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کاربرد نوع شرط:
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Cutaneous Leishmaniasis,Meta-Analysis,Paromomycin
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background: Some treatment reported for cutaneous leishmaniasis. The studies examined the impact of the paromomycin has different characteristics and results. The aim of the present study was to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of all randomized clinical trials evaluating the effectiveness of paromomycin in the treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Iran.Methods: Literature search was conducted using MEDLINE, Web of Science, Scopus, Scientific Information Database, IranMedex, Magiran, Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (from February 2000 to May 2016), and references cited in the text of selected studies. Search terms used were “paromomycin”, “cutaneous leishmaniasis”, “randomized”,” aminosidine”, “controlled trial”, and “clinical trial”. Random effects models were used to calculate the measure of association, with 95% confidence intervals, to analyze the efficacy of paromomycin in the treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis.Results: Initial search yielded 76 citations. Of these original results, 9 met our specific selection criteria. Four of the randomized controlled trials compared the efficacy of paromomycin in the treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis with that of a placebo; they were included in the meta-analysis. The success rate of treatment with paromomycin was higher than that with the placebo (pooled RR=4.50, 95% CI: 2.54 to 8.02; P=0.001 and I2=26.7%), whereas the difference with the non-placebo treatments was nonsignificant (pooled RR=0.79, 95% CI: 0.58 to 1.073; P=0.131 and I2=83.3%).Conclusion: No significant difference was observed between paromomycin and the other treatments in their effectiveness in the treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis. Because no single drug is effective against all the forms of leishmaniasis, we suggest multidrug therapy.
- انتشار مقاله: 16-01-1396
- نویسندگان: Rahmatollah Moradzadeh,Parvaneh Golmohammadi,Hami Ashraf,Haidar Nadrian,Mohammad Reza Fakoorziba
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: International Journal of Pediatrics
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Cigarette smoking,attitude,Bayesian Method,Self- Esteem
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background: Different patterns of gender-based relationships between attitude toward smoking and self-esteem with smoking behavior have reported. However, such associations may be much more complex than a simply supposed linear relationship. We aimed to propose a method of providing hand details on the total and gender-based scenarios of the relationships between attitude toward smoking and self-esteem with smoking.
Materials and Methods: A secondary analysis conducted on a data set obtained for a cross-sectional study among 4,905 male and female high school students in Tabriz, Iran (2012). We randomly selected 196 classes in a clustering process and invited all the students in the classes to participate in the study; then, investigated the relationship between smoking with attitude and self-esteem, as explanatory variables. We also found the data to fit a nonlinear functional relationship and to be free from normal condition due to applying Bayesian nonparametric functional latent variable model.
Results: Among all the students, attitude was found as the only variable with conceptual effect on smoking (p<0.05). Among boys, self-esteem showed no conceptual effect on smoking which was in contrast to those found among girls. Smoking among male students with low self-esteem was high, but it was gradually decreasing by rising self-esteem. Among girls, in contrast, smoking was descending by decreasing self-esteem.
Conclusion: The relationships between self-esteem and attitude with smoking may not be necessarily linear. Being at the high levels of self-esteem among boys may lead to the reduced levels of smoking, and among girls may result in the increased level of the behavior.- انتشار مقاله: 06-08-1396
- نویسندگان: Mohammad Taghi Khodayari,Alireza Abadi,Ahmad Reza Baghestani,Mohammad Asghari Jafarabadi,Asghar Mohammad Poor Asl,Haidar Nadrian
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Addiction and Health
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Methadone,Opium dependence,Intensive care units
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background: The worldwide trend of hookah use among adolescents is increasing, and literature shows a
relationship between obscenity and adolescents’ tendency toward hookah smoking. As there is a lack of
appropriate instruments to measure the obscenity of hookah smoking, in the present study, we aimed to
develop an instrument to measure hookah smoking obscenity among adolescents.
Methods: In this methodological study, a sequential exploratory design was used to conduct the study from
February 2017 to July 2018 on adolescents in Tabriz, Iran. In the qualitative phase, we conducted semistructured individual interviews (with 18 students) and a focus group discussion (FGD) (with 13 students) to
explain the concept of obscenity and develop the items of hookah smoking obscenity scale (HSOS). We then
examined the psychometric properties of the HSOS based on face, content, construct and predictive validities
as well as internal consistency and repeatability.
Findings: The HSOS was developed with 21 items based on the results of qualitative data analysis. Applying
confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), the χ2/degree of freedom (df) ratio was found to be 3.792 for the fourfactor structure of the questionnaire and the fit indices of this structural model were satisfactory. The values
of Cronbach’s alpha and the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) for the constructs in the HSOS ranged
0.81-0.93 and 0.79-0.92, respectively.
Conclusion: We found the HSOS with a good level of fit indices, validity, and reliability. The HSOS may be
applied by school healthcare providers and health practitioners to find valid and reliable data on the
obscenity of hookah smoking when developing hookah smoking prevention/cessation interventions among
adolescents.
- انتشار مقاله: 07-04-1399
- نویسندگان: Khadijeh Keshavarzian,Haidar Nadrian,Hamid Allahverdipour,Asghar Mohammadpoorasl
- مشاهده