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کاربرد نوع شرط:
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Reviews in Clinical Medicine
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Antibiotic resistance,Nosocomial infections,Neonatal infections,Cronobacter,Enterobacter species,Pantoea
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Enterobacter spp. is a gram-negative environmental bacterium, which belongs to the Enterobacteriaceae family and is found in water, sewage, soil, and plants. These bacteria are common among humans and animals, and the most frequently isolated species is Enterobacter cloacae. The species of this genus are often opportunistic pathogens with expanding significance in nosocomial infections, particularly in neonates, immunocompromised patients in intensive care units, emergency sections, skin and soft tissue infection wards, and urology wards. With the unexpected and rapid increase in antibiotic resistance in various bacterial species, there has been a new alarm for the health of the human community. Enterobacter species cause pneumonitis, bacteremia, post-neurosurgical meningitis, neonatal meningitis, skin and soft tissue infections, and urinary tract infections. Some of the main risk factors for the occurrence and dissemination of Enterobacter spp. infections are poor hand hygiene, crowding, low birth weight, premature birth, intubation of patients, prolonged hospital stay, contaminated infant formula, intravenous feeding, use of extended-spectrum antibiotics and use of intravenous catheters.
- انتشار مقاله: 24-08-1398
- نویسندگان: Kobra Salimiyan Rizi,Kiarash Ghazvini,Hadi Farsiani
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Reviews in Clinical Medicine
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Peritoneal dialysis,Oral hygiene,Rothia dentocariosa
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Rothia dentocariosa (R. dentocariosa) is a gram-positive bacterium, which is a microorganism that normally resides in the mouth and respiratory tract. R. dentocariosa is known to involve in dental plaques and periodontal diseases. However, it is considered an organism with low pathogenicity and is associated with opportunistic infections. Originally thought not to be pathogenic in humans, R. dentocariosa was first described to cause infections in a 19-year-old female with periappendiceal abscess in 1975. The most prevalent human infections caused by R. dentocariosa include infective endocarditis, bacteremia, endophthalmitis, corneal ulcer, septic arthritis, pneumonia, and peritonitis associated with continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. Three main factors have been reported to increase the risk of the cardiac and extra-cardiac infections caused by R. dentocariosa, including immunocompromised conditions, pre-existing cardiac disorders, and poor oral hygiene. Peritoneal dialysis (PD) may induce peritonitis presumably due to hematogenous spread from gingival or periodontal sources. This case study aimed to describe a former PD patient presenting with peritonitis. Oral hygiene is a basic principle in PD patients for the prevention of peritonitis. It is speculated that our patient might have had an occult oral source of R. dentocariosa.
- انتشار مقاله: 30-11-1397
- نویسندگان: Kobra Salimiyan Rizi,Hadi Farsiani,Kiarash Ghazvini,Masoud Youssefi
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Reviews in Clinical Medicine
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Bacillus Anthracis,zoonotic disease,Cutaneous anthrax
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Bacillus anthracis is an aerobic, gram-positive, and spore-forming Bacillus species. The most common form of anthrax infection is the cutaneous form. The infection usually develops several days after exposure to products of infected animals and manifest as black sore with severe swelling on the skin.
A 52-year-old female with a black and swollen lesion on her index finger presented to Ghaem Hospital, Mashhad, Iran, in October 2015. Biopsy and swab culture were performed immediately. Cutaneous anthrax was characterized by microscopic examination of B. anthracis spore using Gram staining. The patient was then treated with antibiotics after diagnosis.
According to the reports of Provincial Health Center of Khorasan Razavi, northeast of Iran, no cases of anthrax have been reported in humans since 2013. There were neither occupational risk factors, nor any routine predisposing factors for acquiring anthrax in this woman. Although this patient is the first case reported with cutaneous anthrax since the past three years, two cases of sheep anthrax have been reported in Khorasan Razavi Province during 2013-2015. This patient had a history of contact with the skull of a slaughtered sheep. The patient was treated after making correct and rapid diagnosis and sufficient antibiotic therapy.- انتشار مقاله: 06-05-1396
- نویسندگان: Mohsen Karbalaei Zadeh Babaki,Mahdis Ghavidel,Hadi Farsiani,Kiarash Ghazvini
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Reviews in Clinical Medicine
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Nosocomial infection,Acinetobacter spp,Colistin resistance,Elizabethkingia meningoseptica
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Elizabethkingia meningoseptica is an emerging nosocomial gram-negative, rod-shaped pathogen in patients with underlying diseases. This bacterium is also considered to be a major pathogen in hospitalized patients. Some of the main risk factors for E. meningosepticum infections include immunosuppression (e.g., end-stage hepatic and renal diseases) and prematurity in neonates. Furthermore, E. meningosepticum could cause pneumonia, endocarditis, and bacteremia in adults. The uncommon resistance pattern of this bacterium, as well as its intrinsic resistance to colistin, makes the treatment of the associated infections challenging unless the susceptibility patterns are available. In this article, we have presented the first case of pulmonary coinfection with multidrug-resistant (MDR) Acinetobacter spp. and E. meningoseptica in Iran. A 20-year-old female patient was admitted to our hospital with tetralogy of fallot as an underlying disease since childhood. The patient underwent cardiac surgery. On the third postoperative day (POD), the patient developed lung infection and left-lung collapse. Antibiotic therapy was initiated for MDR Acinetobacter spp. obtained from her primary culture of tracheal discharges. When fever persisted in the patient, the secondary culture of her tracheal discharges was observed to be positive for E. meningoseptica. In this case report, no clinical correlations were observed between the E. meningoseptica isolated from respiratory secretions and the primary respiratory infection, suggesting that E. meningoseptica is an indicator of severe underlying diseases rather than an actual pathogen.
- انتشار مقاله: 23-09-1397
- نویسندگان: Kobra Salimiyan Rizi,Hadi Farsiani,Saeid Amel Jamehdar,Mahboubeh Mohammadzadeh
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Reviews in Clinical Medicine
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Peritoneal dialysis,Oral hygiene,Rothia dentocariosa
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Rothia dentocariosa (R. dentocariosa) is a gram-positive bacterium, which is a microorganism that normally resides in the mouth and respiratory tract. R. dentocariosa is known to involve in dental plaques and periodontal diseases. However, it is considered an organism with low pathogenicity and is associated with opportunistic infections. Originally thought not to be pathogenic in humans, R. dentocariosa was first described to cause infections in a 19-year-old female with periappendiceal abscess in 1975. The most prevalent human infections caused by R. dentocariosa include infective endocarditis, bacteremia, endophthalmitis, corneal ulcer, septic arthritis, pneumonia, and peritonitis associated with continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. Three main factors have been reported to increase the risk of the cardiac and extra-cardiac infections caused by R. dentocariosa, including immunocompromised conditions, pre-existing cardiac disorders, and poor oral hygiene. Peritoneal dialysis (PD) may induce peritonitis presumably due to hematogenous spread from gingival or periodontal sources. This case study aimed to describe a former PD patient presenting with peritonitis. Oral hygiene is a basic principle in PD patients for the prevention of peritonitis. It is speculated that our patient might have had an occult oral source of R. dentocariosa.
- انتشار مقاله: 30-11-1397
- نویسندگان: Kobra Salimiyan Rizi,Hadi Farsiani,Kiarash Ghazvini,Masoud Youssefi
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Reviews in Clinical Medicine
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Bacillus Anthracis,zoonotic disease,Cutaneous anthrax
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Bacillus anthracis is an aerobic, gram-positive, and spore-forming Bacillus species. The most common form of anthrax infection is the cutaneous form. The infection usually develops several days after exposure to products of infected animals and manifest as black sore with severe swelling on the skin.
A 52-year-old female with a black and swollen lesion on her index finger presented to Ghaem Hospital, Mashhad, Iran, in October 2015. Biopsy and swab culture were performed immediately. Cutaneous anthrax was characterized by microscopic examination of B. anthracis spore using Gram staining. The patient was then treated with antibiotics after diagnosis.
According to the reports of Provincial Health Center of Khorasan Razavi, northeast of Iran, no cases of anthrax have been reported in humans since 2013. There were neither occupational risk factors, nor any routine predisposing factors for acquiring anthrax in this woman. Although this patient is the first case reported with cutaneous anthrax since the past three years, two cases of sheep anthrax have been reported in Khorasan Razavi Province during 2013-2015. This patient had a history of contact with the skull of a slaughtered sheep. The patient was treated after making correct and rapid diagnosis and sufficient antibiotic therapy.- انتشار مقاله: 06-05-1396
- نویسندگان: Mohsen Karbalaei Zadeh Babaki,Mahdis Ghavidel,Hadi Farsiani,Kiarash Ghazvini
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Reviews in Clinical Medicine
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Antibiotic resistance,Nosocomial infections,Neonatal infections,Cronobacter,Enterobacter species,Pantoea
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Enterobacter spp. is a gram-negative environmental bacterium, which belongs to the Enterobacteriaceae family and is found in water, sewage, soil, and plants. These bacteria are common among humans and animals, and the most frequently isolated species is Enterobacter cloacae. The species of this genus are often opportunistic pathogens with expanding significance in nosocomial infections, particularly in neonates, immunocompromised patients in intensive care units, emergency sections, skin and soft tissue infection wards, and urology wards. With the unexpected and rapid increase in antibiotic resistance in various bacterial species, there has been a new alarm for the health of the human community. Enterobacter species cause pneumonitis, bacteremia, post-neurosurgical meningitis, neonatal meningitis, skin and soft tissue infections, and urinary tract infections. Some of the main risk factors for the occurrence and dissemination of Enterobacter spp. infections are poor hand hygiene, crowding, low birth weight, premature birth, intubation of patients, prolonged hospital stay, contaminated infant formula, intravenous feeding, use of extended-spectrum antibiotics and use of intravenous catheters.
- انتشار مقاله: 24-08-1398
- نویسندگان: Kobra Salimiyan Rizi,Kiarash Ghazvini,Hadi Farsiani
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Reviews in Clinical Medicine
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Nosocomial infection,Acinetobacter spp,Colistin resistance,Elizabethkingia meningoseptica
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Elizabethkingia meningoseptica is an emerging nosocomial gram-negative, rod-shaped pathogen in patients with underlying diseases. This bacterium is also considered to be a major pathogen in hospitalized patients. Some of the main risk factors for E. meningosepticum infections include immunosuppression (e.g., end-stage hepatic and renal diseases) and prematurity in neonates. Furthermore, E. meningosepticum could cause pneumonia, endocarditis, and bacteremia in adults. The uncommon resistance pattern of this bacterium, as well as its intrinsic resistance to colistin, makes the treatment of the associated infections challenging unless the susceptibility patterns are available. In this article, we have presented the first case of pulmonary coinfection with multidrug-resistant (MDR) Acinetobacter spp. and E. meningoseptica in Iran. A 20-year-old female patient was admitted to our hospital with tetralogy of fallot as an underlying disease since childhood. The patient underwent cardiac surgery. On the third postoperative day (POD), the patient developed lung infection and left-lung collapse. Antibiotic therapy was initiated for MDR Acinetobacter spp. obtained from her primary culture of tracheal discharges. When fever persisted in the patient, the secondary culture of her tracheal discharges was observed to be positive for E. meningoseptica. In this case report, no clinical correlations were observed between the E. meningoseptica isolated from respiratory secretions and the primary respiratory infection, suggesting that E. meningoseptica is an indicator of severe underlying diseases rather than an actual pathogen.
- انتشار مقاله: 23-09-1397
- نویسندگان: Kobra Salimiyan Rizi,Hadi Farsiani,Saeid Amel Jamehdar,Mahboubeh Mohammadzadeh
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Iranian Journal of Immunology
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Helicobacter pylori,Polymorphism,Myeloperoxidase
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background: Polymorphisms in the immune related genes are important in the clinical outcome of Helicobacter pylori infection. Myeloperoxidase -463 G/A polymorphism has been shown to reduce enzyme expression and activity.
Objective: the aim of the present study is to investigate the association of myeloperoxidase G-463A polymor-phism with clinical outcome of Helicobacter pylori infection.
Methods: two hundred and eighty five patients with positive culture of Helicobacter pylori from their gastric biopsies are included in this study. Human leukocyte DNA was extracted using salting out method and myeloperoxidase G-463A polymorphism was investigated by PCR-RFLP. All clinicopathological data were collected from individual records.
Results: When the patients were categorized according to the high (GG) and low + intermediate (AG+AA) genotypes of myeloperoxidase producers, there was a significant association between myeloperoxidase G-463A genotypes and clinical outcome of Helicobacter py-lori infection (p=0.006). In search for combined effect of cagA status and myeloperoxi-dase genotypes on clinical presentations, only in cagA- Helicobacter pylori infected pa-tients a significant association between myeloperoxidase genotypes and clinical out-come was found (p=0.0001). Also this association was found only in patients infected with vacA s1m1 genotype (p=0.008).
Conclusions: Our findings suggest that the mye-loperoxidase G-463A polymorphism is a host genetic factor which determines the clini-cal outcome of Helicobacter pylori infection. Moreover, the combination of host and bacterial genetics could provide a better understanding of clinical outcome after infec-tion with Helicobacter pylori.- انتشار مقاله: 17-05-1395
- نویسندگان: Eskandar Kamali-Sarvestani,Hadi Farsiani,Michel Shamoon Pour,Abdulah Bazargani,Kamran Lankarani,Ali-Reza Taghavi,Mehdi Saberifiroozi
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Immunogenicity,Mycobacterium Tuberculosis,Subunit vaccine,CFP-10,Fcγ2a
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Objective(s): Despite treatment with antibiotics and vaccination with BCG, tuberculosis (TB) is still considered as one of the most important public health problems in the world. Therefore, designing and producing a more effective vaccine against TB seems urgently. In this study, immunogenicity of a fusion protein which consisting or comprising CFP-10 from Mycobacterium tuberculosis and the Fc-domain of mouse IgG2a was evaluated as a novel subunit vaccine candidate against TB.
Materials and Methods: The genetic constructs were cloned in pPICZαA expression vector and recombinant vectors (pPICZαA-CFP-10: Fcγ2a and pPICZαA-CFP-10:His) were transformed into Pichia pastoris. To evaluate the expression of recombinant proteins, SDS-PAGE and immunoblotting were used. The immunogenicity of recombinant proteins, with and without BCG were assessed in BALB/c mice and specific cytokines against recombinant proteins (IFN-γ, IL-12, IL-4, IL-17 and TGF-β) were evaluated.
Results: The levels of IFN-γ and IL-12 in mice that received recombinant proteins was higher than the control groups (BCG and PBS). Thus, both recombinant proteins (CFP-10:Fcγ2a and CFP-10:His) could excite good response in Th1-cells. The Fc-tagged protein had a stronger Th1 response with low levels of IL-4, as compared to CFP-10:His. However, the highest level of Th1 response was observed in groups that were vaccinated with BCG (prime) and then received recombinant protein CFP-10: Fcγ2a (booster).
Conclusion: The results demonstrated that binding mice Fc-domain to CFP-10 protein can increase the immunogenicity of the subunit vaccine. Further studies, might be able to design and produce a new generation of subunit vaccines based on the Fc-fused immunogen.- انتشار مقاله: 12-11-1395
- نویسندگان: Ali Asghar Baghani,Saman Soleimanpour,Hadi Farsiani,Arman Mosavat,Masoud Yousefi,Zahra Meshkat,Seyed Abdolrahim Rezaee,Saeid Amel Jamehdar,Mohammad Reza Akbari Eydgahi,Hamid Sadeghian,Kiarash Ghazvini
- مشاهده