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کاربرد نوع شرط:
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Interdisciplinary Journal of Virtual Learning in Medical Sciences
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Students,Internet,Addictive Behavior,university
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background: Considering that all activities are done using the Internet currently, the use of the Internet has turned into a necessity. Besides its various advantages, improper and excessive use has led to overt dependence on the Internet. We aimed to determine the effect of Internet addiction on educational achievement and its consequences. Methods: This cross-sectional study was done on 298 students studying at Shiraz University of Medical Sciences during 2011. Data were collected using Yang's Internet addiction questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS software. A P < 0.05 was considered as significant. Results: The total mean (±SD) internet addiction score was 31.26 (±11.53). 91.6, 6.4, and 0.3% of the students had normal, mild, and severe addiction to the Internet. We found a significant relationship between addiction to the Internet and variables such as chatting, sex, having a personal laptop, hours working with the computer, and hours surfing the Internet (P < 0.05). We found no significant relationship between Internet addiction and variables such as age, using personal emails, residential location, marital status, number of failed grades, age of beginning Internet use (P>0.05). Conclusion: Currently, the lives of all people including academics, is connected to the Internet causing a massive change in various aspects of people's lives. Therefore, taking necessary measures that could result in the correct use of this technology is crucial I order to improve the society.
- انتشار مقاله: 11-10-1398
- نویسندگان: Leila Ghahremani,Alireza Jafari Baghkheirati,Mahin Nazari
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Journal of Health Sciences and Surveillance System
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Quality of Life,self-efficacy,optimism,Diabetes mellitus, Type 2,Resilience, Psychological
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background: Diabetes control is highly self-care and emotional complications and mental stress play an important role in controlling blood sugar in diabetes, and these factors affect the quality of life of people with diabetes. The aim of this study was to determine the predicting role of personal resources for quality of life in diabetic patients.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional study done in 2017. The population of this study was all diabetic patients referred to Shahid Motahari, Imam Reza (AS) and Nader Kazemi clinics in Shiraz in 1396. A total of 198 patients were selected by simple random sampling method. Quality of life, optimism, self-efficacy of diabetic and resiliency questionnaires were used for data collection. Data were analyzed by SPSS software version 19 using Pearson correlation and multivariate regression.
Results: Findings showed that resiliency, self-efficacy and optimism had a positive and significant relationship with the quality of life of patients with diabetes. In a prediction model, self-efficacy and resiliency could predict 19% of the quality of life changes in patients with type 2 diabetes (p <0.05). The findings of this study showed that self-efficacy and resilience variables predicted the quality of life of patients, but optimism had no predictive power.
Conclusion: The results of this study showed that increased self-efficacy and resiliency lead to increased quality of life in diabetic patients. This may help the patients to cope with problems and excitement and is effective in planning interventions for diabetics.- انتشار مقاله: 16-01-1397
- نویسندگان: Mohammad Hossein Kaveh,Somayeh Zare,Leila Ghahremani,Mahin Nazari
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Journal of Health Sciences and Surveillance System
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Students,Adolescent,Thinking,theory of planned behavior
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background: When people maintain positive attitudes during life, their beliefs orientation will be highly beneficial to their health. In other words, those who have optimistic expectations report better physical health which is the result of their better psychological compatibility. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of educational intervention based on Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) on Shirazi male high school students’ degree of optimism.Methods: This educational randomized controlled trial was conducted on 240 male high school students in Shiraz. The research sample was selected through multi-stage random sampling. In this study, a demographic information form was used to gather the students’ demographic characteristics. Besides, a positive thinking researcher-made questionnaire was designed based on TPB. Moreover, the life orientation test (optimism scale) developed by Scheier and Carver was used to evaluate the participants’ degree of optimism. After all, the data were analyzed in SPSS statistical software (v. 19) using descriptive and inferential methods. Significance level was set at 0.05 in all the tests.Results: Compared to the control group, all the constructs of TPB increased in the intervention group after the training (P<0.001). Moreover, Pearson correlation indicated a significant relationship between the constructs, and the highest correlation was among attitude, perceived behavioral control, and intention.Conclusion: According to the research findings, all the constructs of TPB played a key role in increasing the students’ positive think. Thus, educational intervention based on TPB has a positive effect on increasing the students’ positive think.
- انتشار مقاله: 01-09-1393
- نویسندگان: Alireza Jafari Baghkheirati,Leila Ghahremani,Mohammad Hossein Kaveh,Sareh Keshavarzi
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Journal of Advances in Medical Education and Professionalism
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی:
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Introduction: Low self-esteem in adolescence is one of the risk factors fornegative outcomes in important domains of adulthood life. Due to the lackof trials based on modern methods of teaching in the field of self-esteem, this study aimed to investigate the effects of a peer-led training program on female second graders’ self-esteem in public secondary schools in Shiraz.Methods: The present study is an educational randomized controlled trial. 223 public school female students in the second grade were selected with the Multistage random cluster sampling method. The selected Schools were assigned randomly to experimental and control groups. The data were collected before, one and six weeks after an intervention in the control and experimental group, using Pope’s 5-Scale Test of Self-Esteem with Cronbakh’s alpha reliability of 0.85. The educational intervention in the experimental group was a peer-led approach, using discussion techniques in small groups (the group work, role play and group play) and a 5-volume training manual. The data were analyzed through SPSS, version 14, using Mann-Whitney test, Chi-square test, Wilcoxon and repeated measurements.Results: The results showed that the mean of total self-esteem scores and the sub-scales (except for family self-esteem) in the experimental groups compared to that in the control groups, one and six weeks after the peer-led based approach intervention was significantly different [p<0.001]. Before the intervention, the mean for self-esteem in the experimental groups was 51.80±13.91 but in the first post-test and second post-test the mean increased to 73.72±12.94, and 69.48±12.63, respectively. Before the educational intervention, the frequency distribution of females’ self-esteem in the experimental and control groups did not differ significantly from each other (p=0.340). But during one and six weeks after the intervention, a significant increase was observed between the two groups (p<0.001).Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that peer education is an effective way to promote self-esteem in adolescents. Providing opportunities such as a peer-led approach can help adolescents to acquire practical ways to increase their self-esteem.Keywords: Self esteem, Peer group, Adolescents, Education
- انتشار مقاله: 20-12-1392
- نویسندگان: MOHAMMAD HOSSEIN KAVEH,MARYAM HESAMPOUR,LEILA GHAHREMANI,HAMID REZA TABATABAEE
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Journal of Advances in Medical Education and Professionalism
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی:
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Introduction: One of the main determinants of adolescents’ life satisfaction isparenting skills. Due to the lack of educational trials in this field, this researchwas done to evaluate the effect of a parenting education program on girls’ lifesatisfaction in governmental guidance schools of Shiraz city.Methods: This study is aneducational randomized controlled trial. At first,152 female students in 2nd grade of governmental guidance schools and304 parents(152 mother and 152 father) were selected by multistage randomcluster sampling method. Then, they were categorized into experimental andcontrol groups. Before and after the intervention, data were collected from twogroups using multidimensional students’ life satisfaction scale with stability(Cronbach’s alpha=0.89), test–retest and correlation coefficient (r=0.70-0.90).Educational intervention for parents was performed in the experimental groupthrough presentations with question and answer, discussion in small groupsand distribution of educational booklets in 5 volumes. Finally, the data wereanalyzed using SPSS 14 and through Mann-Whitney test, Chi-square test,Fisher’s Exact test, Wilcoxon test.Results: Before the intervention, the experimental and control groups did notshow a statistically significant difference based on the demographic variables.Thetotal of life satisfaction scores and also its subscales in the experimentaland control group, before and six weeks after the educational interventiondidshowstatisticallysignificant difference (P<0.001). The scores of differences(pre-test/post-test) in total life satisfaction between the experimental andcontrol groups were statistically significant difference (P<0.001).Conclusion: According to low scores of the students in the pre-test, especiallyin the control group which didn’t undergo any educational program,holdingscheduled educational intervention is necessary. This study not only supportsthe effectiveness of educational intervention but also recommends furthereducational research to develop knowledge regarding patterns of parentingeducation.Keywords: Adolescent, life, Satisfaction
- انتشار مقاله: 09-10-1392
- نویسندگان: MOHAMMAD HOSSIEN KAVEH,LEILA MORADI,LEILA GHAHREMANI,HAMID REZA TABATABAEE
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: self-efficacy,attitude,Elderly,Intention
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background: Regular physical activity is ranked as a leading health indicator. Despite the extensive benefits of physical activity, elder people are much less active than desired. Using Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) and the self-efficacy construct, this study examined the prediction of physical activity intention and behavior in a sample of elderly male resident of a nursing home.
Methods: In a cross-sectional study of the residents of Kahrizak Nursing Home in Tehran, Iran, elderly men who were 60 years or older, capable of independent living, mobility, and verbal communication were asked to complete measures of the TPB, self-efficacy and physical activity behavior.
Results: A hierarchical step-wise multiple regression analysis indicated that affective/instrumental attitude, subjective norm, and perceived behavioral control (PBC) explained 32.8% of the variance in physical activity intention, and self-efficacy provided an additional 2.7%. In a reverse step regression, the TPB variables explained an additional 12.2% of physical activity intention. In a multiple regression analysis on physical activity behavior, affective/instrumental attitude, subjective norm, perceived behavioral control (PBC) and intention explained 15.7% of the variance in physical activity behavior while self-efficacy contributed an additional 5.6%. In the reverse step regression, TPB predictors contributed an additional 3.0% in explaining the variance in physical activity behavior.
Conclusion: The results indicate that in addition to the TPB, self-efficacy may also play an important role in the prediction of behavior, and should be included in the design of physical activity programs for elderly men of nursing home residents.- انتشار مقاله: 09-09-1392
- نویسندگان: Leila Ghahremani,Shamsaddin Niknami,Mahin Nazari
- مشاهده