and Lundman's approach of conventional content.
Results: From the data analysis, five categories were drawn. Perceived susceptibility comprised of (1) disease risk-increasing factors and (2) disease risk-decreasing factors and perceived severity consisted of (3) individual, (4) familial, and (5) social consequences of the disease. The perceived susceptibility consisted of the subcategories, namely, biological susceptibility or body's protective mechanisms, individual behaviors, and risky or protective environmental factors for food and health safety. Perceived severity included the subcategories: physical, mental, educational, and medical problems for the individual, psychosocial problems, and imposing heavy treatment costs on family, economic, and social problems for the community.
Conclusion: The perceived threat of unhealthy and unsafe eating behaviors in adolescents includes perceptions of disease risk increasing and disease risk-decreasing factors, as well as personal, familial, and social consequences following disease development. Understanding these perceptions can help adolescents engage in health-promoting eating behaviors.- انتشار مقاله: 13-12-1398
- نویسندگان: Mohammad Hossein Kaveh,Leila Moradi,Mohammad Ali Morowatisharifabad,Azadeh Najarzadeh,Hossein Fallahzadeh
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: International Journal of Pediatrics
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Adolescent,Qualitative study,Eating behaviors,Self-concept
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background: Self-concept plays an important role in understanding behavioral patterns. The purpose of the present study was to explain Iranian adolescent girls' self-concepts of eating behaviors.
Materials and Methods: In this qualitative study, conventional content analysis was used and participants were selected through purposeful sampling. This study was conducted in the government girls’ schools of Shiraz City, Iran from October 2018 to March 2019. Data were collected through in-depth, semi-structured individual interviews with 42 girl students. Interviews were recorded with the audio recorder and continued until data saturation was achieved so that no new conceptual information was obtained after 35 interviews, while individual interviews were conducted with seven other individuals to ensure data saturation, and no additional conceptual information emerged from the seven interviews. The data were analyzed according to the conventional content analysis approach.
Results: From the analysis of the data, six categories for adolescent girls' self-concepts were drawn including: (1) physical self-concept, (2) social self-concept, (3) academic self-concept, (4) self-satisfaction, (5) self-confidence, and (6) self-esteem. These self-concepts included subcategories of effective eating behaviors on appearance, physical energy status, morals, academic performance, satisfaction and happiness, self-confidence and popularity and respect.
Conclusion: Adolescent girls' self-concepts of eating behaviors encompass a wide range of dimensions such as physical, social, academic, self-satisfaction, self-confidence and self-esteem, and their identification is one of the determinants of the development of intention to adopt healthy eating behaviors.- انتشار مقاله: 11-12-1398
- نویسندگان: Mohammad Hossein Kaveh,Leila Moradi,Mohammad Ali Morowatisharifabad,Azadeh Najarzadeh,Hossein Fallahzadeh
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Immunology and Genetics Journal
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Gastric cancer,Primary immunodeficiency,Disorder,Helicopter pylori
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Introduction: Primary antibody deficiencies (PADs) are the most common inherited immunodeficiencies, which can present wide clinical presentation including susceptibility to bacterial infections and gastric adenocarcinoma. Since Helicopter pylori (H.pylori) infection is associated with immune dysregulation and an increased risk of gastric carcinogenesis, we evaluated the prevalence of HP infection in patients with different forms of PAD.
Methods: Thirty-seven patients with common variable immunodeficiency (CVID), 23 patients with X-linked agammaglobulinemia (XLA), and eleven patients with hyper IgM syndrome (HIgM, age range 8-25; 47 males and 24 females) were screened for H.pylori infection by Urea breath test (UBT) and H.pylori stool antigen (HPSA). Subsequently, an upper gastrointestinal endoscopy was conducted only for patients who had UBT and HPSA positive results due to an established gastrointestinal indication.
Results: Although almost all patients were under prophylactic antibiotic therapy, H.pylori infection was detected in 28% (n=20) of the patients; among different forms of PAD, 29% (n=11) of CVID patients, 30% (n=7) of XLA, and 18% (n=2) of HIgM patients were infected. Among patients with H.pylori infection, the rate of parasite infections was higher, while the prevalence of autoimmunity and autoinflammatory disorders increased in patients without H.pylori infection.
Conclusions: Despite regular immunoglobulin replacement therapy and antibiotic prophylaxis, one-fourth of PAD patients had a persistent H.pylori infection though without severe gastrointestinal manifestations. Long-term follow-up of these selected patients is essential to evaluate its association with gastric cancers.- انتشار مقاله: 30-01-1398
- نویسندگان: Fatemeh Kiaee,Naiimeh Tavakolinia,Leila Moradi,Samaneh Delavari,Kosar Abouhamzeh,Shiva Bayat,Pardis Anvari,Seyed Alireza Mahdaviani,Mohammad Nabavi,Shahin Merat,Fariborz Zandieh,Nima Parvaneh,Reza Malekzadeh
- مشاهده