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- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Journal of Advances in Medical Education and Professionalism
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی:
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Introduction: In recent years curriculum reform and integrationwas done in many medical schools. The integrated curriculum isa popular concept all over the world. In Shiraz medical school,the reform was initiated by stablishing the horizontal basicscience integration model and Early Clinical Exposure (ECE)for undergraduate medical education. The purpose of this studywas to provide the required data for the program evaluation ofthis curriculum for undergraduate medical students, using CIPPprogram evaluation model.Methods: This study is an analytic descriptive and triangulationmixed method study which was carried out in Shiraz MedicalSchool in 2012, based on the views of professors of basic sciencescourses and first and second year medical students. The studyevaluated the quality of the relationship between basic sciencesand clinical courses and the method of presenting such coursesbased on the Context, Input, Process and Product (CIPP) model.The tools for collecting data, both quantitatively and qualitatively,were some questionnaires, content analysis of portfolios, semistructuredinterview and brain storming sessions. For quantitativedata analysis, SPSS software, version 14, was used.Results: In the context evaluation by modified DREEMquestionnaire, 77.75%of the students believed that this educationalsystem encourages them to actively participate in classes. Courseschedule and atmosphere of class were reported suitable by 87.81%and 83.86% of students. In input domain that was measured by aresearcher made questionnaire, the facilities for education wereacceptable except for shortage of cadavers. In process evaluation,the quality of integrated modules presentation and Early ClinicalExposure (ECE) was good from the students’ viewpoint. Inproduct evaluation, students’ brain storming, students’ portfolioand semi-structured interview with faculties were done, showingsome positive aspects of integration and some areas that needimprovement.Conclusion: The main advantage of assessing an educationalprogram based on CIPP evaluation model is that the context, input,process and product of the program are viewed and evaluatedsystematically. This will help the educational authorities to makeproper decisions based on the weaknesses and strengths of theprogram on its continuation, cessation and revision. Based on the results of this study, the integrated basic sciences course forundergraduate medical students in Shiraz Medical School isat a desirable level. However, attempts to improve or reformsome sections and continual evaluation of the program and itsaccreditation seem to be necessary.Keywords: Integration; Medical students; Basic science; Curriculum
- انتشار مقاله: 04-04-1396
- نویسندگان: AZADEH ROOHOLAMINI,MITRA AMINI,LEILA BAZRAFKAN,MOHAMMAD REZA DEHGHANI,ZOHREH ESMAEILZADEH,PARISA NABEIEIE,RITA REZAEE,JAVAD KOJURI
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Journal of Advances in Medical Education and Professionalism
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی:
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Introduction: The information literacy status and the use ofinformation technology among students in the globalization age ofcourse plans are very momentous. This study aimed to evaluate theinformation literacy status and use of information technology amongmedical students of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences in 2013.Methods: This was a descriptive-analytical study with crosssectionalmethod. The study population consisted of all medicalstudents (physiopathology, externship and internship) studyingat Shiraz University of Medical Sciences. The sample size(n=310) was selected by systematic random sampling. Thetool of data gathering was LASSI questionnaire (assigned byAmerica research association) with 48 closed items in five-pointLIKERT scale. The questionnaire included two distinct parts ofdemographic questions and the information literacy skills basedon the standards of information literacy capacities for academiceducation. The content validity was acquired by professors’and experts’ comments. The reliability was also calculated byCronbach’s alpha (0.85). Data were analyzed in both descriptive(frequency- mean) and analytical level (t-test, analysis of variance)using SPSS 14 software.Results: 60.3% of the participants were females, and theremaining (29.7%) were males. The mean score of informationliteracy and its five subgroups among the students weren’t at adesirable level. The mean scores of information literacy foreducational grades from the highest to lowest belonged to theinternship, physiopathology and externship. The results showedthat the highest average was related to the effective access abilityto information among interns (9.27±3.57) and the lowest onewas related to the ability of understanding legal and economicalcases related with using information among externs (3.11±1.32).The results of ANOVA showed that there wasn’t a significantdifference between educational grades and information literacy.Finally, the result of independent t-test did not show a significantdifference between the two genders in information literacy.Conclusion: Regarding the importance of information literacy formedical students and undesirable status of information literacyamong students, the current educational plans will need to be revised.Keywords: Medical students; Information literacy; Technology; Medical informatics
- انتشار مقاله: 06-10-1395
- نویسندگان: LEILA BAZRAFKAN,ALI ASGHAR HAYAT,KARIM ABBASI,AGHDAS BAZRAFKAN,AZADAH ROHALAMINI,MOZHGAN FARDID
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Journal of Advances in Medical Education and Professionalism
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی:
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: As Medical sciences become more advanced andgrow each day, so do the challenges of medicaleducation. To overcome the new obstacles whichare an inseparable part of science evolution, it isnecessary to renew and improve the educationalsystem .Achieving this, requires individuals whoare educated in the new methods of learning andtherefore can lead others through educationalsystem development. During the past decade,these facts have led many medical universitiestoward establishing and pursuing new masterand PhD. programs of medical education. As aPioneer in the field of medical education and thefirst teacher training center in EMRO since 1972,Shiraz University of Medical Sciences (SUMS)has also contributed to educational systemtransformation by establishing master courses inmedical education since 2008, with a goal of notonly updating faculties` educational knowledgebut also training efficient educational experts. InSUMS, these courses which are also mentionedin Dr. ARA Tekian’s article in Chicago University(1), were designed based on reviewing what Someof the greatest universities in the field of educationsuch as Dundee, Maastricht and Chicago Universityhave done. The courses last for five semestersand are available for all medical and paramedicalfaculty members, GPs and paramedical masters.To enter the program applicants must send theirresume including their degree, previous education,and published articles. Moreover, they must alsotake part in an entrance exam which evaluatestheir knowledge of general English language alongwith their educational knowledge and computerskills. These courses are conducted using thenewest methods and references of learning suchas “A practical guide for medical teachers” (2).The students are also asked to study the mostrecent AMME Guidelines which are provided forthem. According to students’ work field, in eachsemester, proper homework has been considered toimprove what they’ve been instructed in practice.After becoming educational experts, thesestudents can be hired in different sections ofeducation departments, acting as educationalambassadors, initiating educational leaders &curriculums designers which, in turn, can littleby little change the culture and face of education,hoping that these changes may someday result inspurring medical educational system.
- انتشار مقاله: 05-07-1394
- نویسندگان: FARNAZ TAKMIL,MITRA AMINI,PARISA NABEIEI,LEILA BAZRAFKAN,MOHAMMAD REZA DEHGHANI,RITA REZAEE,SHIRIN GHANAVATI,JAVAD KOJURI
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Journal of Advances in Medical Education and Professionalism
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی:
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Introduction: Establishment of effective communicationbetween the clinician and patient is essential in order to increasethe effectiveness of treatment. These skills have been lessinvestigated among dental students. This study aimed to evaluatecommunication skills of dental students in Shiraz with patientsthrough direct observation, patients’ perspectives and students’self-assessments.Methods: This cross-sectional study enrolled the fifth and sixthyear dental students and one of each student’s patients whowas chosen using simple random sampling method. We used achecklist for data collection. Students’ communication skills wereassessed at three steps of the student-patient interview – at thebeginning of the interview, during the interview, and at the endof the interview. The checklist was completed by three groups: 1)an observer, 2) the patient and 3) the student, as self-assessment.The validity of the checklist was confirmed by clinical professorsand the reliability was determined by Cronbach’s alpha test. Datawere analyzed using descriptive statistics and Student’s t test.A repeated measure MANOVA was used to compare the meancommunication skills in the researcher, patients, and students ateach step of the patient interviews.Results: There were 110 students (mean age: 22.3±8.4 years)and 110 patients (mean age: 32±8.8 years) who completed thechecklists. Overall, the communication skills of dental studentswere rated as good according to the patients. However, the observerand student participants rated the skills at the moderate level. Weobserved significant differences between communication skills inall three groups and in the three steps of the patient interviews(p<0.001). According to patients’ beliefs and students’ selfassessments, there were no differences between male and femalestudents in communication skills in the three steps of the patientinterviews (all p>0.05). However from the observer’s viewpoint,female students showed better communication skills during theinterviews (p=0.001).Conclusion: There was a degree of failure in communication skillsof dental students with patients in the interview process. It will benecessary that communication skills be taught, particularly forstudents involved in clinical practice.Keywords: Communication skill; Relationship; Dental student
- انتشار مقاله: 07-10-1394
- نویسندگان: MAHTAB MEMARPOUR,LEILA BAZRAFKAN,ZAHRA ZAREI
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Journal of Advances in Medical Education and Professionalism
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی:
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Introduction: The supervision of academic theses at theUniversities of Medical Sciences is one of the most importantissues with several challenges. The aim of the present studyis to discover the nature of problems and challenges of thesissupervision in Iranian universities of medical sciences.Methods: The study was conducted with a qualitative methodusing conventional content analysis approach. Nineteen facultymembers, using purposive sampling, and 11 postgraduate medicalsciences students (PhD students and residents) were selected onthe basis of theoretical sampling. The data were gathered throughsemi-structured interviews and field observations in Shiraz andIsfahan universities of medical sciences from September 2012 toDecember 2014. The qualitative content analysis was used with aconventional approach to analyze the data.Results: While experiencing the nature of research supervisionprocess, faculties and the students faced some complexities andchallenges in the research supervision process. The obtained codeswere categorized under 4 themes based on the characteristics;included “Conceptual problem”, “Role ambiguity in thesissupervision”, “Poor reflection in supervision” and “Ethicalproblems”.Conclusion: The result of this study revealed that there is a needfor more attention to planning and defining the supervisory,and research supervision. Also, improvement of the quality ofsupervisor and students relationship must be considered behindthe research context improvement in research supervisory area.Keywords: Research; Complexity; Medical students; Grounded theory
- انتشار مقاله: 09-04-1394
- نویسندگان: ALIREZA YOUSEFI,LEILA BAZRAFKAN,NIKOO YAMANI
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Journal of Advances in Medical Education and Professionalism
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی:
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Introduction: The people’s mental, intellectual and physical nonreadinessto confront earthquake may result in disastrous outcomes.This research aimed to study of effects of a training interventionon health connector’s knowledge regarding their approach toearthquake in health-training centers in East of Tehran.Methods: This research which is a semi-experimental study wasdesigned and executed in 2011, using a questionnaire with itemsbased on the information of Crisis Management Org. After apilot study and making the questionnaire valid and reliable,we determined the sample size. Then, the questionnaires werecompleted before and after the training program by 82 healthconnectors at health-treatment centers in the East of Tehran.Finally, the collected data were analyzed by SPSS 14, using pairedsample t–test and Pearson’s correlation coefficient.Results: Health connectors were women with the mean age of43.43±8.51 years. In this research, the mean score of connectors’knowledge before and after the training was 35.15±4.3 and43.73±2.91 out of 48, respectively. The difference was statisticallysignificant (p=0.001). The classes were the most important sourceof information for the health connectors.Conclusion: The people’s knowledge to confront earthquake canbe increased by holding training courses and workshops. Suchtraining courses and workshops have an important role in datatransfer and readiness of health connectors.Keywords: Health; Education; Earthquake
- انتشار مقاله: 25-12-1393
- نویسندگان: ZAHRA JOUHARI,AFSHAR PIRASTEH,GHOLAM REZA GHASSEMI,LEILA BAZRAFKAN
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Journal of Advances in Medical Education and Professionalism
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی:
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Introduction: Feedback is very important in education and can help quality in the training process and orient the trainees in clinical contexts. This study aimed to assess the residents’ points of view about feedback in clinical education at Shiraz University of Medical Sciences.Methods: The sample of this study included 170 medical residents attending medical workshops in Shiraz University of Medical Sciences. The residents filled a valid and reliable questionnaire containing 21 items on their perceptions of the feedback they got throughout the workshops. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 14.Results: The study revealed that residents, generally, have a positive perception of feedback in their training. The highest score belonged to the items such as “feedback was applicable to future work”, “feedback corrected my behavior”, “feedback worked as a motivation for education” and “feedback was specific in one subject”. Residents who had a negative feedback experience also increased their efforts to learn. The Surgery residents acquired the highest scores while radiology residents got the lowest. The difference between these groups was statistically significant (P = 0.000).Conclusion: The highest mean score belonged to internal medicine residents. This shows that residents believe that obstetrics & gynecology ward is a ward in which the formative assessment is much more powerful in comparison to the other three major wards. The surgery ward received the lowest score for formative assessment and this shows that the feedback in surgery ward is very low.Keywords: Feedback, Medical residents, Shiraz medical school, Point of view, Clinical teaching
- انتشار مقاله: 22-07-1392
- نویسندگان: LEILA BAZRAFKAN,GHOLAM HOSSAIN GHASSEMI,PARISA NABEIEI
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Journal of Advances in Medical Education and Professionalism
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی:
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Introduction: Although logbook is a useful tool in learning and assessment of the student, its use in the education of undergraduate dentistry students is not well-established. The present study was conducted to assess the effect of logbook as a study guide and an effective method for assessment of the students in the fixed prosthesis course. Methods: This quasi-experimental study was performed in Shiraz Dental School. The subjects of this study consisted of 60 students categorized into two experimental and control groups. In the control group, the students underwent the current format of Fixed Prosthesis curriculum. In the experimental group, the intervention was carried out using the Logbook. Pre and post tests were done using MCQ. The instructors and students had to evaluate the students’ daily activities. The data were analyzed using SPSS software. T-test, Paired T-test and Mann Whitney test were used for statistical analysis. Results: The logbooks were effective in cognitive and psychomotor domain (knowledge and practice) of dental education and the mean difference between the two groups was significant (P<0.01). The use of logbook provided a more objective evaluation and led to further student satisfaction. Conclusion: Logbook is a useful tool for teaching and learning as an interactive study guide and assessment tool. Using logbook in dentistry education necessitates more studies to be conducted in this regard and also the revision of dental curricula.Keywords: Logbook, Study guide, Dentistry undergraduate Training
- انتشار مقاله: 10-06-1392
- نویسندگان: KIANOOSH TORABI,LEILA BAZRAFKAN,SAJAD SEPEHRI,MEHDI HASHEMI
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Interdisciplinary Journal of Virtual Learning in Medical Sciences
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Students,Academic Achievement,Virtual Education,Learning Style,Locus of Control
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Objectives: The general objective of this research was to study the learning styles and locus of control of virtual students at Shiraz University of Medical Sciences and its relationship with their academic attainment. Methods: This was a descriptive study carried out during year 2017. One hundred virtual learners from Shiraz University of Medical Sciences were randomly selected as the participants of this study. The instrument used in this study was the Kolb Learning Style Inventory and Rotter locus of control scale (1996). Kolb Learning Style Inventory consists of 12 questions and four sections. Vilkaksn measured the reliability of the study by using Alpha, and reported on high reliability (active examination = 0.67, abstract understanding = 0.83 thinking observation = 0.87, objective experience = 0.82). The stability of Rotter’s questionnaire was reported by franklin to be more than 82%. The quantitative data were analyzed using person product moment correlation, k2, analysis of variance (ANOVA), and independent samples t test. The questionnaires were analyzed using version 20 of SPSS software and the significance level was equal to 0.05. Results: The results indicated that 80% of the students deployed a convergent style of learning. Also, it was found that there was no meaningful relationship between learning styles and academic success (P = 0.61). There was no significant relationship between locus of control and academic achievement (P = 0.51). However, the learners with internal locus of control were older than the ones with external locus of control (P = 0.04). Conclusions: Because of the novelty of virtual education in Iran, it demands more research to specify the degree of success gained by this kind of educational system.
- انتشار مقاله: 11-10-1348
- نویسندگان: Jila Khalife,Nahid Zarifsanaiey,Leila Bazrafkan,Fateme Keshavarzi
- مشاهده