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کاربرد نوع شرط:
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Progress in Biological Sciences
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Actinomycetes,Biological control,Phytotoxin,Cardaria draba
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Cardaria draba is an important, troublesome weed in the sustainable production of wheat. In
the first step of this study, 100 actinomycete isolates were purified from soil samples collected
from the rhizosphere and phyllosphere of plants in different provinces of Iran. All isolates were
subjected to primary screening by assaying the fermentation broth of the sterile surfaces of C.
draba leaves. Considerable herbicidal activity was observed for four isolates. During secondary
screening and assaying of the extracted culture medium with ethyl acetate, two isolates,
Streptomyces sp. UTMC 2102 and Streptomyces sp. UTMC 2104, were selected as superior
phytotoxin-producing isolates in the biological control of C. draba. Leaf necrosis was observed
in 500 and 1000 μg/ml and ≥100 μg/ml dilutions for isolates UTMC 2102 and UTMC 2104,
respectively. Phylogenic identification confirmed that the 16S rRNA gene has 100% similarity
to Streptomycin anulatus for the isolate Streptomyces sp. UTMC 2102 and 100% similarity to
Streptomyces vinaceusdrappus for the isolate Streptomyces sp. UTMC 2104. These results
suggest that the S. anulatus and S. vinaceusdrappus isolates can be used in the biological control
of C. draba in wheat fields.
- انتشار مقاله: 12-09-1392
- نویسندگان: Javad Hamedi,Reyhaneh Papiran,Hamid Moghimi
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Progress in Biological Sciences
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Metal ions,Clavulanic Acid,β-lactamase inhibitor,Streptomyces clavuligerus,Fermentation water quality
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Metal ions are the main impurities of water and media ingredients used in fermentation processes. In this research, the effect of Ca+2, Co+2, Cu+2, Fe+2, Mg+2, Mn+2 and Zn+2 as chloride and sulfate salts was studied on the clavulanic acid production and Streptomyces clavuligerus growth. All chloride salts had negative effect on clavulanic acid production and no clavulanic acid was produced in the media containing more than 1.5 mM ZnCl2 and 18 mM FeCl2. CuCl2 and CaCl2 increased biomass production, while the other chloride salts decreased it. Concentration of clavulanic acid in the 0.2 mM MnSO4 containing medium was 1.21 times more than that of control. There was no significant difference in antibiotic concentration in the medium containing 0.41 mM MgSO4 and control. Other sulfate salts decreased antibiotic production. MgSO4, CuSO4 and FeSO4 increased the biomass, while other sulfate salts decreased it. Minimum and maximum specific consumption rate of glycerol were seen in the medium containing CuSO4, and MnSO4, respectively.
- انتشار مقاله: 23-07-1391
- نویسندگان: Javad Hamedi,Sara Goomeshi Nobary
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Progress in Biological Sciences
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی:
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Phosphorus (P), in the form of phosphate ion (Pi), is a vital element contributing in biomolecule structures, metabolic reactions, signaling pathways and energy transfer within the living cells. The objective of the present study was to assess the influence of fungal infection on Pi metabolism in compare to the effects of phosphate stress in Arabidopsis. Quantification of total P contents showed higher storage of P in the shoots than in the roots of Pi-fed plants, while the homeostatic levels of soluble Pi was kept in a fairly narrow range in roots and shoots of both Pi-fed and Pi-starved. When the plants were subjected to Pi starvation, both total P and soluble Pi contents were reduced to minimal levels in roots and shoots. Total acid phosphatase (APase) activity was also affected by the level of available Pi such that it was higher in the starved plants than in the fed plants. When Pi-fed plants were subjected to fungal infections, a remarkable reduction was observed for the above indicators in roots but not shoots. Surprisingly, the analysis of APase expression profiling after inoculation with Alternaria brassicicola showed that the rates of transcription of several APase-encoding genes were affected by fungus infection. Atpap9, afungal inducible gene, promoter analysis also indicated alterations in tissue-specific expression patterns upon the fungal infections. These data clearly illustrate that how a nutrient distribution is affected by environmental conditions, even regardless of available phosphate.
- انتشار مقاله: 15-07-1391
- نویسندگان: Fatemeh Imanparast,Javad Hamedi,Behzad Laamerad,Majid M. Heravi
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Progress in Biological Sciences
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی:
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Production of extracellular amylase was demonstrated under conditions of high salinity in aerobically cultivated culture of a newly isolated moderately halophilic Gram-positive coccus, designated strain F in basal medium containing peptone from meat, yeast extract, NaCl (7% w/v) and starch. Biochemical and physiological characterization along with 16S rRNA sequence analysis placed F in the genus Nesterenkonia. The enzyme production was synchronized bacterial growth and reached a maximum level during the early-stationary phase in the basal medium. Maximum yield production was observed when the soluble starch, yeast extract and NaCl (1%, 0.75% and 10% w/v, respectively) were used in the fermentation medium with pH 8.0, inoculated with 7% (v/v) pre-culture medium and incubated in 30°C for 72 h with aeration of 250 rpm (299.25 U/ml).
The potential of different carbohydrates in amylase production was in the order: starch> maltose>dextrin>fructose>lactose=glucose>sodium acetate>sodium citrate. The production yield in the presence of different salts was as follows: NaCl> KCl> NaNO3> Na2SO4. Maximum activity for enzyme was assayed in 3.0 M NaCl, pH: 5-7, and 40°C. α-amylase hydrolyzed starch, dextrin and glycogen to form maltose, maltotriose and maltotetraose as major products, and has no effect on amylose and pullulan as substrates. These results suggest that the amylase secreted by Nesterenkonia sp. strain F is industrially important from the perspective of its tolerance to a broad temperature range and its high tolerance to a wide range of salt concentrations (0–3 M NaCl).- انتشار مقاله: 16-07-1391
- نویسندگان: Mohammad Ali Amoozegar,Bardia Samareh-Abolhasani,Mohammad Shafiei,Maryam Didari,Javad Hamedi
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Progress in Biological Sciences
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Actinomycetes,Biological control,Phytotoxin,Cardaria draba
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Cardaria draba is an important, troublesome weed in the sustainable production of wheat. In
the first step of this study, 100 actinomycete isolates were purified from soil samples collected
from the rhizosphere and phyllosphere of plants in different provinces of Iran. All isolates were
subjected to primary screening by assaying the fermentation broth of the sterile surfaces of C.
draba leaves. Considerable herbicidal activity was observed for four isolates. During secondary
screening and assaying of the extracted culture medium with ethyl acetate, two isolates,
Streptomyces sp. UTMC 2102 and Streptomyces sp. UTMC 2104, were selected as superior
phytotoxin-producing isolates in the biological control of C. draba. Leaf necrosis was observed
in 500 and 1000 μg/ml and ≥100 μg/ml dilutions for isolates UTMC 2102 and UTMC 2104,
respectively. Phylogenic identification confirmed that the 16S rRNA gene has 100% similarity
to Streptomycin anulatus for the isolate Streptomyces sp. UTMC 2102 and 100% similarity to
Streptomyces vinaceusdrappus for the isolate Streptomyces sp. UTMC 2104. These results
suggest that the S. anulatus and S. vinaceusdrappus isolates can be used in the biological control
of C. draba in wheat fields.
- انتشار مقاله: 12-09-1392
- نویسندگان: Javad Hamedi,Reyhaneh Papiran,Hamid Moghimi
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Progress in Biological Sciences
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Metal ions,Clavulanic Acid,β-lactamase inhibitor,Streptomyces clavuligerus,Fermentation water quality
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Metal ions are the main impurities of water and media ingredients used in fermentation processes. In this research, the effect of Ca+2, Co+2, Cu+2, Fe+2, Mg+2, Mn+2 and Zn+2 as chloride and sulfate salts was studied on the clavulanic acid production and Streptomyces clavuligerus growth. All chloride salts had negative effect on clavulanic acid production and no clavulanic acid was produced in the media containing more than 1.5 mM ZnCl2 and 18 mM FeCl2. CuCl2 and CaCl2 increased biomass production, while the other chloride salts decreased it. Concentration of clavulanic acid in the 0.2 mM MnSO4 containing medium was 1.21 times more than that of control. There was no significant difference in antibiotic concentration in the medium containing 0.41 mM MgSO4 and control. Other sulfate salts decreased antibiotic production. MgSO4, CuSO4 and FeSO4 increased the biomass, while other sulfate salts decreased it. Minimum and maximum specific consumption rate of glycerol were seen in the medium containing CuSO4, and MnSO4, respectively.
- انتشار مقاله: 23-07-1391
- نویسندگان: Javad Hamedi,Sara Goomeshi Nobary
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Progress in Biological Sciences
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی:
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Phosphorus (P), in the form of phosphate ion (Pi), is a vital element contributing in biomolecule structures, metabolic reactions, signaling pathways and energy transfer within the living cells. The objective of the present study was to assess the influence of fungal infection on Pi metabolism in compare to the effects of phosphate stress in Arabidopsis. Quantification of total P contents showed higher storage of P in the shoots than in the roots of Pi-fed plants, while the homeostatic levels of soluble Pi was kept in a fairly narrow range in roots and shoots of both Pi-fed and Pi-starved. When the plants were subjected to Pi starvation, both total P and soluble Pi contents were reduced to minimal levels in roots and shoots. Total acid phosphatase (APase) activity was also affected by the level of available Pi such that it was higher in the starved plants than in the fed plants. When Pi-fed plants were subjected to fungal infections, a remarkable reduction was observed for the above indicators in roots but not shoots. Surprisingly, the analysis of APase expression profiling after inoculation with Alternaria brassicicola showed that the rates of transcription of several APase-encoding genes were affected by fungus infection. Atpap9, afungal inducible gene, promoter analysis also indicated alterations in tissue-specific expression patterns upon the fungal infections. These data clearly illustrate that how a nutrient distribution is affected by environmental conditions, even regardless of available phosphate.
- انتشار مقاله: 15-07-1391
- نویسندگان: Fatemeh Imanparast,Javad Hamedi,Behzad Laamerad,Majid M. Heravi
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Progress in Biological Sciences
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی:
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Production of extracellular amylase was demonstrated under conditions of high salinity in aerobically cultivated culture of a newly isolated moderately halophilic Gram-positive coccus, designated strain F in basal medium containing peptone from meat, yeast extract, NaCl (7% w/v) and starch. Biochemical and physiological characterization along with 16S rRNA sequence analysis placed F in the genus Nesterenkonia. The enzyme production was synchronized bacterial growth and reached a maximum level during the early-stationary phase in the basal medium. Maximum yield production was observed when the soluble starch, yeast extract and NaCl (1%, 0.75% and 10% w/v, respectively) were used in the fermentation medium with pH 8.0, inoculated with 7% (v/v) pre-culture medium and incubated in 30°C for 72 h with aeration of 250 rpm (299.25 U/ml).
The potential of different carbohydrates in amylase production was in the order: starch> maltose>dextrin>fructose>lactose=glucose>sodium acetate>sodium citrate. The production yield in the presence of different salts was as follows: NaCl> KCl> NaNO3> Na2SO4. Maximum activity for enzyme was assayed in 3.0 M NaCl, pH: 5-7, and 40°C. α-amylase hydrolyzed starch, dextrin and glycogen to form maltose, maltotriose and maltotetraose as major products, and has no effect on amylose and pullulan as substrates. These results suggest that the amylase secreted by Nesterenkonia sp. strain F is industrially important from the perspective of its tolerance to a broad temperature range and its high tolerance to a wide range of salt concentrations (0–3 M NaCl).- انتشار مقاله: 16-07-1391
- نویسندگان: Mohammad Ali Amoozegar,Bardia Samareh-Abolhasani,Mohammad Shafiei,Maryam Didari,Javad Hamedi
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Progress in Biological Sciences
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Erythromycin,Soybean oil,lecithin,deodorizer distillate,oil refining waste,Saccharopolyspora erythraea
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Erythromycin production is clearly enhanced by the addition of vegetable oils. However,
whether this positive effect is brought about by the triglyceride or non-triglyceride fraction, is
not clear. The non-triglyceride portions of the oils accumulate in the waste during the refining
process leaving mainly triglycerides in the refined oil. In this research, sub-fractions of soybean
oil, including lecithin, soap stock, free fatty acid, deodorizer distillate and unsaponifiable matter
were supplemented by batch and fed-batch to chemically defined and complex fermentation
media. The fermentation flasks were incubated at 30°C for 8 days at 220 rpm. It resulted in the
production of low concentrations of oil by-products (1-5 g/l) at the beginning of fermentation,
increased antibiotic production and had a greater enhancing effect than using crude oil.
However, some fractions of oil such as free fatty acids considerably reduced antibiotic
production. The results of this study highlight the advantages of substitution of vegetable oil
with its refining by-products in the fermentation media.- انتشار مقاله: 10-06-1393
- نویسندگان: Javad Hamedi,Maryam Rezadehbashi,Manuchehr Bahmaei
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Iranian Journal of Biotechnology
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Experimental Design,Amberlite Resin,Full Factorial optimization,In situ metabolic extraction,Natural product,Persipeptides
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background: Drug discovery process is growing considerably due to the noteworthy resource of natural products. Persipeptides A and B are cyclopeptide antibiotics, which are produced by Streptomyces zagrosensis UTMC 1154. Although extraction of culture broth with the help of solvent has been optimized previously, no effort for in-situ extraction of persipeptides has been done yet.
Objective: To produce a high quantity of persipeptides for further drug evaluation, it is crucial to design approaches aimed at improvement of the extraction yield.
Materials and Methods: Amberlite XAD-16N was employed into the fermentation culture medium of S. zagrosensis in order to enhance the in-situ extraction of persipeptides. Effects of resin content (%), resin addition time (h), and fermentation time (day) were investigated by a two-level full factorial experimental design.
Results: The main factors of resin content (%) and the interaction of resin content (%) with resin addition time (day) were found to be important using ANOVA. The results showed the amount of 0.33 % (w.v-1) amberlite XAD-16N added at 27.2 h post-inoculation was the most effective combination to increase the efficiency of in-situ adsorption capacity of persipeptides.
Conclusions: The provided method requires 3.3 g resin and 200 mL methanol for the extraction of persipeptides from each liter of fermentation culture of S. zagrosensis in less than 15 min. Apart from cost-efficiently and simplicity, this procedure enhanced the recovery of persipeptides by 7 % and 3 times, compared to ISP2 medium without any resin after 4 and 7 days of fermentation, respectively. Therefore, this method can be regarded as a cost-efficient enhancement approach for the production of these newly-discovered metabolites before implementing the genetic manipulation or intensive media optimization, demanding considerable time and effort.- انتشار مقاله: 09-01-1397
- نویسندگان: Hamed Kazemi Shariat Panahi,Fatemeh Mohammadipanah,Farzaneh Rahmati,Aliakbar Tarlani,Javad Hamedi
- مشاهده