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کاربرد نوع شرط:
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Research Journal of Pharmacognosy
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: DPPH,Brine shrimp,cardiovascular effects,Scrophularia umbrosa
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background and objectives: Scrophularia umbrosa Dumort is used as a traditional herb in China. In this study, chemical profile, free radical suppression capability, general toxicity and cardiovascular activities of the volatile compounds from S. umbrosa were investigated. Moreover, methanol (MeOH) extract of rhizomes were analyzed to purify and identify the constituents. Methods: GC/MS was used to identify chemical combination of the volatile oil. Suppression of free radicals of the volatile oil was examined by DPPH method. Also, the essential oil was evaluated for its general toxicity and cardiovascular activity using brine shrimp lethality bioassay and organ bath method, respectively. Preparative HPLC and NMR were applied for investigating the MeOH extract composition. Results: Forty one Ingredients were recognized, displaying about 93.08 % of the total volatile oil constituents Ketones (38.49%) with hexahydrofarnesyl acetone (26.18%), phytol (11.86%), palmitic acid (8.92%), β-damascenone (4.1%) and copaene (3.82%) were the main components. The essential oil showed weak free radical scavenging activity (RC50=13.71±0.75 mg/mL). Relatively high levels of toxicity were observed with the essential oil of S. umbrosa in comparison with podophyllotoxin. Likewise, the essential oil was able to induced vasorelaxantion in isolated rat aortic rings both in presence and absence of endothelium at a similar rate. An iridoid compounds (sesamoside) was isolated from the MeOH extract of S. umbrosa. Conclusion: Chemical diversity is probably responsible for various pharmacological activities. However, the essential oil of this plant showed toxicity in preliminary toxicity test; so its toxic effect should be more investigated by various cell lines.
- انتشار مقاله: 03-06-1395
- نویسندگان: E. Nikkhah,S. Asnaashari,H. Babaei,F. Heshmati Afshar,A. Delazar
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Iranian Journal of Veterinary Research
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: fibrinogen,Haptoglobin,Dairy cows,Serum amyloid A,Ceruloplasmin
- چکیده: پیشینه: پروتئینهای فاز حاد (APPs) به علت استرسهای مختلف در طی گامه استروس در حیوانات مزرعه ممکن است افزایش یابند. هدف: ارزیابی تغییرات APPs در گامههای مختلف چرخه فحلی گروه همزمان شده به روش اوسینک (SEG) و چرخه فحلی گروه همزمان نشده (NSEG)، در گاوهای نژاد هولشتاین. روش کار: دوازده راس گاو غیر باردار سالم از نظر بالینی و آزمایشگاهی نژاد هولشتاین با نمره وضعیت بدنی (BCS) 75/2 و در روز 70 شیرواری انتخاب شدند. دو گروه شامل SEG و NSEG مدنظر قرار گرفتند. خونگیری از گاوهای گروه NSEG در زمانهای دای استروس، پرواستروس و استروس انجام شد. در گروه SEG، خونگیری در روزهای 7 (در زمان تزریق پروستاگلاندین، معادل دای استروس)، روز 9 (در زمان تزریق هورمون آزاد کننده گنادوتروپینها (GnRH)، معادل پرواستروس)، و روز 10 (در زمان تلقیح، معادل استروس) پروتکل همزمان سازی انجام شد. غلظت هاپتوگلوبین (Hp)، سرم آمیلوئیدآ (SAA)، سرولوپلاسمین (Cp)، و فیبرینوژن (Fib) مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. نتایج: غلظت Hp در گامه استروس افزایش معنیداری نسبت به دای استروس (P=0.001) و پرواستروس (P=0.019) در NSEG داشت. همچنین سطح Hp در NSEG به صورت معنیدار بیشتر از SEG در گامه استروس (P=0.002) بود. غلظت پروتئینهای سرم آمیلوئیدآ، سرولوپلاسمین و فیبرینوژن در گامههای مختلف چرخه فحلی در هر گروه یا بین گامههای معادل چرخه فحلی دو گروه تغییرات معنیداری نداشت. نتیجهگیری: به نظر میرسد بر خلاف SAA، Fib و Cp، غلظت Hp میتواند تحت تاثیر گامههای مختلف چرخه فحلی قرار گیرد. اگر چه APPs شاخصهای اختصاصی نیستند اما تغییرات آنها در کنار سایر مولفههای بالینی و آزمایشگاهی ممکن است برای تشخیص دقیقتر فحلی در گاوهای شیری کمک کننده باشد.
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background: Acute-phase proteins (APPs) may be increased due to different stresses during estrus phase in farm animals. Aims: Determining changes of APPs at different phases of non-synchronized estrous cycle group (NSEG), and Ovsynch-synchronized estrous cycle group (SEG) in Holstein cows. Methods: Twelve non-pregnant clinically and paraclinicaly healthy Holstein cows with a body condition score (BCS) of 2.75 and 70 days in milk were chosen. Two groups including NSEG and SEG were performed. Blood sampling was carried out from NSEG at the time of diestrus, proestrus, and estrus. In SEG, blood sampling was performed on day 7 (at the time of prostaglandin injection, equivalent diestrus), day 9 (at the time of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) injection, equivalent proestrus), and day 10 (at the time of insemination, equivalent estrus) of synchronization protocol. Concentrations of haptoglobin (Hp), serum amyloid A (SAA), ceruloplasmin (Cp), and fibrinogen (Fib) were measured. Results: Concentration of Hp at estrus phase was significantly higher compared with diestrus (P=0.001) and proestrus (P=0.019) in NSEG. Moreover, Hp level in the NSEG was significantly higher than SEG at estrus phase (P=0.002). Concentrations of SAA, Cp, and Fib had no significant differences during various phases of estrous cycle in each group or between equivalent phases of both groups. Conclusion: It seems that unlike SAA, Fib, and Cp, concentrations of Hp may be affected by different phases of estrous cycle. Although APPs are not specific indicators, their changes besides other clinical and paraclinical indices may be helpful for more accurate heat detection in dairy cows.
- انتشار مقاله: 13-01-1399
- نویسندگان: A. S. Samimi,S. M. Aghamiri,H. Babaei,R. Heidarabadypor
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Iranian Journal of Veterinary Research
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Rat,ghrelin,Spermatozoa,Antioxidant properties,HOS test
- چکیده: در مطالعات اخیر، خواص آنتیاکسیدانی گرلین نشان داده شده است. در مطالعه حاضر، تأثیر تجویز طولانی مدت گرلین بر تحرک و سلامت غشاء اسپرم موشهای رت در طی انکوباسیون در 37 درجه سانتیگراد بررسی شد. سی موش رت 45 روزه از نژاد ویستار به دو گروه کنترل و درمان تقسیم شدند. به موشهای گروه درمان روزانه 1 نانومول گرلین به مدت 10 روز پشت سر هم و به گروه کنترل همان حجم سالین نرمال به شکل زیر جلدی تزریق شد. جمعآوری اسپرم پس از کشتن موشها در روزهای 5، 15 و 40 پس از آخرین تزریق انجام شده و خصوصیات اسپرم در ساعات صفر، سه و پنج پس از انکوباسیون در 37 درجه بررسی شدند. حرکات کلی و پیشرونده اسپرمها به طور معنیداری در ساعات 3 و 5 در روز پنجم در گروه درمان بالاتر بود (P<0.05). در ساعت 3 انکوباسیون در روز 15، تنها حرکات کلی اسپرمها در گروه درمان نسبت به کنترل بالاتر بود. سلامت غشاء اسپرم توسط آزمون تورم در فشار هیپواسموتیک (HOS test) ارزیابی شد. متوسط درصد اسپرمهای HOS مثبت در گروه درمان در روزهای 5 و 15 در ساعات صفر، 3 و 5 انکوباسیون به طور معنیداری بالاتر بود (P<0.05). اما این میزان در روز 40 بین دو گروه معنیدار نشد. همبستگی بالا در ساعات 3 و 5 در روز 5 بین حرکت پیشرونده اسپرم (94/0 و 92/0 = r ،P<0.0001) و نیز حرکات کلی اسپرمها (78/0 و 81/0 = r ،P<0.01) با آزمون HOS در گروه درمان مشاهده شد. این نتایج را میتوان به خواص آنتیاکسیدانی گرلین بر روی اسپرمهای رت به ویژه بر غشاء آن مربوط دانست که باعث حفاظت غشاء اسپرمها در برابر آسیبهای ناشی از اکسیداسیون در طی انکوباسیون و در نتیجه افزایش معنیداری در میزان HOS شده است. این عوامل احتمالا باعث افزایش میزان تحرک اسپرمها در طی 5 ساعت انکوباسیون شده است.
- چکیده انگلیسی: Antioxidant properties of ghrelin have been demonstrated in recent studies. In the present study, the
effects of chronic administration of ghrelin on the motility and plasma membrane integrity of rat spermatozoa during incubation at 37ºC were investigated. Thirty 45-day-old male Wistar rats were divided into control and treatment groups. Rats in the treatment group were daily injected subcutaneously with 1 nmol of ghrelin for 10 consecutive days and the control rats received normal saline. Sperm was collected after killing of rats on days 5, 15 and 40 after the last injection, and sperm characteristics were examined at 0, 3 and 5 h after incubation at 37ºC. Mass motility and forward progressive movement of spermatozoa were significantly higher in ghrelin-treated animals at 3 and 5 h of incubation on day 5 (P<0.05). After 3 h of incubation on day 15, only mass motility was greater than that of the control group. Plasma membrane integrity was assessed by hypoosmotic swelling (HOS) “water test”. The mean value of HOS reacted spermatozoa was higher in the treatment group on days 5 and 15 during 0, 3 and 5 h of incubation (P<0.05). However, the percentage of HOS-positive spermatozoa was not significantly different on day 40 between groups. There was a high correlation at 3 and 5 h of day 5 between the forward progressive movement (r = 0.92 and 0.94, P<0.0001) as well as overall sperm motility (r = 0.78 and 0.81, P<0.01) with HOS test in the ghrelin-treated animals. These results can be attributed to the antioxidative effects of ghrelin on the rat sperm especially on its plasma membrane which probably protects the sperm plasma membrane against oxidative damage during incubation and causes subsequent significant increase in the HOS test results. This may result in higher sperm motility index during 5 h of incubation.- انتشار مقاله: 09-04-1387
- نویسندگان: A. Kheradmand,M. Taati,H. Babaei
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Iranian Journal of Veterinary Research
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Antioxidant,Ram,Semen,Motility,Membrane integrity
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: The aim of this investigation was to assess the effect of different antioxidants on the motility and
membrane integrity of the ram semen during storage at 5ºC for 0, 12, 24, 48 and 72 hrs after collection and
dilution. A total of 57 ejaculates from 12 Bakhtiary rams was collected by artificial vagina and were extended
1 : 3 with egg yolk-citrate buffer, which was containing one of the following antioxidants: BSA 1% (w/v),
BSA 3%, BSA 1% + sucrose 10%, BSA 3% + sucrose 10%, vitamin E (1 mg), vitamin E (2 mg), ascorbic
acid (0.9 mg/ml) and control group without any antioxidant. Percent of motile sperm (PMS), rate of forward
movement (RFM) and membrane integrity in extenders contained vitamin E groups were significantly higher
up to 48 hrs than other groups (P<0.05). Although, addition of 2 mg vitamin E was more effective than 1 mg
vitamin E in sperm protection, however, the difference was not statistically significant. Likewise, addition of
BSA alone or in combination with sucrose was superior to ascorbic acid in maintenance of sperm motility
and membrane integrity. It seems that sucrose has not positive effect on these 3 parameters in combination
with BSA. In conclusion, adding vitamin E to the extender of ram semen during dilution is superior in
maintenance of sperm kinematic parameters up to 48 hrs during storage at 5ºC.- انتشار مقاله: 09-10-1385
- نویسندگان: A. Kheradmand,H. Babaei,J. Abshenas
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Iranian Journal of Veterinary Research
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Ewe breed,Lory ram,Semen characteristics
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: The aim of this study was to determine the effect of ewe breed on the reaction time and semen
characteristics in the ram. For this purpose, from the native sheep breeds in Iran, seven Lory rams and four
ewes (two Lory and two Ghezel breeds) were selected. Seven rams were individually subjected to 4 weekly
trials in which one of the following two treatments was applied alternately. All of rams were scheduled twice
weekly to introduce with the same (Lory) and different (Ghezel) ewe breed individually. In each session, the
reaction time and number of mounts before ejaculation were recorded. At two another sessions per week,
sperm evaluation was performed in each group after collection of semen by artificial vagina. When the both
breeds of the ram and ewe were the same, the mean of reaction time, number of mounts, ejaculation volume, sperm concentration and sperm viability were 44.6 sec, 2.7, 0.97 ml, 4.49 × 109 sperm/ml and 88.9%, respectively and when the breeds were different, the means were 61.5 sec, 2.9, 1.0 ml, 4.52 × 109 sperm/ml and 88.4%, respectively. The reaction time was significantly lower in the first group (P<0.01). However, there was no significant difference in the other parameters between the two groups. It was concluded that during semen collection, when the both breeds of the ram and ewe are the same, the reaction time becomes significantly lower, but the number of mounts and semen characteristics (volume, sperm concentration and viability) did not differ.- انتشار مقاله: 09-10-1385
- نویسندگان: A. Kheradmand,H. Babaei
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Iranian Journal of Veterinary Research
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Pregnant,Gestational Age,Ewe,Abattoir
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: The aim of this survey was to evaluate the frequency of pregnant ewes slaughtered in Khorram Abad
abattoir and estimation of their gestational age. Over a period of five months in fall and winter, a total
number of 3046 uterine tracts were collected. Pregnancy was detected in 56.50% of ewes, 52.36% and 4.13% of which carried singleton and twins, respectively. The highest frequency of pregnancy was detected in
January (65.63%) and the lowest frequency was detected in March (35.02%). Among a total number of 1721
pregnant ewes, the most frequency of gestational age (34.68%) was recorded to be between 2 and 3 months of gestation, while 5.05% was detected to be above 121 days. Overall, the number of pregnant ewes with a gestational age over two months was considerable (59.83%). It was concluded that reproductive waste
resulting from slaughtering of pregnant animals is important in ewes in Khorram Abad and could be
prevented by an improved antemortem examination.- انتشار مقاله: 10-01-1385
- نویسندگان: A. Kheradmand,R. A. Batavani,H. Babaei
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Iranian Journal of Veterinary Research
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: bovine,Oocyte,vitrification,Glass capillary micropipette
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the use of glass capillary micropipette (GCM) as a vessel for
vitrification of bovine oocytes. Cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) were obtained from slaughter-house and
washed 5 to 6 times in the washing medium (TCM-199 + 20% FBS) and randomly assigned to treatment and
control group. In the first step of vitrification, COCs were exposed to first vitrification solution (VS1) (10%
ethylene glycol (EG), 10% DMSO in holding medium (TCM-199 + 10% FBS: HM)) for 1 min at room
temperature and then placed in VS2 solution (20% EG, 20% DMSO in HM) for 25 sec and immediately were
loaded into the GCM vessel. The filled portion of GCM vessels were placed in liquid nitrogen (LN2) for 3 to
5 sec and then completely immersed and stored there. The oocytes were thawed by immersing the capillary
end of the straw in 1 ml of 0.25 M sucrose in HM and gently expelling the contents. After 1 min the oocytes
were transferred into 100 μl of 0.15 M sucrose in HM for another 5 min and then washed with HM twice. For
examining the in vitro developmental potential of vitrified-warmed oocytes, the oocytes were placed in 50 μl
droplet of maturation medium (TCM-199 + 10% FBS + 10 IU/ml PMSG + 5 IU/ml HCG) covered with
paraffin oil in a CO2 incubator at 38.5ºC for 24 hrs. A high proportion of morphologically normal oocytes
(90%) was recovered after vitrification-warming. The percentage of live oocytes after 24 hrs when tested
with trypan blue in GCM group was 85.18%, significantly did not differ from control group (90%). The
proportion of oocytes which were found to have undergone nuclear maturation did not show statistical
difference between the control and GCM group (61.29% vs 40%, respectively). The results of present study
demonstrated that vitrification of immature bovine oocytes in the GCM vessels and EG + DMSO solution
have high survival rate.- انتشار مقاله: 10-01-1385
- نویسندگان: H. Babaei,S. N. Nematollahi Mahani,A. Kheradmand,E. Ayen
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Iranian Journal of Chemical Engineering(IJChE)
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Response surface methodology,Ultrasound,Biodiesel,Transesterification,microreactor
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: The ultrasound-assisted (UA) soybean oil methanolysis using KOH as a catalyst was studied at different reaction conditions in a microreactor. Box–Behnken experimental design, with three variables, was performed and the effects of three reaction variables i.e. reaction temperature, catalyst concentration and the methanol-to-oil molar ratio on fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) yield were evaluated by method of analysis of variance (ANOVA) and multiple regression. A quadratic polynomial model was obtained to predict the methyl ester yield. A yield of 97.1% for methyl ester was obtained at the deduced optimal conditions: reaction temperature of 47 °C, KOH catalyst concentration of 1.29% (w/w) and methanol-to-oil molar ratio of 6:1. Validation experiments confirmed the validity of the predicted model. At the optimal operation condition for the ultrasonic process, a higher yield of methyl esters was obtained in comparison with that of the non-ultrasonic layout. The results show that UA transesterification in microreactor minimizes the reaction time and temperature, alcohol-to-oil molar ratio as well as energy consumption.
- انتشار مقاله: 23-07-1394
- نویسندگان: M. Basiri,M. Rahimi,H. Babaei Mohammadi
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: International Journal of Nano Dimension
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Nanocomposite,polyurethane,Young’s Modulus,Thermal,Zeolite 13X,Tensile
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Polyurethane/zeolite 13X nanocomposite films were fabricated using solution casting method. The synthesized nanocomposite films were structurally characterized using SEM, TGA and tensile analysis. SEM images showed appropriate distribution of nanocrystalline zeolite particles within polyurethane matrix. Better thermal stability of nanocomposite films in comparison to neat polyurethane was shown in TGA analysis. The tensile analyses were carried out for neat polyurethane (PU) and nanocomposite PU/zeolite 13X films. Adding 5 wt. % of nanozeolite 13X into the polymer matrix caused tensile strength to increase but by increasing zeolite content to 10wt. % and 20wt. % tensile strength decreased. Also, comparison of young’s modulus of samples showed that the young’s modulus and thus stiffness of composites increased with increasing the zeolite content. Strain at breaking point of nanocomposites decreased by increasing the zeolite content, as well.
- انتشار مقاله: 04-09-1392
- نویسندگان: E. Ghobadi,M. Hemmati,Gh. Khanbabaei,M. Shojaei,M. Asghari
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Caspian Journal of Environmental Sciences
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Iran,Distribution,Zagros,Vegetation,Irano-Turanian zone
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: A forest area in Deh-Kohneh, the northwest of Fars Province, Iran was studied from a floristic and ecological point of view. The species were classified according to their growth habit. Raunkiaer’s life - forms systemwere used to characterize the flora of the study area. The location has a surface area of 466 ha by minimum altitude at 2100m and maximum at 2554m, between 30 ° 21΄ 32˝ to 30° 23΄ 00˝north longitudes and 51° 46΄ 35˝ to 51° 49΄ 41˝ east latitudes. The results showed that the flora of this region include 97 species belonging to 79 genera and 25 families. The main families in this area were Poaceae (18 species), Rosaceae (11 species) and Apiaceae (10 species). Raunkiaer’s life- forms showed that hemicryptophytes (53.6% of the species), phanerophytes (14.4%), therophytes (10.3%) and chamaephytes (8.2%) are the dominant life - forms of the area. The chorological studies indicated that all of species belong to Irano - Turanian zone, while 4% were common species in the Irano-Turanian and Hyrcanian zones.
- انتشار مقاله: 15-02-1395
- نویسندگان: M.R. Negahdarsaber,K. Taheri Abkenar,H. Pourbabaei,Kh. Sagheb-Talebi
- مشاهده