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کاربرد نوع شرط:
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Pure Life
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Cyberspace,Communication with Non-Mahrams,Imami jurisprudence
- چکیده: در عصر حاضر، رایانه و اینترنت به عنوان فناوری های جدید رسانه ای از جایگاه بالایی میان جوامع بشری و به تبع آن در کشورهای اسلامی برخوردارند؛ از جمله رویدادهای روزمره در بستر اینترنت و فضای مجازی، ارتباطات گسترده کاربران با یکدیگر است که با عنایت به اینکه اصل ارتباط با نامحرم در بستر فضای واقعی و ملموس از لحاظ شرعی واضح بوده و حدود آن نیز در شرع مشخص است؛ مسئله قابل تأمل در این پژوهش، تبیین دیدگاه فقه پیرامون ارتباط با نامحرم در بستر فضای مجازی بوده است.
با این وصف هدف از پژوهش حاضر، بررسی مقتضای تحریم ارتباط با نا محرم در فضای مجازی است. این پژوهش که به روش توصیفی صورت گرفته، پس از بررسی فرایند ارتباط و نحوه تعامل در محیط مجازی، انحا و صور معاشرت بیان شده را از دیدگاه فقه امامبه مورد فحص و بررسی قرار داده است.- چکیده انگلیسی: Today, computers and the Internet, as new media technologies, have a high status among human societies and, consequently, in Islamic countries; One of the daily events in the context of the Internet and cyberspace is the extensive communication of users with each other, considering that the principle of communication with non-mahrams in the context of real and tangible space is clearly religious and its limits are clear in sharia; The issue to be considered in this research is to explain the view of jurisprudence regarding the relationship with non-mahrams in the context of cyberspace.
However, the purpose of this study is to investigate the need for non-confidential communication in cyberspace. This research, which has been done in a descriptive way, after examining the process of communication and how to interact in the virtual environment, has examined and examined the manner and forms of socialization expressed from the perspective of Imambeh jurisprudence.- انتشار مقاله: 23-06-1396
- نویسندگان: Hadi Jafarian,Mohammad Samieiani
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Pure Life
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: children,Religious beliefs,Training,Virtual Training,Gender Education,Family-Oriented Education
- چکیده: ورود فناوری به عرصه اطلاعات و ارتباطات تمام ابعاد زندگی بشری را متحول نموده تا جایی که انتقال داده های آموزشی با پذیرش رویکرد مدرن و حذف نمودن بسیاری از محدودیت های معمول در آموزش فیزیکی، به صورت الکترونیکی و از طریق محیط مجازی ارائه می گردد. بدین ترتیب، تحقیق حاضر تأثیر آموزش مجازی در بیان مفاهیم دینی برای کودکان را مورد تحلیل قرار داده و تأثیر آن بر باورهای دینی گروه پیش گفته را مورد ارزیابی قرار داده است. ابزار گردآوری داده ها، پرسشنامه چهارسطحی برگرفته از پرسشنامه باورهای دینی گلاک و استارک بوده که میان 82 نفر از والدین فرزندان 12-7 سال کارکنان شاغل در نیروی انتظامی استان چهارمحال و بختیاری تقسیم گردید.
اجرای این پژوهش با اتخاذ روش توصیفی- ارزشیابی، به صورت نیمه آزمایشی و از نوع پیش آزمون- پس آزمون بوده و جهت تجزیه و تحلیل داده ها از آمار استنباطی شامل آزمون T همبسته استفاده شده است.
نتایج تحقیق نشان می دهد مؤلفه های نگرش و اعتقادات دینی، اطلاعات دینی، اعمال و تجارب دینی از سوی فرزندان ارتقای بسزایی نسبت به قبل از برگزاری آموزش مجازی داشته است؛ اما این روش آموزشی تأثیری بر انجام فرائض- واجبات- و ترک محرمات دینی نداشته است.- چکیده انگلیسی: The entry of technology into the field of information and communication has transformed all aspects of human life to the extent that the transfer of educational data is accepted electronically and through a virtual environment by adopting a modern approach and removing many common limitations in physical education. Thus, the present study analyzed the effect of virtual education on the expression of religious concepts for children and evaluated its effect on the religious beliefs of the aforementioned group. Data collection tool was a four-level questionnaire taken from the Glock and Stark questionnaire of religious beliefs, which was distributed among 82 parents of children aged 7-12 years working in the police force of Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province.
The implementation of this research was by adopting a descriptive-evaluation method, semi-experimental and pre-test-post-test, and inferential statistics including correlated t-test were used to analyze the data.
The results show that the components of religious attitudes and beliefs, religious information, religious practices and experiences by children have improved significantly compared to before the virtual education; But this educational method has not had any effect on performing duties and abandoning religious taboos.- انتشار مقاله: 23-06-1396
- نویسندگان: Hadi Jafarian,Hisam O Al-Din Moayedian
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Journal of Kerman University of Medical Sciences
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Aspergillus,Fusarium,Fungal colonization,Fungal infections,Pediatric hematologic disorders
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background & Aims: Fungal infections are among the most common life threatening conditions in patients with hematologic malignancies. The present study was carried out on children hospitalized in Amir Oncology Hospital of Shiraz, Iran, in order to determine the prevalence of fungal infections and respective susceptibility patterns to prophylactic antifungal therapies. Methods: Colonization was investigated in patients and the samples from patients with suspected infections were cultured. Mold fungal species were determined using lacto phenol cotton blue smear and yeasts through germ tube test, and sugar fermentation was performed through analytical profile index (API) method. In addition, broth microdilution technique was used to determine susceptibility. Results: Based on the results, 46.8% of all patients (196 patients) were colonized with Candida spp. As revealed, 14 oral candidiasis cases were detected with Candida albicans, Candida tropicalis, and Candida krusieas the respective etiologic agents. In addition, there were 10 proven, 13 probable, and 13 possible cases of fungal infection. The etiologic fungal agents included Candida spp., Aspergillus spp., Mucor, Fusarium, and Alternaria. Conclusion: Considering the prevalence rates of fungal infections and susceptibility patterns of pathogenic fungi isolated from the patients in the region, the prevention and treatment of systemic fungal diseases is facilitated.
- انتشار مقاله: 23-04-1395
- نویسندگان: Parisa Badiei,Pedram Hadadi,Soheila Zareifar,Hadis Jafarian
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Journal of Emergency Practice and Trauma
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Wounds,Gunshot,Shotgun,Victims,Gunshot firearms
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Objective: Determination of victim’s clothes in gunshot wounds is important due to the necessity of immediate workup in the emergency room as well as the legal aspects of cases. The aim of this study is to evaluate the importance of victim’s clothes in gunshot wounds referred to autopsy hall of legal medicine bureau of Tehran, Iran from 2014 to 2017.
Methods: In this analytical comparative study, 202 consecutive cadavers of gunshot victims, referred to Tehran Legal Medical Hall from 2014 to 2017, were enrolled and the effect of shotgun and gunshot wound were determined and compared. Data were collected using a researcher-made questionnaire. The significance level of the tests was considered as P < 0.05. Spearman correlation coefficient and chi-square tests were used accordingly. The data were analyzed using SPSS software version 22.
Results: In this study, all women were killed by gunshot. Also, all of the 26 people who were killed by shotgun were men. The mean of age only in males was 39-48 years for shotgun, and 29-38 years in both genders for gunshot. Evaluation of their clothes in the emergency room and autopsy hall was helpful in 70% of cases in order to determine shot distance and type of gun (P = 0.0001). Conversely, we did not observe a significant difference between sex (P = 0.082) and the pattern of death (P = 0.211).
Conclusion: Based on the obtained results, it seems that some characteristics of victim’s clothes may be useful to differentiate shotgun and gunshot.- انتشار مقاله: 03-01-1399
- نویسندگان: Fares Najari,Hadi Jafari,Ali Mohammad Alimohammadi,Dorsa Najari
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Current Medical Mycology
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Quantification,Real-time PCR,Candida auris
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background and Purpose: Candida auris is an emerging multidrug-resistant pathogen. The identification of this species with the conventional phenotypic or biochemical mycological methods may lead to misidentification. Molecular-based species-specific identification methods such as quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) facilitate a more reliable identification of C. auris than mycological methods. Regarding this, the present study aimed to develop a hydrolysis probe-based qPCR assay for the rapid, accurate identification of C. auris.
Materials and Methods: The internal transcribed spacer 2 regions in the nuclear ribosomal DNA of C. auris and other related yeasts were assayed to find a specific PCR target for C. auris. A 123-base-pair target was selected, and primers and a probe were designed for hydrolysis probe-based real-time PCR with TaqMan chemistry. Ten-fold serial dilutions of C. auris ranging from 106 to 100 CFU/mL were prepared to establish a standard curve to quantify the yeast.
Results: The qPCR assay was able to identify and quantify C. auris with a detection limit of 1 C. auris CFU per reaction. Specificity was confirmed by the non-amplification of the sequences belonging to other Candida species, yeasts, molds, bacteria, or human DNAs. The standard curve of the assay showed a highly significant linearity between threshold values and dilution rates (R2=0.99; slope=−3.42).
Conclusion: The applied qPCR assay facilitated the rapid and accurate identification and quantification of emerging opportunistic C. auris. Therefore, considering the promising test validation results, we succeeded to develop a rapid and accurate hydrolysis probe-based qPCR assay for the screening and identification of C. auris.
- انتشار مقاله: 31-05-1399
- نویسندگان: Hadis Jafarian,Hossein Khodadadi,Parisa Badiee
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Current Medical Mycology
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Candida albicans,Minimum inhibitory concentration,Candidiasis,Amphotericin B
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background and Purpose: Candidiasis is a major fungal infection, and Candida albicans is the major cause of infections
in humans. The Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) developed new breakpoints for antifungal agents
against C. albicans. In this multi-center study, we aimed to determine the drug susceptibility profile of C. albicans,
isolated from Iranian population according to new species-specific CLSI.
Materials and Methods: Clinical samples were cultured on Sabouraud dextrose agar and were incubated at room temperature for seven days. The isolates were transferred to Professor Alborzi Clinical Microbiology Research Center, Shiraz,
Iran. C. albicans were identified by using API 20C AUX system. Broth microdilution method was used to determine
the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of amphotericin B, caspofungin, voriconazole, fluconazole, posaconazole,
itraconazole, and ketoconazole, based on CLSI document M27-S4 and new breakpoints for some azoles and caspofungin.
Results: Overall, 397 C. albicans were isolated from patients admitted to ten university hospitals in Iran. The MIC90
of the isolates to amphotericin B, caspofungin, voriconazole, fluconazole, posaconazole, itraconazole, and ketoconazole
were 0.125, 0.125, 0.125, 1, 0.064, 0.5, and 0.125 μg/ml, and rates of resistance were 0.5%, 0.3%, 3.8%, 2.8%, and 2.5%
for amphotericin B, caspofungin, voriconazole, fluconazole, and itraconazole, respectively.
Conclusion: According to our data, fluconazole is the drug of choice for management of patients at risk for systemic
candidiasis throughout the region, since it is cost-effective with low side effects.- انتشار مقاله: 18-04-1398
- نویسندگان: Parisa Badiee,Hamid Badali,Kambiz Diba,Abdolkarim Ghadimi Moghadam,Ali Hosseininasab,Hadis Jafarian,Rasoul Mohammadi,Hossein Mirhendi,Mohammad Javad Najafzadeh,Ahmad Shamsizadeh,Jafar Soltani
- مشاهده