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کاربرد نوع شرط:
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Journal of Advances in Medical Education and Professionalism
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی:
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Introduction: General medical education starts with basic sciences whichusually continue about 2.5 to 3 years. In this period, the students study basic medical sciences and then start the clinical stage in which they deal with diagnoses, care, and cure of disease. The purpose of this study was to assess the integration of basic sciences period with the clinical period at Shiraz University of Medical Sciences.Methods: The present study is a descriptive one. The sample of the study consisted of all students entered Shiraz University of Medical Sciences in January, 2009, and November, 2009, professors of basic sciences courses, and some clinical professors. To evaluate the integration program, we devised various instruments. The collected data were analyzed, using SPSS software.Result: The findings showed that in spite of the students’ objections neweducational methods in the first year of implementation, they felt moresatisfied as the drawbacks were removed over time.Conclusion: The assessment of educational curricula is an important step to identify educational problems and promote the students’ learning. This issue can help the curriculum planners to design the educational programs so that students, particularly medical students, will be able to acquire the required knowledge and skill and integrate them for the promotion and maintenance of society’s health.Keywords: Evaluation, Basic sciences, Horizontal integration
- انتشار مقاله: 22-07-1392
- نویسندگان: MITRA AMINI,JAVAD KOJURI,ALI MAHBUDI,FARHAD LOTFI,ATEFEH SEGHATOLESLAM,ZAHRA KARIMIAN,MESBAH SHAMS
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Testosterone,Gonadotropins,Echium,Male fertility agents,Semen analysis
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background: Iranian borage, Echium amoenum, is believed to improve reproduction according to folk medicine. Although E. amoenum distillate known as “Aragh Gav-zaban” is widely consumed as a safe and natural remedy, its possible effects on fertility have not yet been scientifically examined. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of borage distillate (BD) on reproductive parameters of male mice.Methods: In this experimental study, 30 adult male Mus musculus mice (30-35 g) were equally divided into three groups. The control group received distilled water (DW) for five weeks and the other two groups, BD1/2 and BD1/4, received borage distillate of 1/2 dilution (150±2.5 ml/kg/day) and 1/4 dilution (75±1.25 ml/kg/day), respectively, ad libitum for three weeks and DW for 2 weeks. On the day 35, mice were sacrificed, sperm analysis was performed, and sera were collected to evaluate gonadotropins, testosterone, and toxicity parameters. The left testis was excised for stereological study and the right testis was used to evaluate androgen receptor (AR) gene expression. Results: The administration of BD1/2 significantly increased serum FSH (P=0.004), LH (P=0.025), testosterone (P=0.014), the percentage of motile (P=0.011); slow progressive (P=0.001), coiled tail (P<0.001) sperms, and the number of Leydig cells (P=0.008) compared to the control group. Treatment with BD1/4 significantly increased sperm count (P=0.044) and motile sperms percentage (P=0.040) compared to the control group too. The administration of BD revealed no significant effects on toxicity parameters and AR gene expression.Conclusion: The findings of the present study showed that the consumption of borage distillate, as a safe herbal remedy, improves hormonal and sperm parameters in male mice.
- انتشار مقاله: 08-05-1396
- نویسندگان: Shima Fakher,Atefeh Seghatoleslam,Ali Noorafshan,Saeid Karbalay-Doust,Maryam Rahmanifard,Mojtaba Rashidi
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Rats,Diabetes Mellitus,Streptozotocin,Pancreatic beta cell,Urtica dioica distillate
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background: Urtica dioica is known as an anti-hyperglycemic plant. Urtica dioica distillate (UD) is a traditional Iranian drink, locally known as “aragh gazaneh”. In spite of its widespread consumption in Iran, according to traditional Iranian medicine, there is no scientific report on the usefulness of UD for diabetic patients. This survey was designed to evaluate its protective effects for the recovery from diabetes by determining the serum insulin, blood glucose, volume of pancreatic islets, and the number and volume of β-cells in diabetic rats.Methods: A total of 48 Sprague-Dawley male rats (200-250 g) were randomly distributed into 6 groups (n=8), including non-diabetic plus distilled water (DW), non-diabetic plus UD, diabetic plus DW, diabetic plus UD, diabetic plus insulin, and diabetic plus glibenclamide. DW, UD, and glibenclamide were administered via intragastric gavage and insulin was injected subcutaneously. After four weeks of experiments, blood samples were collected for serum insulin and blood glucose assay. Pancreas was also evaluated using stereological method. The SPSS software was used for statistical analysis. Kruskal-Wallis, repeated measurements, and Mann-Whitney U test were applied for comparisons between the groups.Results: The treatment of diabetic rats with UD reduced the blood glucose dramatically (P<0.001) and increased serum insulin levels significantly (P=0.03) in comparison to the diabetic plus DW rats. Treatment with UD did not affect the mean β-cell volumes in the diabetic rats when compared to the diabetic plus DW rats, but the islet volumes and β-cell numbers were significantly recovered.Conclusion: UD treatment in diabetic rats improves hyperglycemia by partially restoring plasma insulin levels. The data suggest that UD prevents islet atrophy and/or regenerate pancreatic β-cells.
- انتشار مقاله: 14-07-1395
- نویسندگان: Ali Gohari,Ali Noorafshan,Masoumeh Akmali,Fahimeh Zamani-Garmsiri,Atefeh Seghatoleslam
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: reactive oxygen species,Recombinant Proteins,Mycobacterium Tuberculosis,ESAT-6 protein,CFP-10 protein
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background: Macrophage immune responses are affected by the secretory proteins of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). This study aimed to examine the immune responses of macrophages to Mtb secretory antigens, namely ESAT-6, CFP-10, and ESAT-6/CFP-10.Methods: THP-1 cells (a human monocytic cell line) were cultured and differentiated to macrophages by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate. The cytotoxicity of the recombinant Mtb proteins was assessed using the MTT assay. Two important immune responses of macrophages, namely NO and ROS production, were measured in response to the ESAT-6, CFP-10, and ESAT-6/CFP-10 antigens. The data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA with SPSS, version 16, and considered significant at P<0.05.Results: The results showed that the ESAT-6, CFP-10, and ESAT-6/CFP-10 proteins markedly reduced macrophage immune response. The treatment of the THP-1-differentiated cells with ESAT-6, CFP-10, and ESAT-6/CFP-10 reduced NO and ROS production. The treated THP-1-differentiated cells exhibited less inducible NO synthase activity than did the untreated cells. No toxic effect on macrophage viability was observed for the applied proteins at the different concentrations. Conclusion: It seems that the decline in macrophage immune response is due to the suppression of NO and ROS production pathways without any effect on cell viability.
- انتشار مقاله: 12-10-1394
- نویسندگان: Atefeh Seghatoleslam,Mina Hemmati,Saeedeh Ebadat,Bahram Movahedi,Zohreh Mostafavi-Pour
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی:
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background: We had previously identified the genes involved in squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck using differential display and DNA microarray techniques. We also reported the first analytical study on a novel human gene called LOC92912, which was identified by differential display as a gene up-regulated in such carcinomas. LOC92912, which is a putative member of the E2 ubiquitin conjugating enzyme family, is located on chromosome 15q and encodes a protein of 375 amino acids. In this study, we present the extended analysis of LOC92912 gene in order to uncover the pathway implicated in cancer development or progression. We established a series of RPMI 2650 cell line permanently over-expressing LOC92912 gene, together with their related controls. Methods: LOC92912 gene was cloned in pSG5-expressing vector. In vitro translation assay was performed using pSG5-expressing LOC92912. The construct was used for transient and permanent transfection of LOC92912 gene into RPMI 2650 cell line. Cell cycle analysis, clonogenicity, and cell growth assay for cells permanently over-expressing LOC92912 were performed. Focus-like formation studies, also, were investigated on cells permanently over-expressing LOC92912. Results: We found that RPMI 2650 cells permanently over-expressing LOC92912 show an increase in the number of cells accumulated in G0/G1 phase of the cell cycle, a decrease in clonogenicity and cell growth and formation of focus-like structures. Preliminary data also showed changes in cell shape and cell-cell adhesion. Conclusion: Our results demonstrated that LOC92912 induced alterations in the proliferation of cells and might represent a putative novel regulator of cell cycle and some other cellular functions. This novel human gene may also represent a new target for treatment of cancers.
- انتشار مقاله: 23-02-1394
- نویسندگان: Atefeh Seghatoleslam,Alberto Zambrano
- مشاهده