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کاربرد نوع شرط:
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Physical Chemistry Research
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Drug design,Ligand binding,Enthalpy of binding,Isothermal titration calorimetry,Enzyme kinetics
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Most of the biological phenomena are influenced by intermolecular recognition and interaction. Thus, understanding the thermodynamics of biomacromolecule ligand interaction is a very interesting area in biochemistry and biotechnology. One of the most powerful techniques to obtain precise information about the energetics of (bio) molecules binding to other biological macromolecules is isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC). In a typical ITC experiment, a macromolecule solution is titrated by a solution containing a reactant at a constant temperature, and exchanged heat of the reaction is measured, allowing determination of thermodynamic parameters (enthalpy change, entropy change, change in Gibbs free energy, binding affinity and stoichiometry) of molecular interactions. In this review article, we describe the ITC approach briefly and review some applications of ITC for studying protein-ligand interactions, protein-protein interactions, self-association, and drug design processes. Furthermore, the application of ITC for determination of kinetic parameters of enzyme catalyzed reactions as well as thermodynamic parameters will be discussed.
- انتشار مقاله: 03-12-1393
- نویسندگان: Maliheh Sadat Atri,Ali Akbar Saboury,Faizan Ahmad
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Journal of Nanoanalysis
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2NPs) Paclitaxel (PTX) Spectroscopy C,form DNA MDA,Mb,231cells
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Objective(s): The objective of this investigation was to evaluate the synergistic
effect of paclitaxel (PTX) combined with titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2NPs)
on DNA structure and to examine the proliferation of MDA-MB-231cells.
Methods: This investigation performed with Ultraviolet spectroscopy, zeta
potential investigation, circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy, ELISA reader and
fluorescence spectroscopy.
Results: The Ultraviolet results indicated that the structure of DNA in the presence
of PTX and TiO2NPs (at a lower concentration) changed significantly rather than
TiO2NPs or PTX alone. The fluorescence results exposed that PTX+TiO2NPs could
form a complex via non-intercalative mechanism and the PTX+TiO2NPs affinity
to DNA increased considerably. The thermodynamics parameters displayed that
PTX+TiO2NPs interact with DNA strongly and in this interaction, the hydrophobic
force plays an important role. The CD data confirmed that DNA structure was
modified by PTX+TiO2NPs via a simple and reasonable mechanism: change in DNA
conformation from B to C-form. The negative charge of DNA reduced strongly
after addition of PTX+TiO2NPs. The anticancer property of PTX+TiO2NPs by
MTT assay demonstrates that this combination can tremendously diminish the
proliferation of MDA-MB-231cells compared to PTX or TiO2NPs alone.
Conclusions: Based on this investigation TiO2NPs could enhance the affinity
and binding of PTX (at a lower concentration) on DNA structure and PTX+NDs
can promote mortality of MDA-MB-231 cells. This study can offer an innovative
strategy for designing the ideal anti-tumor agents.- انتشار مقاله: 11-08-1399
- نویسندگان: Azadeh Hekmat,Masoumeh Afrough,Saeed Hesami Tackallou,Faizan Ahmad
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: International Journal of Travel Medicine and Global Health
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Hajj,Mass Gathering Medicine,Heat Illness,Heat Exhaustion,Heat Stroke
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Introduction: Extreme heat claims more lives than all other weather-related exposures combined. Hajj rituals at Mina, Arafat, and Muzdalifah involve a minimally-clothed, moving assemblage of 3.5 million pilgrims who are exposed to a harsh, hot, desert climate during physically challenging outdoor rituals and unsheltered night stays, rendering them prone to heat illness, dehydration, and sunburn. This cross-sectional study assessed the emergency response of the Indian Hajj Medical Mission to overwhelming heat illnesses in Mina and Arafat among Indian pilgrims during Hajj, 2016.
Methods: In 2016, 88 patients affected by the heat were brought to central tent-clinics at 36 maktabs in Mina and Arafat that were established by the Indian Hajj Medical Mission. Patients were offered rapid external evaporative cooling (wet towels) and cold intravenous saline infusion on patient couches and wheelchairs.
Results: The incidence of heat illness among Indian pilgrims in 2016 was 0.62/1000. The ratio of males to females was 1.8:1. Mean ages of males and females were 62.2 ± 7.43 and 52.6 ± 9.3, respectively. Pre-existing conditions, such as diabetes mellitus and hypertension, were present in 93.2% of the patients. The most common presentations included hyperthermia, fatigue, and restlessness. Heatstroke presented in five patients and resulted in one fatality. Twenty-eight patients were referred to Saudi hospitals, and 12 of them were institutionalized. Exertion related to the stoning of Satan ritual during late morning and afternoon hours was the leading cause of heat illness.
Conclusion: The overwhelming incidence of heat illness among Indian pilgrims in the critical five-day period of the Hajj represents the tip of the iceberg as the Hajj attracts over 3.5 million pilgrims from 200 countries annually. Heat illness is difficult to manage in the presence of pre-existing comorbidities and mandates clientele education and outreach warning systems to enhance resilience capital amongst Hajj pilgrims, sportspersons, outdoor enthusiasts, and military personnel.- انتشار مقاله: 10-07-1396
- نویسندگان: Inam Danish Khan,Syed Bahavuddin Hussaini,Shazia Khan,Faiz MH Ahmad,Faisal Ahmad Faisal,Muhammad Arif Salim,Razzakur Rehman,Syed Asif Hashmi,Bushra Asima,Muhammad Shaikhoo Mustafa
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: International Journal of Travel Medicine and Global Health
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Hajj,Mass Gathering Medicine,Heat Illness,Heat Exhaustion,Heat Stroke
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Introduction: Extreme heat claims more lives than all other weather-related exposures combined. Hajj rituals at Mina, Arafat, and Muzdalifah involve a minimally-clothed, moving assemblage of 3.5 million pilgrims who are exposed to a harsh, hot, desert climate during physically challenging outdoor rituals and unsheltered night stays, rendering them prone to heat illness, dehydration, and sunburn. This cross-sectional study assessed the emergency response of the Indian Hajj Medical Mission to overwhelming heat illnesses in Mina and Arafat among Indian pilgrims during Hajj, 2016.
Methods: In 2016, 88 patients affected by the heat were brought to central tent-clinics at 36 maktabs in Mina and Arafat that were established by the Indian Hajj Medical Mission. Patients were offered rapid external evaporative cooling (wet towels) and cold intravenous saline infusion on patient couches and wheelchairs.
Results: The incidence of heat illness among Indian pilgrims in 2016 was 0.62/1000. The ratio of males to females was 1.8:1. Mean ages of males and females were 62.2 ± 7.43 and 52.6 ± 9.3, respectively. Pre-existing conditions, such as diabetes mellitus and hypertension, were present in 93.2% of the patients. The most common presentations included hyperthermia, fatigue, and restlessness. Heatstroke presented in five patients and resulted in one fatality. Twenty-eight patients were referred to Saudi hospitals, and 12 of them were institutionalized. Exertion related to the stoning of Satan ritual during late morning and afternoon hours was the leading cause of heat illness.
Conclusion: The overwhelming incidence of heat illness among Indian pilgrims in the critical five-day period of the Hajj represents the tip of the iceberg as the Hajj attracts over 3.5 million pilgrims from 200 countries annually. Heat illness is difficult to manage in the presence of pre-existing comorbidities and mandates clientele education and outreach warning systems to enhance resilience capital amongst Hajj pilgrims, sportspersons, outdoor enthusiasts, and military personnel.- انتشار مقاله: 10-07-1396
- نویسندگان: Inam Danish Khan,Syed Bahavuddin Hussaini,Shazia Khan,Faiz MH Ahmad,Faisal Ahmad Faisal,Muhammad Arif Salim,Razzakur Rehman,Syed Asif Hashmi,Bushra Asima,Muhammad Shaikhoo Mustafa
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Asia Pacific Journal of Medical Toxicology
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Pesticide,Suicide,Phosphine,Aluminium Phosphide,Spontaneous Ignition
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background: Suicide by poisoning is the second most common cause of death by suicide (27.9%) as per The National Crime Records Bureau (NCRB) India in 2015. Aluminum phosphide (ALP) is the leading agricultural poison used to commit suicide as where its availability is not properly regulated. ALP is a highly toxic solid fumigant pesticide, rodenticide and insecticide.
Case presentation: A 40-year-old woman was brought by the police to the emergency section. Her extremities were cold and hypotonic, and her skin was pale. Patient’s vitals were unstable with pulse rate 112/minute irregularities, blood pressure 68/54 mm of Hg, respiratory rate 22/minute shallow and body temperature 30.1 ºC and characteristicly strong garlicky odor on her breath. During the suction of gastric contents, spontaneous ignition of gas with flames and white fumes with sound like a blast was observed by resident doctors and para-clinical staff. Gastric aspirate along with Ryle’s tube were immediately sent to the forensic department where the Silver Nitrate test was performed and it was found strongly positive for phosphine gas.
Discussion: Aluminum phosphide readily reacts with water and hydrochloric acid in the stomach to produce phosphine (hydrogen phosphide, PH3) and a small amount of diphosphine.
Conclusion: The present case report stresses on the need that the emergency physicians need to be highly alert and adequately prepared while handling such patients. Spontaneous ignition with the release of phosphine from ALP poisoned patients can not only affect the patient, but also pose a health hazard to emergency physicians and medical staff.- انتشار مقاله: 17-04-1398
- نویسندگان: Faiz Ahmad,Mohd Kaleem Khan,Asad Mahmood,Jamal Azmat
- مشاهده