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کاربرد نوع شرط:
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Evidence Based Care Journal
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Clobetasol,IVcatheter,Nitroglycerin,Phlebitis
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background: Although intravenous injection is nowadays one of the common invasive procedures in medical care, but like any other procedure, it has a lot of side effects. Phlebitis is the most common complication and one of the therapeutic aims is to prevent it.
Aim: The aim of this study was to compair the effect of Clobetasol with Nitroglycerin ointment on the prevention of superficial IV Catheter induced phlebitis.
Methods: This clinical trial study was conducted on 144 patients admitted in men surgery ward in Arak Valiasr hospital in 1392. Patients were randomly allocated into three groups: Group A (Clobetasol), Group B (NTG) and Group C (Control). Severity of phlebitis was measured using the standard visual rating scale. In intervention groups, after venipuncture, ointment were administered on the distal portion of IVcatheter and the area was dressed. The venipuncture area was assessed 24, 48 and 72 (hrs) after venipuncture. Data were analyzed by chi-square, Fisher's exact and Kruskal-Wallis statistical tests and using spss19.
Results: There was no significant difference among three groups in terms of severity of catheter induced phlebitis in the first and second measurements. In the third measurement there was a significant difference among intervention and control groups (P < 0/007) and the severity of catheter induced phlebitis was reduced more in NTG group comparing Clobetasol group.
Conclusion: The use of Nitroglycerin in prevention of superficial, IVcatheter induced phlebitis is more effective than Clobetasol. It is suggested that Nitroglycerin can be administered to prevent phlebitis in patients who need to have IVcatheter for a long time (over 48 hours).- انتشار مقاله: 25-09-1392
- نویسندگان: Hamid Akbari,Shahin Raufi,Davood Hekmat Po,Khaterh Anbari
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: VETERINARY RESEARCH FORUM
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Insulin resistance,Sheep,Lipid Emulsion,Blood constituents
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: To evaluate the effect of intravenous infusion of a soybean based lipid emulsion (Lipovenoes 10%) on some blood constituents in sheep, a replicated 2 × 2 Latin square design experiment was conducted in four clinically healthy ewes. Lipid emulsion (LE group) or normal saline (NS group) was infused intravenously at a rate of 0.025 mL kg-1 per min for 6 hr and the concentrations of blood triglyceride, glucose, insulin, calcium, magnesium, phosphorous, sodium and potassium were measured before (baseline) and then at timepoints 2, 4, 6, 12 and 24 hr after infusion. Compared to the baseline values and/or NS infusion, LE infusion resulted in a significant increase in the concentrations of triglyceride (p < 0.001), glucose (p < 0.01), calcium (p < 0.05), phosphorous (p < 0.01) and a significant decrease in insulin (p < 0.001) and magnesium (p < 0.05) concentrations. Compared to the baseline value, the homeostasis model of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index increased (p < 0.001) at timepoints 2 and 4 hr and abruptly decreased at timepoint six hr (p < 0.01) following LE infusion. In LE group, HOMA-IR values were significantly (p < 0.001) higher than those for NS group at timepoints 2 and 4 hr after infusion. Neither treatment nor time influenced serum sodium and potassium concentrations (p > 0.05). In conclusion, intravenous infusion of Lipovenoes temporarily influenced some blood constituents. Increased triglyceride concentrations were associated with an increase in HOMA-IR values indicating a state of insulin resistance. No remarkable adverse effect was observed following LE infusion and lipid based emulsions can be safely used in ruminants not suffering from extensive lipid mobilization.
- انتشار مقاله: 28-11-1392
- نویسندگان: Hamid Akbari,Bahram Dalir-Naghadeh
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Signal Processing and Renewable Energy
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Wind Turbine,Solar panel,Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage (SMES),TLBO Algorithm
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Considering the outstanding use of renewable energy sources, most of industrial countries secure a main part of their required energy from renewable energy resources. Solar panels and wind turbines are the most important sources for the scattered production based on Renewable energies. In this study the optimized design of a solar panel, wind turbine hybrid system with superconductive magnetic energy storage (SMES), separated from network, to provide for the load demand of a military site is considered. The aim of a system optimization is specifying the number of solar panels, wind turbines, and SMESs with minimizing the cost of system's energy production. In hybrid systems, due to fluctuations in energy production of solar panels and wind turbines, accumulation systems are used in order to provide for a perpetual load. This system is also used to minimize annual costs of energy production for a system of load demand of a military site with the use of TLBO algorithm on a basis of teach-learn is being studied.
- انتشار مقاله: 10-10-1396
- نویسندگان: Farshid Biria,Mahmoud Modaresi,Hamid Reza Akbari
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Signal Processing and Renewable Energy
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: particle swarm optimization algorithm,Distribution network,Reliability Improvement,Protection design
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: In this paper, two protective devices, recloser and cutout fuse, are placed simultaneously. Indeed, main contribution of this research is considering Distribution Generation (DG) placement in this problem. The multi objective function has been formulated based on minimizing power loss and maximizing reliability. Selection of reliability indices has been performed based on a compromise between customer satisfaction and seller. This problem is solved by Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm and tested on the part of practical distribution system. The reliability indices are System Average Interruption Duration Index (SAIFI), Cost of Energy Not Supplied (CENS), System Average Interruption Frequency Index (SAIFI) and Momentary Average Interruption Frequency Index (MAIFI). Simulation has been performed in part of practical distribution system by introduced several scenarios and cases.
- انتشار مقاله: 28-07-1396
- نویسندگان: Hamidreza Akbari,Amirhosein Bolurian,Mahmoud Modaresi
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Journal of Computational Applied Mechanics
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Microstructure,Mechanical properties,Inhomogeneity,Asymmetrical wire rolling,brass wire
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Current experimental investigation deals with the effects of asymmetrical rolling parameters on the inhomogeneity, microstructure, mechanical, and geometrical properties of rolled brass wire. Toward this end, a roll machine with three different roll radii ratios was set up. The asymmetrical conditions are arranged using three different sets of rolls with different diameters that result into different reductions. Investigating the effects of the inhomogeneous structure of unrolled brass wire on the output radius, total width, and width of the rolled part (in the z direction) are the aim of this study. Furthermore, the influences of three unlike roll radius ratios on the grain size, inhomogeneity and mechanical properties of the rolled brass wire are considered. In addition, the micro-Vickers measurements on the rolled brass wire are performed. It is shown that the regions near to faster roll with greater strain quantities have higher values of hardness compared to the other areas.
- انتشار مقاله: 25-08-1396
- نویسندگان: Behzad Pasoodeh,Ali Parvizi,Hamid Akbari
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Journal of Advances in Medical Education and Professionalism
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Health,Policy,évolution,Medical education,Manpower
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Introduction: Lack of a clear policy for the development of healthhuman resources has created inconsistencies. These imbalancesare threats to the health system to achieve its goals. Therefore, thedevelopment of human resources through proper performance ofhigher education health system is an important part of the policydevelopment process of the health sector. The present paper aimsto introduce the methods applied for the compilation of evolutionand innovation program of medical sciences training as well asthe most important directions for evolution and innovation. Methods: In this study, we evaluated the methodology fordesigning packages of Iran’s higher education health systemevolution and innovation. For this purpose, the evaluation of thepolicy process was conducted based on Michelle and Scott’s policyprocess models. This policy evaluation model starts by problemidentification and definition and continue by agenda setting, policyformation, legitimation, implementation, evaluation, and policymodification, using the proper feedback. Qualitative contentanalysis method was used as a research method for subjectiveinterpretation of the content of the text data. Results: Twelve policies, 68 strategies and their translation in thehealth system were adopted in a comprehensive plan for higherhealth education. Eleven practical packages were also developedin order to implement these policies as packages for reform andinnovation in medical education. These packages were organizedbased on the IPOCC pattern. Conclusion: The lack of a comprehensive look at each projector program could bring about irreparableness consequences.However, the MoHME of Iran, relying on the integration of healthhigher education with health care system and comprehensivemethod used for transformation and innovation plan in the fieldof health higher education could take an important step towardsimproving the nation’s health.
- انتشار مقاله: 22-01-1397
- نویسندگان: ATA POURABBASI,HAMID AKBARI,AMIR AHMAD AKHVAN,ALI AKBAR HAGHDOOST,ZAHRA KHEIRY,REZA DEHNAVIEH,HAMED RAHIMI,SOMAYEH NOORI HEKMAT,BAGHER LARIJANI
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Journal of Advances in Medical Education and Professionalism
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی:
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Introduction: Academic institutions are the most importantorganizations for implementation of internationalization policiesand practices for integrating an international, intercultural andglobal dimension in higher education system. Also, a globallyincreasing demand for higher education has been seen in the pasttwo decades so that the number of students enrolled in highereducation institutions in the worldwide nation-states has increaseddramatically. The National Plan of International Developmentof Medical Education was designed with the aim of identifyingavailable potentials in all the universities of medical sciences,encouraging the development of international standards ofmedical education, and planning for the utilization of the existingcapacity in Islamic republic of Iran.Methods: Authors have tried to review the several aspectsof international activities in higher education in the world anddescribe national experiences and main policies in globalization ofmedical education in Iran within implementation of the NationalPlan for Development and Innovation in Medical Education.Results: The findings of some global experiences providethe policy makers with clear directions in order to developinternationalization of higher education.Conclusion: The Program for International Development ofMedical Education was designed by the Deputy of Educationin the Ministry of Health and the effective implementationof this Program was so important for promotion of Iranianmedical education. But there were some challenges in thisregard; addressing them through inter-sectoral collaborationis one of the most important strategies for the development ofinternationalization of education in the field of medical sciences.Keywords: Medical education, Higher education, Innovation
- انتشار مقاله: 13-10-1396
- نویسندگان: EHSAN SHAMSI GOOSHKI,ATA POURABBASI,HAMID AKBARI,NIMA REZAEI,ALI ARAB KHERADMAND,ZAHRA KHEIRY,NILOUFAR PEYKARI,FATEREH MOMENI JAVID,FIROUZEH HAJIPOUR,BAGHER LARIJANI
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Journal of Computational Applied Mechanics
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Microstructure,Mechanical properties,Inhomogeneity,Asymmetrical wire rolling,brass wire
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Current experimental investigation deals with the effects of asymmetrical rolling parameters on the inhomogeneity, microstructure, mechanical, and geometrical properties of rolled brass wire. Toward this end, a roll machine with three different roll radii ratios was set up. The asymmetrical conditions are arranged using three different sets of rolls with different diameters that result into different reductions. Investigating the effects of the inhomogeneous structure of unrolled brass wire on the output radius, total width, and width of the rolled part (in the z direction) are the aim of this study. Furthermore, the influences of three unlike roll radius ratios on the grain size, inhomogeneity and mechanical properties of the rolled brass wire are considered. In addition, the micro-Vickers measurements on the rolled brass wire are performed. It is shown that the regions near to faster roll with greater strain quantities have higher values of hardness compared to the other areas.
- انتشار مقاله: 25-08-1396
- نویسندگان: Behzad Pasoodeh,Ali Parvizi,Hamid Akbari
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Iranian Journal of Veterinary Medicine
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Chitosan,Hydrogel,Sustained release,enrofloxacin,beta-glycerophosphate
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی:
BACKGROUND: The development of injectable sustained-release products are of great interest to veterinary pharmaceuticals and animal health business. Recently, great attention has been paid to in situ gel-forming chitosan/beta-glycerophosphate (chitosan/β-GP) solutions due to their good biodegradability and thermosensitivity. OBJECTIVES: The general aim of this study was to prepare a novel in situ gel-forming drug delivery system with a sustained release profile for enrofloxacin. METHODS: Chitosan, β-GP and enrofloxacin were used in different concentrations and six formulations of chitosan/β-GP were prepared. The properties of the hydrogels including the pattern of drug release, gelation time, syringeability, morphology, FTIR spectra, and in vitro antimicrobial activity were evaluated. RESULTS: The release rate of enrofloxacin from the hydrogels and syringeability of the final solutions were decreased by increasing in β-GP and chitosan concentrations. All formulations could release the drug up to 120 hours but formulation 1 (chitosan-2%, β-GP-5% and enrofloxacin-1%) gave the best results based on its optimal drug release profile and viscosity. The FTIR studies showed that there were no interactions between enrofloxacin and hydrogel excipients. Scanning electron microscopy showed that the formed gel had a continuous texture, while the swelled gel in phosphate buffer had a porous structure. Microbiological tests revealed high bactericidal activities for this enrofloxacin- loaded hydrogel which were comparable to those of positive control (enrofloxacin suspension) in terms of inhibition zone, MIC and MBC values. CONCLUSION: Because of simple preparation and sustained release profile of the drug, this hydrogel could be a promising delivery system for enrofloxacin in animals.- انتشار مقاله: 19-04-1395
- نویسندگان: Sakineh Khanamani Falahatipour,Ali Rasooli,Yalda Hosseinzadeh Ardakani,Hamid Akbari Javar,Katayoun Kiani,Taghi Zahraee Salehi
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Iranian Journal of Veterinary Medicine
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Drug Delivery,Mesoporous silica nanoparticles,Liposome,Danofloxacin,thermosensitive
- چکیده:
زمینه مطالعه: سامانههای دارورسانی آهسته رهش میتوانند دفعات تجویز را کاهش داده و عیارهای درمانی دارو را برای مدتهای طولانیتر حفظ نمایند. محلولهای زیست تخریب پذیر، زیست سازگار و حساس به حرارت کیتوزان- بتا گلیسروفسفات در دمای بدن ژلهای شده و برای مدت طولانی قادر به حفظ یکپارچگی خود می باشند. هدف: ساخت یک سامانه دارورسانی جدید آهسته رهش دانوفلوکساسین بر پایه ترکیب لیپوزوم و هیدروژل با استفاده از نانوذرات سیلیکا برای مصرف در حیوانات مزرعه میباشد. روشکار: نانوذرات سیلیکای مزوپوروس با استفاده از ستیل تری متیل آمونیوم و تترا اتیل اورتوسیلیکا و لیپوزومها به روش هیدراسیون لایه نازک تهیه شدند. محلولهای کیتوزان-بتا گلیسرو فسفات حاوی لیپوزوم های دانوفلوکساسین بار شده در نانوذرات سیلیکا تحت ارزیابیهای مختلف از جمله الگوی رهایش دارو، زمان ژلهای شدن، میزان بارگیری در نانوذرات، ریخت شناسی و آزمایشات فعالیت ضدمیکروبی علیه استافیلوکوک اورئوس و اشریشیا کلای قرار گرفتند. نتایج: میانگین اندازه حفرات نانوذرات nm8/2 و میانگین کارآیی بارگیری دارو در نانو ذرات 45% بود. کینتیک رهایش دارو از مدل هیگوشی پیروی کرده و قادر به رهایش دانوفلوکساسین به مدت بیش از 96 ساعت بود. براساس مطالعات انجام شده هیچ برهمکنشی بین دانوفلوکساسین و سایر اجزا ژل وجود نداشت. میکروسکوپ الکترونی نگاره ساختار یکنواخت و غیرمتخلخلی را برای ژل نشان داد، در حالی که ژل متورم شده در بافر فسفات دارای ساختار متخلخل بود. آزمایشات میکروبی فعالیت بالای ضدباکتریایی هیدروژل لیپوزومی دانوفلوکساسین و قابل مقایسه با محلول دانفلوکساسین را نشان داد. نتیجهگیرینهایی: هیدروژل لیپوزومی دانوفلوکساسین در دمای بدن جامد شد و بخوبی قادر به آهسته رهش کردن دارو و نشان دادن اثرات ضدباکتریایی در محیط آزمایشگاهی بود.- چکیده انگلیسی: Background: Sustained release delivery system can reduce the dosage frequency and maintain the therapeutic level of drugs for a longer time. Biodegradable, biocompatible and thermosensitive chitosan-beta-glycerophosphate (C-GP) solutions can solidify at body temperature and maintain their physical integrity for a longer duration. OBJECTIVES: To develop a novel delivery system based on the integration of liposomes in hydrogel using mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) for sustained release of danofloxacin in farm animals. METHODS: The MSNs were prepared using N-cetyltrimethylammonium bromide and tetraethylortho silica. The liposomes were prepared by thin film hydration method. C-GP solution containing danofloxacin-loaded MSN liposomes underwent different in-vitro tests, including evaluation of the entrapment efficiency, gelation time, morphology, drug release pattern as well as antimicrobial activities against S. aureus and E. coli. RESULTS: The mean pore size of MSNs was 2.8 nm and the mean MSN entrapment efficiency was 45%. Kinetics of danofloxacin release from liposomal hydrogel followed the Higuchi’s model. This formulation was capable of sustaining the danofloxacin release for more than 96 h. The FTIR studies showed that there were no interactions between danofloxacin and hydrogel excipients. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that the formed gel had a continuous texture, while the swelled gel in the phosphate buffer had a porous structure. Microbiological tests revealed a high antibacterial activity for lipomosal hydrogel of danofloxacin-loaded MSN comparable with danofloxacin solution. CONCLUSIONS: The liposomal hydrogel solidified at body temperature, effectively sustained the release of danofloxacin and showed in vitro antibacterial effects.
- انتشار مقاله: 28-04-1395
- نویسندگان: Katayoun Kiani,Ali Rassouli,Yalda Hosseinzadeh Ardakani,Hamid Akbari Javar,Sakineh Khanamani Falahatipour,Pegah Khosraviyan,Taghi Zahraee Salehi
- مشاهده