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کاربرد نوع شرط:
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: International Journal of Psychology (IPA)
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: personality disorders (PDs),narcotic drugs,and stimulant drugs
- چکیده: Given the importance of drug addiction, this article aims to study the current relationship between personality disorders and types of drugs used (narcotics and stimulants) in Iranian addicts. The sample consisted of 285 drug addicts including 132 narcotic addicts and 153 stimulant addicts selected randomly in several phases. Data collecting process was accomplished by means of clinical interviewing based on DSM-IV criteria for addiction, Addiction Severity Index (ASI), and Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory – III (MCMI-III). Using Pearson correlation coefficient and regression, the gathered data were analyzed. There was a significant correlation between stimulant consumption and histrionic personality disorder (p
- چکیده انگلیسی: Given the importance of drug addiction, this article aims to study the current relationship between personality disorders and types of drugs used (narcotics and stimulants) in Iranian addicts. The sample consisted of 285 drug addicts including 132 narcotic addicts and 153 stimulant addicts selected randomly in several phases. Data collecting process was accomplished by means of clinical interviewing based on DSM-IV criteria for addiction, Addiction Severity Index (ASI), and Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory – III (MCMI-III). Using Pearson correlation coefficient and regression, the gathered data were analyzed. There was a significant correlation between stimulant consumption and histrionic personality disorder (p
- انتشار مقاله: 29-01-1394
- نویسندگان: Sima Noorbakhsh,Zeynab Khanjani,Hamid Poorsharifi
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: International Journal of Health Policy and Management
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Iran,HIV,Kerman,Stigma,healthcare providers
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background
Stigmatizing attitudes among healthcare providers are an important barrier to accessing services among people living with HIV (PLHIV). This cross-sectional study aimed to assess the status and correlates of HIV-related stigma among healthcare providers in Kerman, Iran.
Methods
Using a validated and pilot-tested stigma scale questionnaire, we measured HIV-related stigma among 400 healthcare providers recruited from three teaching hospitals (n = 363), private sectors (n = 28), and the only voluntary counseling and testing (VCT) center (n = 9) in Kerman city. Data were gathered using self-administered questionnaires at participants’ workplace during Fall 2016. To examine the correlates of stigmatizing attitudes, we constructed bivariable and multivariable linear regression models.
Results
The mean ± standard deviation (SD) of stigma score was 25.95 ± 7.20 out of the possible 50, with higher scores reflecting more stigmatizing attitudes. Paramedics, nurses’ aides, and housekeeping staff had the highest, and VCT personnel had the lowest average stigma scores, respectively. Multivariable regression analyses showed that prior experience of working with PLHIV (β = -2.48; P = .03), exposure to HIV-related educational courses (β = -2.03; P = .02), and P < .001) were associated with lower stigma scores.
Conclusion
Our findings highlight the need for health managers to provide training opportunities for healthcare providers, including programs that focus on improving HIV-related knowledge for healthcare providers. Enforcing policies that aim to reduce HIV-related stigma and discrimination among healthcare providers in Iran are urgently needed.- انتشار مقاله: 02-07-1397
- نویسندگان: Fatemeh Tavakoli,Mohammad Karamouzian,Ali Ahmad Rafiei-Rad,Abedin Iranpour,Mehrdad Farrokhnia,Mehdi Noroozi,Ali Sharifi,Brandon D.L. Marshall,Mostafa Shokoohi,Hamid Sharifi
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: International Journal of Health Policy and Management
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Iran,Health Policy,Family Planning (FP),Total Fertility Rate (TFR),Population Control
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Iran’s significant success in implementing Family Planning (FP) during the past 25 years, has made it a role model in the world. The Total Fertility Rate (TFR) in Iran has dropped from 6.5 in 1960 to 1.6 in 2012, which is well below the targeted value of 2.2 for the country. Iran’s success story, however, did not merely root in the implementation of FP programs. In other words, families’ strong tendency to limit fertility and delayed marriages had an undeniable role in decreasing the TFR. On the other hand, Iranian policy-makers are very concerned about such a decrease and have recently restricted access to contraception, while outlawing any surgery that reduces fertility. This paper, tries to highlight the pros and cons of such restrictive policies, and argue that the policy-makers might be jeopardizing the success of Iran’s FP program by overestimating its role in the TFR reduction rate.
- انتشار مقاله: 24-03-1393
- نویسندگان: Mohammad Karamouzian,Hamid Sharifi,Ali Akbar Haghdoost
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: International Journal of Health Policy and Management
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: One health,Veterinary Medicine,Zoonosis
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی:
- انتشار مقاله: 10-09-1392
- نویسندگان: Hamid Sharifi,Mohammad Karamouzian
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: International Journal of Health Policy and Management
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Iran,HIV,Sexual Partners,People Who Inject Drugs (PWID),Peer Prevention
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Despite the fact that HIV epidemic is mainly driven by injection drug use in Iran, partners of People Who Inject Drugs (PWID) have been seriously neglected in terms of effective preventive interventions. Currently, sexual partners of PWID might have access to some harm reduction services at Voluntary Counselling and Testing (VCT) centers; however, their needs have not been effectively targeted and met. Unfortunately, the current programs implemented by the Ministry of Health have overlooked the importance of this population in the course of the HIV epidemic throughout the country. In this policy brief, we are trying to draw the health policy-makers’ attention to this overlooked population and while reviewing the advantages and disadvantages of some of the readily available options on the table, come up with a recommended action to tackle this problem. Our recommended action that seems to have had promising results elsewhere in Asia would try to implement preventive interventions targeting this particular population through peer prevention programs.
- انتشار مقاله: 16-11-1392
- نویسندگان: Mohammad Karamouzian,Ali Akbar Haghdoost,Hamid Sharifi
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Asia Pacific Journal of Medical Toxicology
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: collaboration,Research,Developing countries,Developed Countries
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: The recent issue of Asia Pacific Journal of Medical Toxicology made an important and interesting theme “What is the Best Research for Low Income Countries?” (1). We enjoyed reading the paper; nevertheless we hope to find a chance to share our idea. It was mentioned that some, for sure not all, researchers from the developed countries might not have enough motivation to contribute to the scientific production in the developing countries. Sadly, we agree with this idea and in practice most of the researchers in the less developed countries face these barriers. But the question is why such subtle discrimination exists in the scientific environment of the world despite its dominant moral concepts? Usually, scientists are working very hard to progress in their fields. Many indicators including H-index have been developed to measure the scientific level of experts. However, all of these indicators have their own limitations (2). Dr. Afshari mentioned in his paper that some scientists from north countries might not contribute since these contributions decelerate their progress. However, we did not find any strong logic for such explanation. There are many opportunities in the developing countries for scientific progress. Some of these opportunities are lower competition in scientific fields, more available International resources, many crucial questions for research, and the hospitality of the developing countries (including researchers, universities, and journals) to scientists of developed countries. Despite the above positive points, there are some barriers as well. The scientific gaps in some fields, less effective organizations, political, and financial obstacles are some examples. However, we would like to highlight one more important issue; a considerable portion of scientists in the developed countries do not have a deep and comprehensive view about the real situation in the developing countries. Honestly, we think they might have a distorted view about the capacities and the level of works in less developed countries. As a result of such a view, it would be difficult to establish a real scientific communication and collaboration between them. Therefore, it seems that a multi-dimensional strategy has to be taken by the scientific organizations in the developing countries with the following components: Improving their capacities in order to minimize their gaps with the developed countries. Working as a network and support each other efficiently by creating south-south links. Changing the attitude of scientists in the developed countries and change their insight about the existing capacities in the developing countries.
- انتشار مقاله: 10-02-1392
- نویسندگان: Hamid Sharifi,Ali Akbar Haghdoost
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Addiction and Health
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Iran,Sex workers,Age of onset,Survival analysis
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background: A significant proportion of Female Sex Workers (FSWs) as a vulnerable population begin selling
sex at an early age, which may lead the person to develop sexually-transmitted infections (STIs) and human
immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Thus, this study seeks to identify the factors which influence the age of first
sex for sale among the Iranian FSWs.
Methods: In 2010, 872 FSWs from 21 centers in 12 Iranian provinces were selected through multistage
sampling and were interviewed individually by a standard questionnaire. Survival analysis of interval
censored data was used to investigate factors which influence the age of first selling sex. The collected data
were analyzed using Weibull parametric model and the hazard ratio (HR) index was reported. The software
employed in this study was R version 3.4.2 and icenReg package was used.
Findings: The mean age of first selling sex was 24.94 ± 7.34 years. About 22% of the participants started to
sell sex before the age of 18. The risk of experiencing the first selling sex was 23% higher in those individuals
who had experienced alcohol consumption (HR = 1.23) and 51% higher in those who had drug injections
(HR = 1.51). Also, age, education, and marital status were significant variables.
Conclusion: In order to cope with the issue of first selling sex at an early age, the following strategies are
suggested: providing necessary trainings and building culture about the dangers of alcohol consumption and
drug injections, poverty reduction, facilitating education and marriage for young females, and combating sex
trafficking
- انتشار مقاله: 16-02-1399
- نویسندگان: Mahboobeh Mousavi-Ramezanzade,Yunes Jahani,Moghaddameh Mirzaee,Hamid Sharifi
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Addiction and Health
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Homeless youth,alcohol drinking,Injections,Logistic models
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background: Alcohol use and drug injection are prevalent among homeless youths. The aim of this study was
to identify the associated factors of alcohol consumption and drug injection among homeless youths aged
18-29 years.
Methods: Data on 202 homeless youths (111 males and 91 females) were collected using a standardized
questionnaire and face-to-face interview. Lasso logistic regression was applied to determine the impact of
associated factors on alcohol consumption and drug injection.
Findings: The mean age of the participants was 26.30 ± 3.19 years. Also, the prevalence of alcohol
consumption and drug injection was 33.0% [95% confidence interval (CI): 30-36] and 4.0% (95% CI: 0-8),
respectively; 6 people (3.0%) consumed alcohol and injected drugs at the same time. Correlates of alcohol
consumption and drug injection were male sex [odds ratio (OR)Alc = 5.7], age (ORAlc = 0.96 and ORDI = 0.98),
bachelor or higher education level (ORAlc = 1.34), non-Iranian nationality (ORAlc = 0.05 and ORDI = 0.18),
food score (ORDI = 0.92), smoking (ORAlc = 2.05), substance use (ORAlc = 1.12), opposite sex relationship
(ORAlc = 1.6), homosexual relationship (ORAlc = 3.56 and ORDI = 2.69), and mental disorder (ORAlc = 0.99).
Conclusion: Based on our findings, it seems that the homeless youth are more desired to use alcohol and drug
injection, whereas the prevalence of alcohol consumption and drug injection in homeless youth was higher
than general youth population in Iran. Therefore, some suitable solutions are needed to prevent the
homelessness. Also, the effective variables that were identified in this study for alcohol use and drug injection
can help design and implement beneficial interventions.
- انتشار مقاله: 17-09-1398
- نویسندگان: Abolfazl Hosseinnataj,Abbas Bahrampour,Mohammad Reza Baneshi,Samira Poormorovat,Glayol Ardalan,Farzaneh Zolala,Naser Nasiri,Jasem Zarei,Ghazal Mousavian,Abedin Iranpour,Hamid Sharifi
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Addiction and Health
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: drugs,Iran,Sex workers,Survey,Ordinal logistic
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background: Due to the high level of sexual relationships, prostitute women are faced with many dangers, including acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), sexually transmitted infections (STIs), fertility problems, drug use, etc. In this regard, addict prostitute women are exposed to more risks because drug use is considered as an outstanding factor in those associated with transmission of AIDS and being in an insecure sexual relationship. The purpose of this study was to find out the variables influential on the level of drug use, before or during sexual relationship. Methods:In 2010, 625 prostitute women were selected by multistage sampling from 21 centers out of
12 provinces. Then, we used a standard questionnaire for gathering data by a face-to-face interview. The multilevel ordinal logistic regression in survey model was used to find out the relationship between variables and the level of drug use before or during sexual relationship. Findings: The number of monetary customers at the last working day [adjusted odds ratio (AOR): 1.87, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.50-2.32] and having sexual relationship during the past month with monetary customers (AOR: 4.77, 95% CI: 2.61-8.70) were significantly related to the level of drug use before or during sexual relationship in the past month. Conclusion: Since the level of drug use before or during sexual relationship was higher in women who had more daily sexual relationships, these women are exposed to the consequences of drug use; thus, identifying the status of this group of women is important to plan for future injuries.- انتشار مقاله: 22-02-1398
- نویسندگان: Atiyeh Kamel-Khodabandeh,Moghaddameh Mirzaee,Yunes Jahani,Hamid Sharifi
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Addiction and Health
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Methadone,Cost-benefit analysis,maintenance,Therapeutics,HIV
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background: Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) is one of the greatest social health problems in many communities in the twenty-first century. Methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) could decrease HIV infection among injection drug users (IDU). The main aim of this paper was to determine the cost-effectiveness of the governmental MMT program to prevent human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection among IDU.Methods: This analytical study was performed through a before-after assessment during a one-year period. Using census sampling, 251 IDU referred to the public MMT program of Kerman, Iran, were selected. The expenditures of MMT centers were calculated in the view of government (public sector). The cost-effectiveness was calculated using TreeAge software.Findings: MMT centers averted 86 new cases of HIV infection. The total cost of centers was US$471 per client in the year. The share of IDU from current expenditures was 35% and from capital expenditures was 32%. Also, methadone per capita for each person who injected drug was US$514. Per capita expenditure of HIV drug treatment was estimated US$8535 per year. Incremental cost effectiveness ratio (ICER) was US$2856 per year, which means governmental MMT program is cost-effective according to the World Health Organization (WHO) criteria.Conclusion: MMT centers are cost-effective in preventing HIV infection and the access to this program should be facilitated for IDU.
- انتشار مقاله: 13-04-1396
- نویسندگان: Sirus Pourkhajoei,Mohsen Barouni,Alireza Noroozi,Ahmad Hajebi,Saeed Amini,Mohammad Karamouzian,Hamid Sharifi
- مشاهده