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کاربرد نوع شرط:
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Archives of Bone and Joint Surgery
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Systematic review,Resource Allocation,Medical Ethics,Technological-Disaster,Duty of care,mandatory Evacuation
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Ethical issues in Technological disaster: A systematic review of literature
Introduction: Industrialization could bring risk of Technological Disaster (TD) such as happened in Chernobyl, Bhopal and Fukushima crisis. little has been discussed about its related ethical issues. In this study, we aimed to investigate ethical issues have been stated for technological disasters.
Material and Methods: A systematic search was conducted on the main international literature databases including Pubmed, Embase, Scopus and ISI (Jan 1, 2000 to March 30, 2014). From 64 articles were eligible for investigation of ethical issues in Natural disaster, 6 was related to Technological Disaster. The articles were in English language.
Result: Our result show that there are six articles discussing ethical issues during Technological disaster. All of them are related to nuclear crisis in Fukushima resulting from Japan tsunami 2011. These articles discussed mainly three ethical issues in providing medical care to victims of Technological Disasters as follow: 1- Duty of care 2- Mandatory evacuation and Resource Allocation.
Conclusion: Victim health is the main factor for making decision and implementation of any programs during response to disasters. Mandatory Evacuation for reasons other than providing health to people (such as: maintain public order) and if bring health risk to people will be unjustified. Duty of health workers for providing care is based on General beneficence meanwhile it is necessary to provide facilities to protect them from dangers that treat them in the field. For act ethically, Health workers must have adequate preparedness for response to T-D meanwhile it is necessary to provide guidelines for individuals that participation in relief operation. It is necessary to discuss more about Technological Disaster Ethics especially in industrial countries and where there is especial industrial with potential of huge crises.- انتشار مقاله: 17-12-1395
- نویسندگان: Ali Khaji,Bagher Larijani,Seyed Mohammad Ghodsi,Mohammad Ali Mohagheghi,Hamid Reza Khankeh,Soheil Saadat,Seyed Mahmoud Tabatabaei,Davoud Khorasani-Zavareh
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Archives of Bone and Joint Surgery
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Systematic review,Resource Allocation,Medical Ethics,Technological-Disaster,Duty of care,mandatory Evacuation
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Ethical issues in Technological disaster: A systematic review of literature
Introduction: Industrialization could bring risk of Technological Disaster (TD) such as happened in Chernobyl, Bhopal and Fukushima crisis. little has been discussed about its related ethical issues. In this study, we aimed to investigate ethical issues have been stated for technological disasters.
Material and Methods: A systematic search was conducted on the main international literature databases including Pubmed, Embase, Scopus and ISI (Jan 1, 2000 to March 30, 2014). From 64 articles were eligible for investigation of ethical issues in Natural disaster, 6 was related to Technological Disaster. The articles were in English language.
Result: Our result show that there are six articles discussing ethical issues during Technological disaster. All of them are related to nuclear crisis in Fukushima resulting from Japan tsunami 2011. These articles discussed mainly three ethical issues in providing medical care to victims of Technological Disasters as follow: 1- Duty of care 2- Mandatory evacuation and Resource Allocation.
Conclusion: Victim health is the main factor for making decision and implementation of any programs during response to disasters. Mandatory Evacuation for reasons other than providing health to people (such as: maintain public order) and if bring health risk to people will be unjustified. Duty of health workers for providing care is based on General beneficence meanwhile it is necessary to provide facilities to protect them from dangers that treat them in the field. For act ethically, Health workers must have adequate preparedness for response to T-D meanwhile it is necessary to provide guidelines for individuals that participation in relief operation. It is necessary to discuss more about Technological Disaster Ethics especially in industrial countries and where there is especial industrial with potential of huge crises.- انتشار مقاله: 17-12-1395
- نویسندگان: Ali Khaji,Bagher Larijani,Seyed Mohammad Ghodsi,Mohammad Ali Mohagheghi,Hamid Reza Khankeh,Soheil Saadat,Seyed Mahmoud Tabatabaei,Davoud Khorasani-Zavareh
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Journal of Advances in Medical Education and Professionalism
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی:
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Introduction: Identity is formed through our understanding ofourselves and what others perceive of our actions and how we dothings. Formation of professional identity includes development,advancement and socialization through social learning of specificknowledge and skills obtained within the context of professionalroles, new attitudes and values.Methods: This qualitative study used content analysis approachto explain the professionalization process of 22 social workersworking in 14 public hospitals in Tehran based on theirexperiences. The data were collected through semi-structuredinterviews, observation and writing in the field.Results: Eleven categories and three themes of entry into theprofession, identity formation, and identity ownership wereextracted out of data analysis. Revealing the process, barriers andfacilitators of professionalization of hospital social workers wasthe results of this study.Conclusion: Certain individual characteristics were factorsfor the tendency of participants to choose this profession. Theparticipants’ understanding of their profession was formed, whenstudying in the university through learning relevant knowledge,skills, views and professional expectations. Achieving a singleidentity and professional pride and self-esteem are achievementsof identity ownership.Keywords: Content analysis, Hospital, Social worker, Professionalism
- انتشار مقاله: 13-10-1396
- نویسندگان: MALIHEH KHALVATI,HOSSEIN FEKRAZAD,MARYAM RAFATJAH,LEILA OSTADHASHEMI,HAMID REZA KHANKEH
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Journal of Advances in Medical Education and Professionalism
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی:
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Introduction: In medical education, particularly in residencycourses, most of the training occurs in real clinical environments.Workplace-based learning profoundly affects students’ knowledge,attitudes, and practice; therefore, it should be properly planned.Due to the extensiveness of the clinical environment and itsimportance in training residents, investigating how residentslearn in these environments and detecting factors that influenceeffectiveness will help curriculum designers to promoteresidents’ learning by improving their learning environment.Therefore, our qualitative content analysis study, aimed to examinethe experiences and perspectives of internal and surgical residentsand their attending physicians about learning in clinical settings.Methods: This qualitative content analysis study was conductedthrough purposeful sampling. Semi-structured interviews wereconducted with 15 internal and surgical residents and 15 of theirattending physicians at educational hospitals of Tehran Universityof Medical Sciences.Results: The main categories explored in this study were hiddencurriculum, learning resources, and learning conditions. In thecontext of clinical environment and under its individual culture,residents learn professionalism and learn to improve theircommunication skills with patients and colleagues. Because ofclinical obligations such as priority of treating the patients foreducation or workload of the attending physicians, residentsacquire most of their practical knowledge from colleagues, fellows,or follow-up patients in different learning conditions (such as:educational rounds, morning reports and outpatient clinics). Theysee some of their attending physicians as role models.Conclusion: Changing cultural and contextual factors is ofprime importance to promote a learning-oriented environmentin a clinical setting. The present findings will help curriculumplanners and attending physicians to improve residents’ learningby means of appropriate workplace planning and by consideringthe components involved in clinical learning.Keywords: Learning; Teaching hospitals; Workplace; Curriculum; Medical students
- انتشار مقاله: 19-12-1394
- نویسندگان: ALIREZA ESTEGHAMATI,HAMIDREZA BARADARAN,ALIREZA MONAJEMI,HAMID REZA KHANKEH,MEHRNAZ GERANMAYEH
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Journal of Advances in Medical Education and Professionalism
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی:
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Introduction: Continuing Medical Education (CME) has beenconsidered as a lifelong commitment for doctors to provide theoptimal care for patients. Despite a long history of creating CMEprograms, outcomes are far from ideal. The present qualitativestudy aims to clarify the barriers affecting effectiveness of the CMEprograms in Iran based on the experiences of general practitioners.Methods: Sixteen general practitioners were recruited toparticipate in in-depth interviews and field observationsconcerning experiences with CME. The study was performedusing a qualitative content analysis method. The codes, categoriesand themes were explored through an inductive process in whichthe researchers moved from specific to general.Results: The participants’ experiences identified a numberof barriers, particularly insufficient interaction with theinstructors; additional problems included the teachers’ use ofan undifferentiated approach; unreal and abstract CME; andignorance of the diverse reasons to participate in CME.Conclusion: Based on the study results, there are multiple barriers toeffective implementation of CME in Iran. The key barriers includeinsufficient interaction between the trainees and providers, whichmust be considered by other stakeholders and program designers.Such interactions would facilitate improved program design, invitemore specific tailoring of the education to the participants, allow formore effective educational methods and set the stage for outcomeevaluation from the learners actually applying their new knowledgein practice. Replication of these findings with another sample wouldimprove confidence in these recommendations, but these findingsare broadly consistent with findings in the educational literature onimproving the efficacy of CME.Keywords: Continuing medical education; General practitioners; Qualitative study
- انتشار مقاله: 19-12-1394
- نویسندگان: SEYED ALIAKBAR FAGHIHI,HAMID REZA KHANKEH,SEYED JALIL HOSSEINI,SEYED KAMRAN SOLTANI ARABSHAHI,ZAHRA FAGHIH,SAGAR V. PARIKH,MANDANA SHIRAZI
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: International Journal of Community Based Nursing and Midwifery
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: content analysis,Family caregivers,Stroke survivors,Everyday life
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: BackgroundStroke is an unexpected major life incident that effect on physical functioning and can lead to changes in lifestyle and inability to manage self care, work or leisure. To explore the everyday life situation as experienced by stroke survivors, and their family caregivers, this study was conducted 3-6 month after stroke.MethodsTwelve stroke survivors and thirteen family caregivers were interviewed and a qualitative content analysis was conducted to analyze data. ResultsThe results were categorized into two central themes that were identified as; (1) Being challenged by changes in everyday life situation including; the struggle with physical dysfunctions, inappropriate daily plan for leisure activities, changes in mood, being faced with economical problems and being worried about changing roles (2) striving to cope with new conditions including; trying to preserve self-worth, seeking to support from spirituality, learning and re-learning and regaining independency. ConclusionPhysical dysfunction was the major concern for both the survivors and their family caregivers in their everyday life situation. This problem led to, and forced them, to be dependent on others. Training is needed to teach stroke survivors and their families strategies of how to cope with and overcome ongoing challenges of everyday life after stroke and to re-organize their lives and improve skills of the survivors to deal with the new situation at home.A daily plan for spending their time and leisure activities would ease this work. More investigation will be needed to clarify the process of life after stroke to cover this gap.
- انتشار مقاله: 15-05-1392
- نویسندگان: Asghar Dalvandi,Hamid Reza Khankeh,Sirkka-Liisa Ekman,Sadat Seyed Bagher Maddah,Kristiina Heikkilä
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: cancer,Stress,pediatric oncology,social worker,burn out
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background: As professionals, social workers have a special position in relation to considering the needs of
children with cancer and their families. Hence, it is important to recognize the experiences and challenges of social
workers to improve care of their clients. Method: This study was a qualitative content analysis that aimed to determine
a comprehensive understanding of pediatric oncology social workers’ experiences in Iran. In total, 19 social workers
participated in the study. A purposeful sampling method was applied until reaching data saturation. Data were collected
using semi-structured interviews and field observations. Then, the gathered data were analyzed through face content
analysis. The study lasted from 2015 to 2017. Finding: Concepts extracted from social workers’ experiences consisted
of the nature of oncology work, lack of professional competence, low organizational support and professional inferiority
that were related to main concept of “exhausting and stressful service”. The results indicated that social workers’
involvement in stressful and emotionally demanding situations and facing with professional and organizational
challenges caused personal exhaustion. Conclusion: In addition to explaining the social workers’ experiences and
related factors, the results emphasize the importance of taking care of service providers to prevent them becoming
stressed and exhausted. It is also important to protect patients from the consequences of stressed and exhausted care
providers so further research is recommended to develop specific intervention.- انتشار مقاله: 28-11-1397
- نویسندگان: Leila Ostadhashemi,Maliheh Arshi,Maliheh Khalvati,Mostafa Eghlima,Hamid Reza Khankeh
- مشاهده