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کاربرد نوع شرط:
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Advances in Environmental Technology
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Nickel,Isotherm,Mesoporous MCM-41,Nano-adsorbent
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: In this study, a synthetic and modified PPAP-MPTMS-MCM-41 nano-adsorbent was used to remove nickel (II) during a batch process. Studying the parameters that were effective on adsorption revealed that the PPAP-MPTMS-MCM-41 adsorbent was the most effective in the adsorption of nickel (II) from a standard solution (Conc. = 5 mg/L, volume = 100 mL) under the following conditions: pH=8, contact time = 20 min, 6 wt.% of poly para-aminophenol (PPAP) ligand, adsorbent mass = 0.3 g, 1 molar hydrochloric acid (to remove nickel from the adsorbent), and NaCl salt with a concentration of less than 100 g/L. The results showed that the Langmuir isotherm had a higher linear and non-linear fitting with the experimental data. Investigating the kinetic models and mass transfer of this adsorption process showed that the experimental data were in good agreement with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and the intra-particle mass transfer model. According to thermodynamic studies, this adsorption process is endothermic; its Gibbs free energy value is positive such that with an increase in temperature, it goes to lower values, and thus the process progresses spontaneously.
- انتشار مقاله: 02-02-1399
- نویسندگان: Behrouz Raei,Afsaneh Barekat,Habibollah Shariyatinia
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Advances in Environmental Technology
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Environmental Sustainability,Energy integration,LCA,Exergy,Petroleum refinery
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: This paper presents a case study on the enhancement of environmental sustainability in a petroleum refining process based on an exergetic diagnostic approach. The Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) pinpointed crude oil production and electricity generating systems as the main sources of environmental unsustainability. The existing hot utility demand of the process is 78.4 MW with a temperature difference of 40°C, where the area efficiency of the existing design is 0.7254. The targeting stage sets the minimum approach temperature at 18.96 °C, thereby establishing the scope for potential energy savings. The suggested design option with a total energy demand of 109,048 kW, the same as the existing one but 72,699 kW higher than the target, needs a 17,873 m2 area in 38 exchangers. Notably, this requires 2,914 m2 less surface area, suggesting the practicality of the project with a limited number of modifications such as the repiping of the existing exchanger units. Moreover, to enhance further the sustainability of the petroleum refining process, the possible solutions such as the renewables were evaluated through various scenarios; thus, resulting in a reduction in the environmental impacts from 2.34E-06 to 2.27E-06 according to ReCiPe, and thus paving the way towards a sustainable petroleum refining process.
- انتشار مقاله: 25-04-1396
- نویسندگان: Behrouz Raei,Ali Ghannadzadeh
- مشاهده