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کاربرد نوع شرط:
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: World Sociopolitical Studies
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Convergence,UN,Iran’s Foreign Policy,Divergence,International Organizations
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Iran’s foreign policy toward international organizations has always oscillated between divergence and convergence, depending on the status of the country in question and the statesmen's point of the view. This study aimed to examine the status of international organizations in Iran’s foreign policy. A divergent approach to international organizations was adopted during 1981-1988 and 2005-2013. This believe in a domination system in the world, and try to change the status quo and the fundamental rules of the international system. One could argue that the domination of this approach in Iran’s foreign policy undermined the national interests and security. On the other hand, since 1979, it has been revealed that whenever Iran has had a convergent interaction with international organizations (i.e., 1979-1980 and 1988-2005); it has helped Iran's national interest and security. Furthermore, cooperation with international organizations in various fields has provided opportunities for political, economic and cultural ties of Iran.
- انتشار مقاله: 24-04-1396
- نویسندگان: Hossein Karimifard,Hossein Karimifard,Hossein Karimifard
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Archives of Bone and Joint Surgery
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Carpal tunnel syndrome,Z-plasty,Hand Function,Median Neurolysis,Pillar Pain
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی:
Background: Carpal tunnel syndrome is the most common focal mono-neuropathy. A study was designed to compare the effects of traditional open carpal tunnel release with median neurolysis and Z-plasty reconstruction of the transverse carpal ligament on post-operative hand pain and hand function in patients with idiopathic carpal tunnel syndrome.
Methods: Fifty-two patients with idiopathic carpal tunnel syndrome entered the study. The patients were randomly assigned into two groups to undergo simple transverse carpal ligament release or division of the ligament with Z-lengthening reconstruction. Forty-five patients completed the study. Two patients of the simple open surgery group and 5 patients of the Z-plasty reconstruction group did not complete the follow up course. After the procedure, the patients were followed to assess post-operative pain and hand function during a 12-week period.
Results: The scores of hand pain on the first day after surgery were not statistically different between the two groups (P=0.213). But the score of hand pain was significantly lower in the Z-plasty reconstruction group at week 1, week 3, and week 6 after surgery (P<0.001). However, at week 12, no patient complained of hand pain in both groups.
Considering hand function, no patient had normal hand grip after the first week, but after three weeks, a significantly higher proportion of patients in the Z-plasty reconstruction group had reached near normal hand grip (76.1% vs. 29.1%;). However, at weeks 6 and 12, the differences were not statistically different between the two groups.
Conclusion: We observed significant reduction in hand pain, shorter duration of hand pain and shorter period of time to reach normal hand grip by Z-plasty reconstruction of the TCL.
- انتشار مقاله: 15-04-1394
- نویسندگان: Majid Sajjadi Saravi,Mohammad Hossein Kariminasab,Mehdi Bari,Salman Ghaffari,Mehran Razavi Pur,Seyed Mohammad Mehdi Daneshpoor,Mahsa Vojodi Yazdi,Mehrnaz Mohammad Davodi,Masoud Shayesteh Azar,
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Sociological of Studies of youth
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Mass Media,fear of the future,Conformity,Reference group,Dowry,Feeling of security,Emulation,Legal awareness,Religious quality
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: This investigation is about the cultural, social, and legal factors influencing on the amount of dowry. Hence, we used structuralism theory, functionalism, symbolic interactionism, and reasonable selection, theory of mass society and media power and religiosity theory. Therefore, for this topic we examined cluster random sampling of the 384 married men and women of 18 to 35 years in Qom. The results of this study have shown that women with higher education and higher status have higher dowry. According to the results, dowry has different meanings between different ethnic groups. There is a significant relationship between family members, reference group, mass media and feeling of security, fear of the future, emulation, conformity, legal awareness, and religious quality, kinship, lodging and determining the amount of dowry. But there is no relationship between people experiencing divorce, native people, age at marriage and dowry.
- انتشار مقاله: 16-07-1396
- نویسندگان: Leyla Yazdan Panah,Nayereh Omidi,Hossein Hosseinitabar Karimi
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Journal of Industrial Engineering International
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: heuristics,Quadratic assignment problem,Meta-heuristics,Tuning method
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Quadratic assignment problem (QAP) is a well-known problem in the facility location and layout. It belongs to the
NP-complete class. There are many heuristic and meta-heuristic methods, which are presented for QAP in the
literature. In this paper, we applied 2-opt, greedy 2-opt, 3-opt, greedy 3-opt, and VNZ as heuristic methods and
tabu search (TS), simulated annealing, and particle swarm optimization as meta-heuristic methods for the QAP. This
research is dedicated to compare the relative percentage deviation of these solution qualities from the best known
solution which is introduced in QAPLIB. Furthermore, a tuning method is applied for meta-heuristic parameters.
Results indicate that TS is the best in 31% of QAPs, and the IFLS method, which is in the literature, is the best in 58
% of QAPs; these two methods are the same in 11% of test problems. Also, TS has a better computational time
among heuristic and meta-heuristic methods.- انتشار مقاله: 10-07-1399
- نویسندگان: Mahdi Bashiri,Hossein Karimi
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Journal of Advances in Medical Education and Professionalism
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی:
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Introduction: Leadership and management are two expected featuresand competencies for general practitioners (GPs). The purpose of thisstudy was leadership and management curriculum planning for GPswhich was performed based on Kern’s curriculum planning cycle.Methods: This study was conducted in 2011-2012 in Iran using anexplanatory mixed-methods approach. It was conducted throughan initial qualitative phase using two focus group discussions and28 semi-structured interviews with key informants to capture theirexperiences and viewpoints about the necessity of managementcourses for undergraduate medical students, goals, objectives, andeducational strategies according to Kern’s curriculum planning cycle.The data was used to develop a questionnaire to be used in a quantitativewritten survey. Results of these two phases and that of the review ofmedical curriculum in other countries and management curriculumof other medical disciplines in Iran were used in management andleadership curriculum planning. In the qualitative phase, purposefulsampling and content analysis with constant comparison based onStrauss and Corbin’s method were used; descriptive and analytic testswere used for quantitative data by SPSS version 14.Results: In the qualitatively stage of this research, 6 main categoriesincluding the necessity of management course, features and objectivesof management curriculum, proper educational setting, educationalmethods and strategies, evolutionary method and feedback resultwere determined. In the quantitatively stage of the research, fromthe viewpoints of 51.6% of 126 units of research who filled out thequestionnaire, ranked high necessary of management courses. Thecoordination of care and clinical leadership was determined asthe most important role for GPs with a mean of 6.2 from sampleviewpoint. Also, team working and group dynamics had the firstpriority related to the principles and basics of management with amean of 3.59. Other results were shown in the paper.Conclusion: Results of this study indicated the need to provideeducational programs for GPs; it led to a systematic curriculumtheory and clinical management using Kern cycle for generalpractitioner’s discipline. Implementation and evaluation of thisprogram is recommended.Keywords: Curriculum; Management; Medical education; General practitioner
- انتشار مقاله: 05-07-1394
- نویسندگان: SHAHLA KHOSRAVAN,HOSSEIN KARIMI MOONAGHI,SHAHRAM YAZDANI,SOLEIMAN AHMADI,MOHAMMAD REZA MANSOORIAN
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Journal of Advances in Medical Education and Professionalism
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی:
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Introduction: Development of nursing profession is faced with new challenges. Role of education is important for advancement of nursing. Faculty members are experienced in education, and they are authentic sources for determining of the educational challenges in nursing. The aim of this study was to determine the educational challenges in nursing from the viewpoint of faculty members of nursing and midwifery in University of Mashhad.Methods: This study is a cross- sectional study conducted on 31 cases from faculty members of nursing in Mashhad University of Medical Sciences by using census method in 2010-2011. A combination of data collection methods was used for collection of data in two phases: preparation of assessment tool (questionnaire) and survey of the desired construct among the samples. After determining the validity and reliability, a questionnaire was given to the samples to answer. Data were analyzed in SPSS software version 11.5 using statistical tests.Results: The most important threats in nursing include “Separation of fields such as anesthesia and operating room from nursing” (%93.6), “Increasing gap between clinical practice and education of nursing due to the increase in education of students and instructors” (%90.3), “Being Theoretical courses in master’s and PhD program” (%77.5), “Decreasing the students’ motivation” (%77.5) and “Establishing new schools of nursing” (%64.5). The most important opportunities in nursing include: “Need to informatics education in education of nursing” (%93.5), “localizing resources based on new issue and problems” (%84), and “Paying attention to evidence- based education in nursing education” (%83.9) and “adjusting the educational content according to ideals and standards of nursing” (%80.6). Conclusion: Based on the results, Returning of anesthesia and operating room branches to nursing after bachelors’, “Revising of educational content based on needs and localizing resources”, “Using new methods in nursing instruction”, “continuing the training based on clinical experiences” and “Using applied research in clinical environment” are suggested.Keywords: Education, Challenges, Nurse, Faculty members
- انتشار مقاله: 08-07-1392
- نویسندگان: ABBAS HEYDARI,SEYED REZA MAZLOUM,HOSSEIN KARIMI MOONAGHI,MOHAMMAD MOJALLI,LALEH HOSSEINI SHAHIDI,HOSSEIN NAMDAR ARESHTANAB
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Journal of Applied Research in Water and Wastewater
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Genetic Algorithm,Sustainable Development,Water resources management,Virtual water,Virtual water trade
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: The water used in the production process of an agricultural or industrial product is
called "virtual water". In Iran with low average annual precipitation also lack of
available water resources, concept of the virtual water and its trade is used as a
strategy for optimal operation of water resources in many fields such as water
scarcity, drought and so on. This concept, also, could hold some interesting new
opportunities for the field of sustainable consumption. Recently, in Iran, net virtual
water import reached to (15-20)*109 m3 per year and is one out of the top ten virtual
importing countries. In this research, after virtual water applicable concepts
expressing, virtual water content in some of the agricultural products in the world
have been compared with products existence in Iran. Additionally, we selected
some strategic agricultural products, which export and import to the country, and
used an algorithm called "Genetic Algorithm", to optimize virtual water usage and
trade according to demands, agricultural situation, production cost and
environmental condition. Results showed which products how could help optimal
water resources operation and effect of virtual water usage in economic growth.- انتشار مقاله: 25-06-1396
- نویسندگان: Mohammad Hossein Karimi Pashaki,Amir Khosrojerdi,Hossein Sedghi
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Lymphoma,MicroRNAs,Large B-Cell,Diffuse,Microarray Analysis
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma is the most common type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous small RNA, which can regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. MiRNA profiling has shown a great potential as novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers. The present study was performed at the Nemazee Teaching Hospital (Shiraz, Iran) from 2011 to 2013.The aim of this study was to assess the deregulation of miRNAs profiles in DLBL against hyperplasic reactive lymph node as a normal. This could serve as a biomarker for DLBL. The miRCURY LNATM microarray was used on the total RNA, which was extracted from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue of 24 de novo diffuse large B-cell lymphoma patients and 14 normal lymph nodes. The greatest changes were detected in miR-4284 and miR-4484 level in patient’s lymphoma samples. These miRNAs can act as a diagnostic biomarker for DLBL.
- انتشار مقاله: 04-09-1393
- نویسندگان: Gholamhossein Tamaddon,Bita Geramizadeh,Mohammad Hossein Karimi,Seyed Javad Mowla,Said Abroun
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Shoulder,humeral fracture,glenohumeral dislocation
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Simultaneous dislocation of shoulder and humeral shaft fracture is a rare injury, and there is no clear protocol for its treatment. Herein we present a case of a 15-year-old boy, who suffered from a job-related accident and sustained fracture of humeral shaft associated with ipsilateral anterior shoulder dislocation and fracture of greater tuberosity 15 years ago. He received closed reduction of both injuries and coaptation plaster splint for four weeks, followed by Sarmiento splint at that time. Fifteen years after the injury, he has no problem related to the previous injury, and does not experience any episode of shoulder instability.
- انتشار مقاله: 17-09-1392
- نویسندگان: Masoud Shayesteh-Azar,Mohammad Hossein Karimi-Nasab,Majid Sajjadi–Saravi,Seyed Mohamad Mehdi Daneshpoor
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Phenylketonuria,Phenylalanine,phenylalanine hydroxylase,tetrahydrobiopterin
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background: Phenylketonuria is a hereditary, autosomal recessive disorder caused by deficiency of phenylalanine hydroxylase or its cofactor tetrahydrobiopterin. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the incidence of this disorder in southern Iran. Methods: All the neonates born between 22/Dec/2004 and 7/Sep/2007 were screened and their blood samples were tested by colorimetric and high performance liquid chromatography methods to obtain a diagnosis of phenylketonuria. Results: Of the screened newborns (87091 females and 88143 males) 15 female and 13 male neonates were diagnosed definitely as having phenylketonuria. Conclusion: The incidence of phenylketonuria in girls and boys was 1.7 in 10000 and 1.5 in 10000, respectively (mean: 1.6 in 10000) in southern Iran (Fars province).
- انتشار مقاله: 17-12-1393
- نویسندگان: Asadollah Habib,Mohammad Hossein Fallahzadeh,Hamid Reza Kazeroni,Amir Hossein Ganjkarimi
- مشاهده