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کاربرد نوع شرط:
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Journal of Oral Health and Oral Epidemiology
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Prevalence,Epidemiology,Dry mouth,Xerostomia
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: BACKGROUND AND AIM: The effects of xerostomia on oral health have been studied for decades; however, the prevalence of this disorder in the general population remains controversial. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of xerostomia in the population of Kerman, Iran. METHODS: A total of 1010 subjects participated in this cross-sectional study. Study volunteers completed a standardized questionnaire regarding demographic data, history of systemic disease, use of medication, cigarette smoking, and etcetera. The Fox questionnaire was also completed to diagnose xerostomia. RESULTS: The prevalence of xerostomia in this study was 55% (59.9% among men and 49.9% among women). The mean age of the study population was 34.7 ± 12.1. 21.5% of cases had a systemic disease and 19% reported taking medication. Moreover, 25.9% of the participants (30% men and 4.6% women) smoked cigarettes or other tobacco products. Systemic disease, medication, and the use of tobacco products and opiates were found to be significant risk factors for xerostomia. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of xerostomia in our study was higher than that reported in other populations. Smoking and medication were significant risk factors for xerostomia.
- انتشار مقاله: 22-01-1392
- نویسندگان: Maryam Rad,Goli Chamani,Arash Shahravan,Nasim Hedayati,Fahimeh Alizadeh
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Candida albicans,Fluconazole,voriconazole,itraconazole,Ketoconazole,ERG11,Synergic effect
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Patients with impaired immunity are at particular risk of infections with Candida albicans. Antifungal drugs such as azoles commonly used for candidiasis treatment, but drug resistance is one of the most common problems for public health. The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression of lanosterol 14-demethylase (ERG11) gene for three-drug combinations in C. albicans. Disk diffusion and broth microdilution susceptibility tests were employed to evaluate the synergic effects of amphotericin B, fluconazole, voriconazole, ketoconazole and itraconazole. Quantification of ERG11 gene expression was carried out in C. albicans treated with three-drug combinations of fluconazole/ ketoconazole/ voriconazole and fluconazole/ ketoconazole/ itraconazole. Three-drug combinations revealed synergistic and partial synergistic effect for all tested isolates (FIC index range of 0.27-0.77). The expression levels of ERG11 were down-regulated by three-drug combination of fluconazole/ ketoconazole/ voriconazole treatment. Fluconazole synergizes with ketoconazole and voriconazole in three-drug combination against C. albicans by targeting of the ERG11 gene.
- انتشار مقاله: 17-04-1397
- نویسندگان: Fahimeh Alizadeh,Alireza Khodavandi,Sahar Ahmadsomalia
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Current Medical Mycology
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Candida species,Fluconazole,ERG11,Resistant
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background and Purpose: The frequency of opportunistic fungal infections in immunocompromised patients, especially by Candida species, has sharply increased in the last few decades. The objective of this study was to analyse the ergosterol content and gene expression profiling of clinical isolates of fluconazole resistant Candida albicans.
Materials and Methods: Sixty clinical samples were identified and collected from immunocompromised patients, namely recurrent oral, vaginal, and cutaneous candidiasis, during 2015-16. Antifungal susceptibility testing of fluconazole against clinical Candida species was performed according to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines. Ergosterol content and gene expression profiling of sterol 14α-demethylase (ERG11) gene in fluconazole-susceptible and –resistant C.albicans were investigated.
Results: The specimens consisted of C. albicans (46.67%), Candida krusei (41.67%) (and Candida tropicalis (11.67%). All the isolates were resistant to fluconazole. No significant reduction was noted in total cellular ergosterol content in comparison with untreated controls in terms of fluconazole-resistant C. albicans. The expression level of ERG11 gene was down-regulated in fluconazole-susceptible C. albicans.Eventually, the expression pattern of ERG11 gene revealed no significant changes in fluconazole-resistant isolates compared to untreated controls. The results revealed no significant differences between fluconazole-susceptible and –resistant C. albicans sequences by comparison with ERG11 reference sequence.
Conclusion: Our findings provide an insight into the mechanism of fluconazole resistance in C. albicans. The mechanisms proposed for clinical isolates of fluconazole-resistant C. albicans are alteration in sterol biosynthesis, analysis of expression level of ERG11 gene, and analysis of gene sequences. Nonetheless, further studies are imperative to find molecular mechanisms that could be targeted to control fluconazole resistance.
- انتشار مقاله: 18-04-1398
- نویسندگان: Fahimeh Alizadeh,Alireza Khodavandi,Sara Zalakian
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Avicenna Journal of Phytomedicine
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Allium hirtifolium,Allium sativum,Candida tropicalis,Systemic candidiasis
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Objective: One of the major clinical problems is the resistance of Candida speciestowards most of antifungals. The search for new antifungal drug from plants have helped to overcome this problem. This study evaluated the effects of Allium hirtifolium and Allium sativumextracts on Candida tropicalis both in vitro and in a mouse model of systemic candidiasis.
Materials and Methods: In this study, clinical isolates of C. tropicalis were isolated and identified from immunocompromised patients with recurrent candidiasis. Antifungal susceptibilities assessment and time kill study of aqueous and ethanolic extracts of A. hirtifolium and A. sativumextracts were done against C. tropicalis. The in vivo activity of aqueous extracts of A. hirtifolium and A. sativumwere evaluated in a mouse model of systemiccandidiasis caused by C. tropicalis through estimating the host survival time, fungal burden and histopathologic analyses.
Results: The aqueous and ethanolic extracts of A. hirtifolium and A. sativum exhibited significant antifungal activity against C. tropicalis. In time kill study, A. hirtifolium and A. sativum extracts exhibited significant effects against C. tropicalis (p<0.05). Treatment of BALB/c mice that were systemicallyinfected with C. tropicalis, showed that treatments with A. hirtifolium and A. sativum (at 1 mg/kg/day) were slightly less efficacious than that of fluconazole in terms of the fungal burden reduction and host survival time, it was still effective against C. tropicalis.
Conclusion: These findings demonstrate the anticandidal properties of A. hirtifolium and A. sativumextracts in vitro and in vivo and suggest their potential to be used as an adjuvant therapy in the management of Candida infections.- انتشار مقاله: 15-10-1396
- نویسندگان: Alireza Diba,Fahimeh Alizadeh
- مشاهده