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کاربرد نوع شرط:
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: VETERINARY RESEARCH FORUM
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Iran,Dog,Seroprevalence,Avian H9N2 Influenza Virus,Hemagglutination Inhibition
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Influenza is a highly contagious zoonotic disease in the world. Avian H9N2 influenza virus is a significant pandemic pathogen widely distributed throughout the world. Pet ownership has been documented as a risk factor for infection transmission to human. Considering major public health concern, the prevalence of antibodies against avian H9N2 influenza virus was evaluated in 170 serum samples of dogs by hemagglutination inhibition assay. This study is the first survey to assess the epidemiology of avian H9N2 influenza virus infection in dogs in Kerman, southeast of Iran. Out of 170 samples, 65 (38.23%) were positive for H9N2. Antibodies were higher in farm dogs that were kept with other animals and also in dogs were fed a raw diet. These findings emphasize the importance of close attention to these populations for control and prevention programs. It is important to reduce infection burden, especially in regions with widespread distribution of H9N2.
- انتشار مقاله: 22-03-1397
- نویسندگان: Mehdi Saberi,Hadi Tavakkoli,Ali Najmaddini,Mahdieh Rezaei
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Journal of Kerman University of Medical Sciences
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Chicken,skin,Metronidazole,fetus,Histopathologic
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background: Metronidazole is categorized in pharmacological group C and few researches have been conducted about its pathological effects on the human fetus. Since the embryogenesis in chicken is similar to that in human beings, in the current study, the toxic effects of this drug on embryo skin and integument tissues were assessed using a chicken embryo model. Method: The experiment was done on 36 fertilized Ross 308 eggs with the mean egg-weight of (54.4 ± 0.8g). The embryos of the control group received sterile phosphate buffered saline solution into the yolk sac on day 4 of the growing period. The embryos of the two treatment groups received metronidazole at dosages of 50 and 100 mg per Kg body-weight, respectively. The pathological effects of the drug on the embryos’ skin and integument tissues were evaluated using macroscopic and histopathologic studies. Results: According to the results, metronidazole has adverse effects on the embryo skin and integument tissues during embryonic development. Macroscopic evaluation of the organs revealed white nodules, of about 1mm in diameter, on the skin surface of the embryos. Histopathological effects of the drug consisted of hyperkeratosis, degeneration of the integument tissues and detachment from the epidermis. Conclusion: Based on the obtained results, it is concluded that consumption of metronidazole during pregnancy can cause adverse effects on the skin and integument tissues of the human fetus. Therefore, the drug should only be given during pregnancy when benefits outweigh its risks.
- انتشار مقاله: 13-06-1395
- نویسندگان: Hadi Tavakkoli,Reza Kheirandish,Zeynab Moradi
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Journal of Kerman University of Medical Sciences
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Influenza,H9N2,Embryo,Amantadine,Histopathologic
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background & Aims: Various antiviral drugs such as amantadine are used to treat influenza. This drug is categorized in group C and few researches have been conducted about its toxic effects on human fetus. In the current study, the pathologic effects of the drug as well as drug efficacy in reducing influenza virus titer in the developing chicken embryo were assessed.
Method: The experiment was done on 48 fertilized eggs. Amantadine and allantoic fluid containing 105 EID50/ml of H9N2 virus were inoculated into the egg albumen, then, the pathologic effects of the drug on embryos were evaluated using macroscopic and histopathologic examinations. Drug efficacy in reducing influenza virus titer, was also assessed using the hemagglutination test.
Results: The study showed that amantadine has adverse effect on the survival, growth, weight and internal organs during embryonic development. Histopathological examinations of the internal organs showed that pathological effects of the drug occurred in the organs, including lungs, heart, liver, kidney and brain. Furthermore, it was found that amantadine can to reduce the replication of H9N2 virus and increases the viability of the embryo.
Conclusion: As regards to the endemic condition of the H9N2 virus in Iran and the possibility of virus transmission to human, the utilization of amantadine is inevitable, however, the hazard of the drug for human embryo must be taken seriously.- انتشار مقاله: 16-09-1394
- نویسندگان: Amin Derakhshanfar,Hadi Tavakkoli
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Journal of Kerman University of Medical Sciences
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Influenza,H9N2,budgerigar,Zoonoses
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background & Aims: The H9N2 avian influenza subtype is endemic in many parts of Iran and has the ability to transmit from bird to human. In the present study, the risk of this subtype for humans was assessed by determination of the viral titer and shedding time in bird. Method: The experiment was done on fifteen male budgerigars at 4 months of age. The birds were inoculated intranasally with allantoic fluid containing 106 EID50/ml of H9N2 virus. At days 1,3,5 and 7 post inoculation, viral presence and titer in the pharynx and cloacal were determined using TaqMan-real time-PCR. Results:The study showed that following infection of companion birds, viral shedding from pharyngeal and cloacal secretions can start one day after infection continued up to 7 days. In the early days, the viral titer in pharyngeal secretions is very high and reduces over time, while in the dropping of affected bird, it is low in the early days and increases, over time. Maximum viral shedding in the pharyngeal and fecal exertion was seen on days 3 and 5, respectively. Conclusion: The results of the present study showed that the H9N2 subtype sheds from pharyngeal and cloacal secretions and releases in the environment. Due to the zoonotic nature of the influenza disease and the increasing tendency of people to keep birds, informing the public about the disease, duration of shedding, risk for human and strategies of disease prevention is necessary.
- انتشار مقاله: 24-07-1396
- نویسندگان: Hadi Tavakkoli,Ahmad Khosravi,Seyede Saideh Mosallanejad
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Journal of Kerman University of Medical Sciences
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Influenza,H9N2,budgerigar,Zoonoses
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background & Aims: The H9N2 avian influenza subtype is endemic in many parts of Iran and has the ability to transmit from bird to human. In the present study, the risk of this subtype for humans was assessed by determination of the viral titer and shedding time in bird. Method: The experiment was done on fifteen male budgerigars at 4 months of age. The birds were inoculated intranasally with allantoic fluid containing 106 EID50/ml of H9N2 virus. At days 1,3,5 and 7 post inoculation, viral presence and titer in the pharynx and cloacal were determined using TaqMan-real timePCR. Results:The study showed that following infection of companion birds, viral shedding from pharyngeal and cloacal secretions can start one day after infection continued up to 7 days. In the early days, the viral titer in pharyngeal secretions is very high and reduces over time, while in the dropping of affected bird, it is low in the early days and increases, over time. Maximum viral shedding in the pharyngeal and fecal exertion was seen on days 3 and 5, respectively. Conclusion: The results of the present study showed that the H9N2 subtype sheds from pharyngeal and cloacal secretions and releases in the environment. Due to the zoonotic nature of the influenza disease and the increasing tendency of people to keep birds, informing the public about the disease, duration of shedding, risk for human and strategies of disease prevention is necessary.
- انتشار مقاله: 24-04-1395
- نویسندگان: Hadi Tavakkoli,Ahmad Khosravi,Seyede Saideh Mosallanejad
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Iranian Journal of Veterinary Surgery
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Angiogenesis,Chorioallantoic membrane,enrofloxacin
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Objective- Because little information was available in the literature about the angiogenic property of enrofloxacin, this investigation was undertaken to evaluate this aspect using an in vivomodel.
Design- Experimental study.
Animals- Twenty fertile chicken eggs (Ross 308) with the average egg-weight of 55 ± 0.4 g were randomly divided into experimental and control groups.
Procedures- Agar pellets were prepared with enrofloxacin concentrations at a dosage of 10 mg/Kg egg-weight. A window was carved on the eggshell and drug-impregnated pellet applied on day 8 of incubation on the surface of the chick chorioallantoic membrane. The response of vascular plexus to the drug application was evaluated.
Results- Our results showed that enrofloxacin decrease angiogenesis as shown by a reduction in the morphometric parameters of vascular plexus including total vessel's length, the number of vascular branch, vascular complexity and capillary density (p<0.05).
Conclusion and Clinical Relevance- Based on findings, it is suggested that enrofloxacin offer a new class of anti-angiogenic agents that might augment the drugs available for the clinical treatment of angiogenesis related diseases.- انتشار مقاله: 27-05-1394
- نویسندگان: Hadi Tavakkoli,Javad Tajik,Mahdi Zeinali
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Chicken,Pathology,Berberis vulgaris,Embryo,fetus,Berberidacea
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Toxicopathological effects of herbs have always been a major concern. There is scant information available about the toxicopathological effects of barberry in the fetus. Since the embryogenesis in chicken is similar to human beings, the objective of this study is to evaluate the lesions of the various dosages of Berberis vulgaris using a chicken embryonic model. Fertile chicken eggs were divided into four equal treatment groups; phosphate buffered saline-injected group and barberry-injected groups whose individuals were injected with Berberis vulgaris fruit-extract at dosages of 10, 50 and 100 mg per Kg egg-weight, respectively. Embryos were re-incubated post-treatment and allowed to develop until day 18, after which they were examined for macroscopic and microscopic lesions. Results showed that embryos were stunted in the barberry-injected groups. Defect in feather growth and general congestion was accompanied by pathological changes in brain, liver, kidney, heart and lung. Histopathological lesions include congestion, hemorrhage, edema and micro-thrombosis in the affected organs. Based on findings, it is concluded that Berberis vulgaris at the above-mentioned concentrations is toxic to the chicken embryo in a dose dependent manner. Further studies are needed to clarify the toxic effects of this herb on the development of human fetus.
- انتشار مقاله: 26-07-1395
- نویسندگان: Amin Derakhshanfar,Hadi Tavakkoli
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: International Journal of Nutrition Sciences
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Embryo,fetus,VEGF-A,Calotropis procera,Vasculogenesis
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background: Calotropis procera Aiton (C. procera) is used in folk medicine to cure various diseases. However, the use of herbs in human medicine is sometimes associated with adverse effects. Chick embryo is a preclinical model relevant to assess adverse effects of drugs and herbs. Therefore, the current study aimed to assess the alteration of vascular branching patterns in the chick’s extra-embryonic membrane following C. procera treatment. Besides, the alteration in molecular cues involved in early embryonic vasculogenesis, such as vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) was also quantified.
Methods: In an experimental study, 30 fertile chicken eggs were divided into three equal treatment groups; sham control, and C. procera-treated groups whose cases were treated with C. procera extract at doses of 50 or 100 mg per kg of egg weight.
Results: Quantification of extra-embryonic membrane vasculature showed that anti-vasculogenic effect of the herbal extract was revealed by a reduction in vessels area, total vessels length, vascular branch and increased lacunarity. The alterations were made in a dose-dependent manner. The relative expression levels of VEGF-A mRNA was also decreased in the herbal-exposed extra-embryonic membrane.
Conclusion: Concerns about the side effect of C. procera during pregnancy were confirmed by data presented in this study. We concluded that altered early vascular development and gene expression might eventually lead to developmental defects in embryo following C. procera consumption.Therefore, the use of this herb must be limited at the time of fetal growth especially at the dosage higher than 50 mg per kg.- انتشار مقاله: 19-05-1397
- نویسندگان: Hadi Tavakkoli,Amin Derakhshanfar,Javad Moayedi,Ali Poostforoosh Fard,Somayeh Behrouz,Mohammad Amin Piltan,Mohammad Navid Soltani Rad
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: International Journal of Advanced Biological and Biomedical Research
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Chicken,Histopathology,Embryo,Triaminohexanoic acid
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Objective: In recent years, amino acids are used in veterinary medicine for many purposes. They injected into hatching eggs to increase chick body weight and performance at hatch, but the adverse effects of amino acids have always been a major concern. There is scant information available about the pathological alterations of amino acids in the chicken embryonated eggs. The objective of this study was to investigate the pathological alterations of triaminohexanoic acid for chicken embryo. Methods: Fertile chicken eggs were divided into two equal treatment groups as follows: phosphate buffered saline-injected group and triaminohexanoic-injected group whose individuals were injected with a triaminohexanoic acid solution at a dosage of 10 mg per Kg egg-weight. Embryos were re-incubated post-treatment and allowed to develop until day 18 after which; they were examined for macroscopic lesions. Results: Results showed that embryos were normal in all treatment groups. Macroscopically, no lesions were also diagnosed in tissues. Based on macroscopic findings, it is concluded that triaminohexanoic acid at above-mentioned concentration is not toxic for the chicken embryo. Therefore, triaminohexanoic acid egg-injection can be used for increasing chick performance at hatch without any adverse effect.
- انتشار مقاله: 14-06-1394
- نویسندگان: Seyede Saeedeh Mosallanejad,Hadi Tavakkoli,Sajedeh Salandari
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: International Journal of Advanced Biological and Biomedical Research
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Chicken,Histopathology,Copper sulfate,Embryo
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Objective: Fungal agents cause disease in virtually any susceptible hosts. In the poultry production and medicine, pathogens were eliminated from a line of a breeder by injection of antifungals into hatching eggs. There is little information available describing the safety of the antifungal drugs on the birds embryonated eggs. The objective of this study was to investigate the efficiency of the injection ofcopper sulfate solution on the chicken embryonated egg. Methods: Fertile chicken eggs were distributed into 3 groups and set in the incubator. On 4th day post incubation, two groups were injected with the copper sulfate solution, 5 and 10 mg per Kg egg-weight, dissolved in 0.5 ml phosphate buffered saline. The rest group was used as sham control (0.5 ml phosphate buffered saline solution). Results: Macroscopic evaluationon 18th day post incubation showed that embryos were normal in all treatment groups. Microscopically, no lesions were also diagnosed in the brain, heart, muscle, liver, kidney and lung of the embryos. Based on macroscopic and microscopic findings, it is concluded that copper sulfate at above-mentioned concentration is not toxic for the chicken embryo at the stage of development. So, copper sulfate egg-injection can be used toeliminate fungal agentswithout any adverse effect.
- انتشار مقاله: 23-12-1393
- نویسندگان: Hadi Tavakkoli,Sajedeh Salandari,Seyede Saeedeh Mosallanejad
- مشاهده