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کاربرد نوع شرط:
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Future of Medical Education Journal
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Deep Approach,Strategic Approach,Surface
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background: Study habits and skills are very important particularly in medical school which is characterized by heavy workload, heavy time commitments, and high stakes assessments. Students’ approach to learning, which includes study habits, has an important impact on both the excellence of the learning and their academic success. The aim of this study was to evaluate the study habits of Shiraz medical students. Methods: In this descriptive cross sectional study Persian version of Approaches to Study Skills Inventory for Students (ASSIST) was distributed randomly among 265 Shiraz medical students in May 2010. Total completed questionnaires were 193 (72.83%). data was analyzed using SPSS 18. Results: The results showed that most of the students use deep approach towards their studies (89.4%) and some use strategic approach (72.7%) but score was relatively low for surface approach (69.8%). There was no statistic relationship between gender and deep or surface approach that they adopted but there was statistically positive relationship between gender and strategic approach that they adopted with males good in adopting strategic approach. No statistical relationship was detected between educational level and deep approach but analysis detected a statistically positive relationship between the level of education and both surface and strategic approaches. Non clinical students adopted strategic approach whereas clinical students adopted surface approach towards their studies. No relationship was detected between place of living and approaches that they adopted. Conclusions: Our finding suggests that there is an overlap correlation between learning approaches adopted by students in different situations. Moreover the finding showed that with increase in educational level there is a trend toward surface approach. Therefore, the adoption of factors which foster deep approaches and activities which increase students' interest should be strongly emphasized.
- انتشار مقاله: 14-07-1390
- نویسندگان: Mitra Amini,Saima Tajamul,Farhad Lotfi*,Zahra Karimian
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Interdisciplinary Journal of Virtual Learning in Medical Sciences
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Evaluation,Cognitive Apprenticeship Model,Clinical Professors
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background: One of the main responsibilities of universities is to train students who will be the experts and managers of the future. Therefore, improving the educational level of medical science universities will lead to the creation of an effective work force needed for the society, and eventually lead to the improvement of public health throughout the society. This improvement and development will not be reached unless effective feedback is received and the shortcomings are resolved. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate all faculty members teaching at the educational wards of Shahid Faghihi Hospital, Shiraz, in January 2011 based on the Cognitive Apprenticeship Model and present applicable feedback to clinical professors in order to enhance the educational system of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences.Material & Methods: In this study, the faculty members teaching at the internal, surgical, gynecological wards, as well as the wards of dermatology, urology, cardiology, and neurology. We used a valid questionnaire and evaluated six variables: modeling, coaching, reflection, scaffolding, articulation, exploration, and the general characteristics of the educational environment. Data were analyzed using SPSS software, version 16. Results: In the students' viewpoint, the most important characteristics of a professor who obtained the highest educational score were exploration, scaffolding, and coaching. Also, most students expressed that most of the evaluated wards needed to improve in motivating the students.Conclusion: Evaluation and feedback is one of the most effective methods for improving educational systems. By using suitable evaluation systems we can improve the educational system in medical science universities.
- انتشار مقاله: 11-10-1398
- نویسندگان: Mitra Amini,Mehran Rezaee,Rozhin Badiee,Javad Kojouri,Farhad Lotfi
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Journal of Modern Processes in Manufacturing and Production
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Data envelopment analysis,Goal Programming,Balanced Scorecard,Decision Making Units,Multi Objective Programming,Weighting Objective Function
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Data envelopment analysis (DEA) is a nonparametric approach to estimate relative efficiency of Decision Making Units (DMUs). DEA is one of the best quantitative approaches and balanced scorecard (BSC) is one of the best qualitative methods to measure efficiency of an organization. Since simultaneous evaluation of network performance of the quad areas of BSC model is considered as a necessity and separate use of DEA and BSC is not effective and leads to miscalculation of performance, integrated DEA-BSC model is applied. Regarding to multi-objective nature of the proposed model, two techniques including goal programming and weighted average method are used to solve such problems. At the end of the study, based on data relating to indexes of quad areas of BSC model, the results of the mentioned methods are compared. Besides assessing validation of the proposed model, the overall efficiency and each of the different stages of BSC are obtained. So that, finding a model for decision making units in various stages of BSC is the innovation of this research study.
- انتشار مقاله: 04-04-1398
- نویسندگان: Kianoosh Kianfar,Mahnaz Ahadzadeh Namin,Akbar Alam Tabriz,Esmaeil Najafi,Farhad Hosseinzadeh Lotfi
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Journal of Optimization in Industrial Engineering
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Decision Tree,Segmentation,Customer Relationship Management (CRM),Telecom
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Effective knowledge and awareness of customers require the market segmentation, through which the customers who have the same needs and purchasing patterns as well as the same response to marketing plans are identified. The selection of a proper variable is a requirement, among other, for a successful market segmentation. In today' world, on one hand, the consumers are bombarded with new goods and new services, and on the other hand, they face the varying qualities of the goods and services. Consequently, such uncertainties will lead to more vague decisions and cumulative data. The timely and accurate analysis of these cumulative data can bring about competitive advantages to the enterprises. Furthermore, thanks to new technology and global competition, the majority of organizations have focused on Customer Relationship Management (CRM), with the goal of better serving the customers. The customer relationship planning entails the facilitation and creation of interfaces related to market segmentation, which is considered as a requirement for predicting behavior of the prospective customers in the future. Market segmentation refers to the process of dividing the customers into some segments based on their common characteristics while different groups have the least similarity to each other. This is followed by the formulation of plans for new product production, advertisement and marketing in accordance with the characteristics of each group of customers. Current study aims at identifying the profitable customers of a telecom System, based on their first transaction, using binary tree. The customers of System 780 participated in this case study. The dependent variable and independent variable of the study were identified through mining the data of customers, registered in the databases of System 780. The results showed the acceptable calculation error in distinguishing the profitable customers from other customers.
- انتشار مقاله: 20-05-1397
- نویسندگان: Mohammad Velayati,Mohammadreza Shahriari,Farhad Hosseinzadeh Lotfi
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Journal of Industrial and Systems Engineering
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Game Theory,Stackelberg game,Goal Programming,Network DEA,Undesirable output,double-frontier
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: In this paper, we consider a three-stage network comprised of a leader and two followers in respect to the additional desirable and undesirable inputs and outputs. We utilize the non-cooperative approach multiplicative model to measure the efficiency of the overall system and the performances of decision-making units (DMUs) from both, the optimistic and pessimistic views. Moreover, we utilize the concept of a goal programming and define a kind of cooperation between the leader and followers, so that the objectives of the managers are capable of being inserted in the models. In actual fact, a kind of collaboration is considered in a non-cooperative game. The non-cooperative models from these view cannot be converted into linear models. Therefore, a heuristic method is proposed to convert the nonlinear models into linear models. After obtaining the efficiencies based on the double-frontier view, the DMUs are ranked and classified into three clusters by the k-means algorithm. Finally, this paper considers a genuine world example, in relevance to production planning and inventory control, for model application and analyzes it from the double-frontier view. The proposed models are simulations of a factory in a real world, with a production area as leader and a warehouse and a delivery point as two followers. This factory has been regarded as a dynamic network with a time period of 24 intervals.
- انتشار مقاله: 17-10-1397
- نویسندگان: Ehsan Vaezi,Seyyed Esmaeil Najafi,Mohammad Haji Molana,Farhad Hosseinzadeh Lotfi,Mahnaz Ahadzadeh Namin
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Journal of Health Management and Informatics
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Logistic models,Health Financing,Supplementary Health Insurances,None for Profit Insurance
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Introduction: One of the most reliable sources of financing healthcare costs is health
insurance. Covering all the services by basic health insurance is not affordable economically, so that some services are covered by supplementary health insurances. This study aimed to determine the factors influencing buying the different levels of Kowsar supplementary health insurance by the staff of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences in 2014-2015.
Methods: This is a cross-sectional study. Two data collection forms were used to collect the
data. A sample size of 500 was determined using the rule of thumb. The individuals were
selected via using two-stage stratified and systematic sampling. To do the estimation, the
ordinal logistic regression model (link function was logit) was specified by the one-sided
significant variable tests at the first step. Then, the independent variables were examined by the link test, and the linear relationship among variables was also investigated. The software Excel 2010 and STATA 11.0 (stata corp LLC) were used in this paper.
Results: The findings showed that among the people with supplementary insurance, the
majority were males (60%), married (85%), with the basic Tamin Ejtemaei insurance (72.3%). Among those who have not chosen the supplementary health insurance, the largest number were women (69%), unmarried (53%), and insured by Tamin Ejtemaei (80%), respectively. The findings suggest that some factors such as the age, gender, income and cost of insurance packages are the most influential factors on buying different levels of health care insurance. In the first model that included people with supplementary insurance, the income elasticity was significant and positive (Beta=3, P=0.047) and price elasticity of demand was negative (Beta=-0.06, P=0.001). In the second model that complemented those with and without supplementary insurance, the income elasticity was insignificant (Beta=2.46, P=0.085), and the demand price elasticity was negative (Beta=-0.06, P=0.001).
Conclusion: The economic factor seems to be the most influential factor in choosing
supplementary insurance. Since this problem causes the low-income households not to use
the insurance; therefore, the government is required to allocate some subsidies for low income household to be covered by supplementary health insurance for special services.- انتشار مقاله: 04-02-1398
- نویسندگان: Zahra Kavosi,Effat Norouz Sarvestani,Najmeh Bordbar,Mohsen Bayati,Farhad Lotfi
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Journal of Advances in Medical Education and Professionalism
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی:
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Introduction: General medical education starts with basic sciences whichusually continue about 2.5 to 3 years. In this period, the students study basic medical sciences and then start the clinical stage in which they deal with diagnoses, care, and cure of disease. The purpose of this study was to assess the integration of basic sciences period with the clinical period at Shiraz University of Medical Sciences.Methods: The present study is a descriptive one. The sample of the study consisted of all students entered Shiraz University of Medical Sciences in January, 2009, and November, 2009, professors of basic sciences courses, and some clinical professors. To evaluate the integration program, we devised various instruments. The collected data were analyzed, using SPSS software.Result: The findings showed that in spite of the students’ objections neweducational methods in the first year of implementation, they felt moresatisfied as the drawbacks were removed over time.Conclusion: The assessment of educational curricula is an important step to identify educational problems and promote the students’ learning. This issue can help the curriculum planners to design the educational programs so that students, particularly medical students, will be able to acquire the required knowledge and skill and integrate them for the promotion and maintenance of society’s health.Keywords: Evaluation, Basic sciences, Horizontal integration
- انتشار مقاله: 22-07-1392
- نویسندگان: MITRA AMINI,JAVAD KOJURI,ALI MAHBUDI,FARHAD LOTFI,ATEFEH SEGHATOLESLAM,ZAHRA KARIMIAN,MESBAH SHAMS
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Journal of Applied Research on Industrial Engineering
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Genetic algorithm (GA),Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA),Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP)
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: As ranking is one of the most important issues in data envelopment analysis (DEA), many researchers have comprehensive studies on the subject and presented different approaches. In some papers, DEA and Analytic hierarchy process (AHP) are integrated to rank the alternatives. AHP utilizes pairwise comparisons between criteria and units, assessed subjectively by the decision maker, to rank the units. In this paper, a nonlinear programming (NLP) model is introduced to derive the true weights for pairwise comparison matrices in AHP. Genetic algorithm (GA) is used in order to solve this model. We use MATLAB software to solve proposed model for ranking the alternatives in AHP. A numerical example is applied to illustrate the proposed model.
- انتشار مقاله: 18-11-1392
- نویسندگان: Sahar Khoshfetrat,Farhad Hosseinzadeh Lotfi
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: International Journal of Hospital Research
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: health system,Pharmaceutical expenditures,Pharmaceutical demand,Health economics
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background and Objectives: Pharmaceutical expenditures are responsible for a major part of health systems’ cost. According to the WHO’s statistics, Iran is the first among the 20 countries in the world in terms of drug consumption. The first step in controlling consumption of a particular good is to identify factor inducing the relevant demands. Hence, this study aimed to identify the pattern and demand-inducing factors of drug consumption in Iran. Methods: The time series data of pharmaceutical expenditures was acquired from the yearbooks of Iranian Ministry of Health and Medical Educations. The time series data of medicine price index and per capita income were obtained from the documentation of the Central Bank of Iran. Pharmaceutical demand was modeled as a function of economic variables using the logarithmic transformation of Cobb-Douglas demand function and regression coefficients were estimated. Findings: Households income and medical liability insurance and medicine prices showed a positive and a negative impact on medicine expenditures, respectively. The elasticity of price and income was found to be less than one suggesting medicine as an inelastic and normal good. Conclusions: Our results imply that policies such as enhancing financial resources of insurances, rationalizing the allocated expenditures, and appropriate packaging of the insured medicines based on elasticity of income and demand, providing insurance premium based on the type and rank of the disease, implementation of coinsurance according to the type of medicinal services would help control of drug consumption.
- انتشار مقاله: 02-06-1393
- نویسندگان: Soraya Nouraei Motlagh,Farhad Lotfi,Mohammad Hadian,Hossein Safari,Aziz Rezapour
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: International Journal of Industrial Mathematics
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Data envelopment analysis,Negative cross-efficiency,Variable returns to scale,Cross-inefficiency,VRS production possibility set
- چکیده: روش رتبهبندی کارایی متقاطع یکی از روشهای شناخته شده در تحلیل پوششی دادههاست که اغلب تحت فرض بازده به مقیاس ثابت به کار گرفته میشود. این در حالی است که کاربردهای فراوانی تحت فرض بازده به مقیاس متغیر موجود هستند. دلیل اصلی این امر، حضور مقادیر کارایی متقاطع منفی در فرض بازده به مقیاس متغیر با ماهیت ورودی است. در این مقاله، هر کارایی متقاطع با یک معیار فاصلهی معادل به عنوان شاخصی از ناکارایی جایگزین میشود. سپس، بر اساس معیار فاصله مذکور، روش ناکارایی متقاطع تحت فرض بازده به مقیاس متغیر توسعه داده میشود.
- چکیده انگلیسی: The cross-efficiency ranking method is a well-known method in DEA which is frequently used under the constant returns to scale assumption; while various applications exist based on the variable returns to scale (VRS). This is due to the presence of negative input-oriented VRS cross-efficiencies. In this paper, each cross-efficiency is replaced by an equivalent distance measure as inefficiency measure. Then, the cross-inefficiency method is developed under the VRS assumption.
- انتشار مقاله: 26-09-1398
- نویسندگان: B. Asadi,H. Nasseri,Farhad Hosseinzade Lotfi
- مشاهده